DESIGN OF STAIR SPANNING HORIZONTALLY

In this type of stair, the effective span is the horizontal distance between center to center of
support. Each step is design as spanning horizontally. Eachstep is considered equivalent to
R2+T2
horizontal beam of width b=
measured parrallel to slope of stair , and an
effective depth D/2 , as shown in fig.1. Main reinforcement, provided in the direction of span,
The distribution reinforcement, provided inform of 6 mm diameter bars at 30 cm c/c is
normally adequate.
Horizontal Span of stair case

1.25

mtr

1250 mm

Risers

0.15

mtr

150 mm

Treads

0.25

mtr

250 mm

Conrete

M-

20

Steel

fy-

415

Nominal cover

25

Effective cover

30

Reinforcement
Main Top

16

mm F

Bars Required=

#REF!

Nos.

Anchor bars (Bottom )

mm F

Bars Required=

Nos.

Strirrups

mm F

spacing

#REF!

mm

Nominal Cover

25

mm

Effective Cover

30

mm

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

c/c

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

DESIGN OF STAIR SPANNING HORIZONTALLY

Horizontal Span of stair case
1.25 mtr
Risers
0.15 mtr
Treads
0.25
Conrete
M- M- 20
2
Steel
fy- fy- 415 N/mm
Nominal cover
25 mm
Effective cover
30 mm
1 Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars

sst =
scbc =
m

Cocrete M =

= 230 N/mm2
N/mm3
=
7
= 13.33
m*c

k=

m*c+sst
j=1-k/3 =
1
R=1/2xc x j x k
= 0.5

1250 mm
150 mm
250 mm

20

wt. of concrete

2
= 25000 N/mm

x
7

= 0.289

13.33
13.33 x

0.289

0.904

7
+

230

= 0.904
x 0.289 =

0.9130

2 Step dimension:\

R
"=
= R2 +T2 =

Let us keep waist thicness =

150 mm
2
+ 250
150

80 mm

T
2

"=

250 mm

292 mm

80

80

208

250
1000

x 25000 =

469

####

584

N/m

70

N/m

Total =

1123

N/M

750

N/m

Total =

1873

N/M

Hence the effective depth of equivalent beam =D/2

RT
150
2

/
b
=
x 250
= 208
mm
292
= 104 mm span L 1.25 mtr

3 Loading and B.M. Each step span horizontally:1

2
80
Dead load of waist =
1000

Dead load of each step per meter=

x
x

150
1000
292
1000

Laoding of finishing

Live load @
M

N/m2

3000

wL2
8

L.S.

1873 x(
8

250
1000
1.25

)2

'=

3000

366

N-m or

N/m

366000

N-mm

4 Design of section :Effective depth

required =

Rxb

366000

0.913 x

292

366000
230 x
0.904 x 104
2
using 8 mm bars
A
= 3.14xdia
4 x100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A =
17 /
50
Hence Provided
8
mm F bar, @c/c
Ast =

BM x 100
sst x j x D

37

mm

16.93

mm2

=
=
=

But
104 mm
available=

3.14 x
8
x 8
4
x 100
0.34
say
=
1
300 mm (maximum)

=
No.

50

mm2

DESIGN OF STAIR SPANNING HORIZONTALLY

wall

1.25

Str
ing

er
B

ea
m

Main reinforcement
Section x x

NTALLY

VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio

M-15
18.67

M-20
13.33

M-25
10.98

M-30
9.33

M-35
8.11

M-40
7.18

scbc N/mm2
m scbc

8.5

10

11.5

13

(a) sst =
140
N/mm2
(Fe 250)

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

93.33

kc

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

jc

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

0.867

Rc

0.867

1.214

1.474

1.734

1.994

2.254

Pc (%)

0.714

1.214

1.429

1.643

1.857

kc

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.329

0.89

0.89

0.89

0.89

Rc

0.89
0.732

0.89
1.025

1.244

1.464

1.684

1.903

Pc (%)

0.433

0.606

0.736

0.866

0.997

1.127

kc

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

0.289

jc

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

0.904

(b) sst =
190
N/mm2
(c ) sst =
230
N/mm2
(Fe 415)
(d) sst =
275
N/mm2
(Fe 500)

jc

Rc

0.653

0.914

1.11

1.306

1.502

1.698

Pc (%)

0.314

0.44

0.534

0.628

0.722

0.816

kc

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

0.253

jc

0.916

0.916

0.916

0.914

0.916

0.916

Rc

0.579

0.811

0.985

1.159

1.332

1.506

Pc (%)

0.23

0.322

0.391

0.46

0.53

0.599

Permissible shear stress Table tv in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As
bd
< 0.15
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00 and above

Permissible shear stress in concrete

M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.2
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.44
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.44
0.49
0.51
0.53
0.44
0.51
0.53
0.55
0.44
0.51
0.55
0.57
0.44
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.44
0.51
0.57
0.6

tv N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.2
0.2
0.23
0.23
0.31
0.32
0.37
0.38
0.42
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.60
0.62
0.62
0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete

tc.max

M-15
1.6

M-20
1.8

M-25
1.9

M-30
2.2

M-35
2.3

M-40
2.5

Grade of concrete

Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete
2
tbd (N / mm )

M-10
--

M-15
0.6

M-20
0.8

M-25
0.9

M-30
1

M-35
1.1

M-40
1.2

M-45
1.3

Development Length in tension

Grade of
concrete

Plain M.S. Bars

tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F

H.Y.S.D. Bars
tbd (N / mm2)
kd = Ld F

M 15

0.6

58

0.96

60

M 20

0.8

44

1.28

45

M 25

0.9

39

1.44

40

M 30

35

1.6

36

M 35

1.1

32

1.76

33

M 40

1.2

29

1.92

30

M 45

1.3

27

2.08

28

M 50

1.4

25

2.24

26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of
concrete
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for

2
Bending acbc
plain bars in tention (N/mm )
Direct (acc)
(N/mm2)
3.0
5.0
7.0
8.5
10.0
11.5
13.0
14.5
16.0

Kg/m2
300
500
700
850
1000
1150
1300
1450
1600

(N/mm2)
2.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0

Kg/m2
250
400
500
600
800
900
1000
1100
1200

(N/mm2)
-0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

in kg/m2
-60
80
90
100
110
120
130
140

6-2000)
M-50
1.4