Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Mine Ventilation Planning: References McPherson Chapter 9 Le Rouxs Notes Chapter 18 MV for beginners Notes No 65
Other Resources on ELE
Papers on ELE Hard Rock Miners Handbook Chapter 18 Anglo Coal Mine Planning Guide
Ventilation Rate = A x production + B A varies with mining method and complexity B about 50 m3/s for single hoist systems increases with size of mine and number of hoisting systems
Stope Production
Number of & peak requirements
MAC = Max Allowable Concentration (ppm) N = Normal amount of that gas in air (ppm) Qgas = Rate of emission of gas
Calculate Air Requirements (Metal) (i) Design Rules of Thumb for Quantity
Air Quantity for Stope Production Block Cave Large mines, long hole stopes Smaller mines Larger pillar recovery mines
m3/s per 000tpy
Dusts
Air Quantity for Diesel Equipment (per kW) Over the engine minimum > 0.035m3/s Design Ventilation for gross fleet requirements 0.06 to 0.08 m3/s Local regulations Quantities elsewhere required to provide: Ventilation of mine services (crushers, workshops etc) Clearence times for blasting fumes/Dilution of Strata Gas
Calculate Air Requirements (Metal) (ii) Design Rules of Thumb for Velocity
Intake Airways Intake Shaft velocities < 10 m/s for typical haulage guide methods Intake drift & decline velocities < 5 m/s to minimise dust pick up General airways between 2 and 4 m/s Working Places Working places >>0.5 m/s for dust clearance and gas layer prevention Hot working areas > 0.5 m/s for cooling effect Large workshops > 0.25 m/s Return Airways Return airway velocity < 12m/s for pedestrian access Main return shaft velocity < 7 m/s or > 12 m/s to avoid droplet suspension Ventilation shaft velocity typically 16 to 22 m/s for optimum cost
Calculate Air Requirements (Metal) (iii) Design Rules of Thumb for Temperature
Air Temperatures Design Possible short shift conditions Significant Lost Time likely Unacceptable for continuous loss Absoluatly no work C WB 26-28 28-29 29-31 31-32 32 +
Actual design limiting temperatures will be determines by heat stress index employed;
Calculate Air Requirements (Metal) (iv) Design Rules of Thumb for Pressure
Surface Fans Surface fans typically operate between 1 to 2.5 kPa Some fans operate 3 to 4 kPa Higher pressures required when shaft or development costs are high Economic & leakage issues associated with higher pressures Underground Pressure Differentials Frictional air losses in mine workings usually very much less than primary ventilation shafts
Optimise Alternatives
There are a number of viable alternative ventilation system configurations a design engineer may employ to maintain the safety, integrity and efficiency of a main ventilation system. These may include,
the upgrade of existing main fan(s); the installation of new main surface fan(s); the maintenance and/or sealing of major leakage paths to reduce air leakage; the installation (or removal) of booster fans or regulating doors; the provision of additional surface connections and the development of new trunk airways.
Computer Software
There are many computer-based tools available today to assist mine ventilation engineers in design and planning of mine ventilation system,
VNETPC (MVS Inc. USA), Ventsim(Ventsim, Australia) VUMA (COMRO/BBE, South Africa).
These tools may be used in conjunction with theoretical design and/or ventilation survey data to achieve safe and economic ventilation solutions.
VUMA: Analysis