Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CHEM 641
Definition of bioenergetics:
Quantitative study of energy transductions, from one
form into another, in living cells. Also the chemical
reactions underlying these transductions.
The laws of thermodynamics
Bioenergetics obey the Laws of Thermodynamics
The order produced within cells as they grow and divide is more
than compensated for by the disorder they create in their
surroundings. Living organism preserve their internal order by taking
from surroundings free energy in the form of nutrients or sunlight,
and returning to their surroundings energy as heat and entropy.
The Gibbs free-energy in biological system
aA + bB ! cC + dD
Keq, equilibrium constant
Keq = [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b
!G represents the driving force that move a
reaction system to equilibrium.
!Go standard free-energy change
!G´o standard transformed free-energy
change
Equilibrium constant and standard free-
energy change
•! !G’o= - RT lnKeq’
•! R=8.315 J/mol•K T=298 K
•! At 25 degree, RT=2.478 kJ/mol
•! !G = !G’o + RT ln ([C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b)
•! !G = !G’o + RT ln Q
•! Q is mass-action ratio