CHE 324 Fluid and Particle Processes

Assignment

(Due date: 28/4/2014) (Students can be grouped up to MAX of four only) NOTE: Make valid assumptions and assume missing data, if any and make necessary unit conversions

29th March 2014

1. A natural gas processing plant decided to transfer the methane gas at a pressure of 300 psia and a flow rate of 55000 ft3 per minute through a 4 km long uninsulated commercial steel pipeline into a storage tank at 30 psia. What is the suitable diameter of pipe would you recommend? T1 = 150 oC, = 0.02 cP . 2. Propane is to be supplied through a wrought iron pipeline at a line temperature of 22 C. The stand measurement conditions (ie. NOT actual line conditions) are 15 C and 1 atm. (a) For a flow rate under standard conditions of 600,000 m3/day, if the downstream pressure is 660 kPa, what is the pressure 5 km upstream in a 300 mm diameter pipeline? (b) If the upstream pressure is to be no less than 850 kPa, what is the required pipe diameter? (c) If the upstream pressure is to be 850 kPa, what upstream pressure is required to handle 600,000 m3/day in the 300 mm diameter pipeline? (viscosity of propane: 9 x10-6 Pa s) . 3. A horizontal steel pipe (D=12 mm) is used to conduct CO2 gas. The gas enters the pipe through a rounded entrance at a pressure of 6 atm, a temperature of 120 C, and a velocity of 35 m/s. (a) what is the maximum possible length of the pipe? (b) What is the pressure and stagnation temperature of the gas at the end of the pipe at maximum length? Assume adiabatic flow. For CO2, = 1.33, = 0.019 cP and M =44.0. 4. A flow consists of air and water is flowing at flow rate of 5 m3/s and 1.5 m3/s along a commercial steel horizontal pipe (inside diameter di = 0.02 m). The pipeline entry temperature and pressure is 30oC and 200kPa respectively and at steady state isothermal condition. However, it was found that the density for both phases drops 15% from the initial values in a 5 m length. Calculate the mass flux for both phases. What would be the possible flow pattern and the pressure gradient of the two-phase flow? (Assume separated flow model).

5. A mixture of carbon dioxide gas and carbonate solution flows to a separating vessel through a vertical pipe with 100 mm diameter. The liquid and gas flows are 20 kg/s and 0.5 kg/s respectively. At a temperature of 100 C, an upstream pressure of 400 kPa and downstream pressure of 130 kPa, Estimate: the two-phase pressure gradients at each end of the pipe. If the average pressure gradient is used to estimate the overall pressure drop, is this pressure drop consistent with a pipe length of 50 m? Solution density = 1220 kg/m3 and viscosity = 0.5 x 10-3 Pa s. 6. A mixture of carbon dioxide gas and carbonate solution flows to a separating vessel through a 50 m length of 100 mm horizontal pipe. At a temperature of 100 oC and liquid and gas flows of 25 kg/s and 1.5 kg/s, respectively, estimate the upstream pressure in the pipe if the pressure at the separating vessel is 145 kPa. (Solution density: 1220 kg/m3, solution viscosity: 0.5x10-3 Pa s). 7. Water is flowing at a rate of 700 gallons per minute (gpm) through a horizontal 6 in. sch 80 commercial steel pipe at 90oF. If the pressure drops by 2.23psi over a 100ft length of pipe: a) What is the value of Reynolds number? b) What is the magnitude of pipe wall roughness? c) How much driving force (i.e. pressure difference) would be required to move the water at this flow rate through 100 km of pipe if it were made of cast iron? d) What is the size (pipe diameter) of commercial steel pipe would required to transport the water at the same flow rate over the same distance if the pressure drop is the static head in water tower 175ft above the pipe? 8. i) Explain the term Stokes flow and terminal velocity. ii) Show that the terminal velocity of a spherical particle with stokes flow is given by the formula: u = d2g(s - f)/18. Then show that CD=24/Re iii) A glass sphere of diameter 1.5 mm and density 2 500 kg/m3 is allowed to fall through water under the action of gravity. The density of the water is 1000 kg/m3 and the dynamic viscosity is 1 cP. Calculate the terminal velocity.