CASE STUDY

On 16th June 2014, six of us have decided to make a site visit at Hupsin DYEING Enterprise Sdn. Bhd which is located at 2 Miles, Lot 1224, Jalan Minyak Beku, 83000 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. There, we have been welcome by Mr Ah Fatt the assistant manager at the factory. There are several issue that has been discuss ; about high consumption of water and chemicals, air pollution and water pollution, safety of the workers and how they treat the excessive water. As the result of this problem, we have several solution to overcome and prevent the problem from become more worsen. Textile industry can be classified into three categories such Organza, Polyester, Viscose, Linen and Chiffon depending upon the used raw materials. This kind of fabric is sent from another company and these manufactures have to dye it into the request colored. At present, the dyes are mainly aromatic and heterocyclic compounds, with color-display groups and polar groups. The structure is more complicated and stable, resulting in greater difficulty to degrade the printing and dyeing wastewater. Therefore, understanding and developing effective printingdye industrial wastewater treatment technology is environmentally important. In this factory, we have been introduce the step by step on how the fabric been dyeing. Pre-treatment of the dyeing fabric is includes desizing, scouring, washing, and other processes. Dyeing mainly aims at dissolving the dye in water, which will be transferred to the fabric to produce colored fabric under certain conditions. In dyeing, color is applied in the form of solutions. In the textile dyeing industry, bleaching is an important process. It has three technologies but sodium hypochlorite bleaching and sodium chlorite bleaching are the most commonly used processes. There are several partition in dyeing a fabric. First we have dyeing machine, then washing machine for spinning, steam machine for drying and finishing machine for packaging. After the fabric being count, it will be inserting into a dyeing machine that have been mix with a chemical and dye colour. For a few hours it then will be inserted into a washing machine that will spin and squeezing the water from the fabric. Stream machine will be used to dry out the fabric using a steaming method and they will package the requested length by another company after measure the length by using packaging machine. To save the energy and cost, this factory is using a burning of woods in order to save electricity. Most of the machine is working base on the steam water that has been produce by fire burning. And to save the water, they are using the water from the river and their own well. The textile dyeing industry consumes large quantities of water and produces large volumes of wastewater from different steps in the dyeing and finishing processes.

This manufacture also has shown us how they treat their waste of water. Wastewater from printing and dyeing units is often rich in color, containing residues of reactive dyes and chemicals, such as complex components, many aerosols, high chrome, high COD and BOD concentration as well as much more hard-degradation materials. From the beginning, they have providing 6 tanks in order to process the waste water before release it into the river. For regulating tank, the chemical water is being channel and collected here. At coagulation tank, the chemical is inserted to treat the water. They are using Alum, Sulphuric Acid and PCA. At sedimentation tank colour of the water will be removing by using colour remover. Its depending on the quantity of the colour remover. If more colour remover is being used, the more intensity for the colourless water. After treatment of water, the sludge that settles after treatment will be left through the drainage and drained under the sun. The dried sludge will be brought to Negeri Sembilan for dispose.