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    Ephesians, Volume 42
    Ephesians, Volume 42
    Ephesians, Volume 42
    Ebook1,373 pages21 hours

    Ephesians, Volume 42

    By Dr. Andrew T. Lincoln

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    The Word Biblical Commentary delivers the best in biblical scholarship, from the leading scholars of our day who share a commitment to Scripture as divine revelation. This series emphasizes a thorough analysis of textual, linguistic, structural, and theological evidence. The result is judicious and balanced insight into the meanings of the text in the framework of biblical theology. These widely acclaimed commentaries serve as exceptional resources for the professional theologian and instructor, the seminary or university student, the working minister, and everyone concerned with building theological understanding from a solid base of biblical scholarship.

    Overview of Commentary Organization

    • Introduction—covers issues pertaining to the whole book, including context, date, authorship, composition, interpretive issues, purpose, and theology.
    • Each section of the commentary includes:
    • Pericope Bibliography—a helpful resource containing the most important works that pertain to each particular pericope.
    • Translation—the author’s own translation of the biblical text, reflecting the end result of exegesis and attending to Hebrew and Greek idiomatic usage of words, phrases, and tenses, yet in reasonably good English.
    • Notes—the author’s notes to the translation that address any textual variants, grammatical forms, syntactical constructions, basic meanings of words, and problems of translation.
    • Form/Structure/Setting—a discussion of redaction, genre, sources, and tradition as they concern the origin of the pericope, its canonical form, and its relation to the biblical and extra-biblical contexts in order to illuminate the structure and character of the pericope. Rhetorical or compositional features important to understanding the passage are also introduced here.
    • Comment—verse-by-verse interpretation of the text and dialogue with other interpreters, engaging with current opinion and scholarly research.
    • Explanation—brings together all the results of the discussion in previous sections to expose the meaning and intention of the text at several levels: (1) within the context of the book itself; (2) its meaning in the OT or NT; (3) its place in the entire canon; (4) theological relevance to broader OT or NT issues.
      • General Bibliography—occurring at the end of each volume, this extensive bibliographycontains all sources used anywhere in the commentary.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherZondervan
    Release dateDec 12, 2017
    ISBN9780310586340
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    • 3/5
      Lincoln doesn't believe in Pauline authorship--something that alerts me from the start about this person's view of the Scripture. But, you don't have to agree with all the assumptions of a commentator in order to benefit from his analysis of the text.That given, Lincoln was a considerable help for the particularly difficult passages I wasn't able to figure out from Hoehner and O'Brien. I would recommend those two before this Lincoln.

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    Book preview

    Ephesians, Volume 42 - Dr. Andrew T. Lincoln

    Editorial Board

    Old Testament Editor: Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford (2011–)

    New Testament Editor: Peter H. Davids (2013–)

    Past Editors

    General Editors

    Ralph P. Martin (2012–2013)

    Bruce M. Metzger (1997–2007)

    David A. Hubbard (1977–1996)

    Glenn W. Barker (1977–1984)

    Old Testament Editors:

    John D. W. Watts (1977–2011)

    James W. Watts (1997–2011)

    New Testament Editors:

    Ralph P. Martin (1977–2012)

    Lynn Allan Losie (1997–2013)

    Volumes

    *forthcoming as of 2014

    **in revision as of 2014

    Word Biblical Commentary

    Volume 42

    Ephesians

    Andrew T. Lincoln

    General Editors: Bruce M. Metzger, David A. Hubbard, Glenn W. Barker

    Old Testament Editors: John D. W. Watts, James W. Watts

    New Testament Editors: Ralph P. Martin, Lynn Allan Losie

    ZONDERVAN

    Ephesians, Volume 42

    Copyright © 1990 by Thomas Nelson, Inc.

    Previously published as Ephesians.

    Formerly published by Thomas Nelson, now published by Zondervan, a division of HarperCollinsChristian Publishing.

    Requests for information should be addressed to:

    Zondervan, 3900 Sparks Dr. SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546

    ePub Edition November 2017: 978-0-310-58634-0

    The Library of Congress has cataloged the original edition as follows:

    Library of Congress Control Number: 2005295211

    The author’s own translation of the text appears in italic type under the heading Translation, as well as in brief Scripture quotations in the body of the commentary, except where otherwise indicated.

    All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher.

    For David and Paul

    εἰς ἂνδρα τέλειον (Eph 4:13)

    Table of Contents

    Editorial Preface

    Author’s Preface

    Abbreviations

    Main Bibliography

    Introduction

    1. Content/Structure/Genre/Style

    2. Relation to Colossians and the Rest of the Pauline Corpus

    3. Authorship/Pseudonymity/Canon

    4. Setting and Purposes

    5. The Thought of Ephesians

    Commentary

    Prescript (1:1, 2)

    Blessing of God for His Salvation in Christ (1:3–14)

    Thanksgiving with Prayer for Believers’ Knowledge of God and Their Awareness of the Church’s Significance (1:15–23)

    God’s Gracious Salvation as Resurrection and Exaltation with Christ (2:1–10)

    The Gaining of the Gentiles’ Privileges of Participation in God’s New Temple Through Christ’s Reconciliation (2:11–22)

    Paul as Minister of the Mystery to the Gentiles (3:1–13)

    Further Prayer—for the Completeness of the Readers’ Experience of God—with Doxology (3:14–21)

    The Church’s Calling to Maintenance of the Unity It Already Possesses (4:1–16)

    Exhortation to Live According to the New Humanity Rather Than the Old (4:17–24)

    Practical Injunctions About the Old and New Life (4:25–5:2)

    From Darkness to Light (5:3–14)

    Wise and Spirit-Filled Living (5:15–20)

    Household Relationships—Wives and Husbands (5:21–33)

    Household Relationships—Children and Parents (6:1–4)

    Household Relationships—Slaves and Masters (6:5–9)

    Concluding Appeal to Stand Firm in the Battle Against Spiritual Powers (6:10–20)

    Postscript (6:21–24)

    Indexes

    Editorial Preface

    The launching of the Word Biblical Commentary brings to fulfillment an enterprise of several years’ planning. The publishers and the members of the editorial board met in 1977 to explore the possibility of a new commentary on the books of the Bible that would incorporate several distinctive features. Prospective readers of these volumes are entitled to know what such features were intended to be; whether the aims of the commentary have been fully achieved time alone will tell.

    First, we have tried to cast a wide net to include as contributors a number of scholars from around the world who not only share our aims, but are in the main engaged in the ministry of teaching in university, college, and seminary. They represent a rich diversity of denominational allegiance. The broad stance of our contributors can rightly be called evangelical, and this term is to be understood in its positive, historic sense of a commitment to Scripture as divine revelation, and to the truth and power of the Christian gospel.

    Then, the commentaries in our series are all commissioned and written for the purpose of inclusion in the Word Biblical Commentary. Unlike several of our distinguished counterparts in the field of commentary writing, there are no translated works, originally written in a non-English language. Also, our commentators were asked to prepare their own rendering of the original biblical text and to use those languages as the basis of their own comments and exegesis. What may be claimed as distinctive with this series is that it is based on the biblical languages, yet it seeks to make the technical and scholarly approach to a theological understanding of Scripture understandable by—and useful to—the fledgling student, the working minister, and colleagues in the guild of professional scholars and teachers as well.

    Finally, a word must be said about the format of the series. The layout, in clearly defined sections, has been consciously devised to assist readers at different levels. Those wishing to learn about the textual witnesses on which the translation is offered are invited to consult the section headed Notes. If the readers’ concern is with the state of modern scholarship on any given portion of Scripture, they should turn to the sections on Bibliography and Form/Structure/Setting. For a clear exposition of the passage’s meaning and its relevance to the ongoing biblical revelation, the Comment and concluding Explanation are designed expressly to meet that need. There is therefore something for everyone who may pick up and use these volumes.

    If these aims come anywhere near realization, the intention of the editors will have been met, and the labor of our team of contributors rewarded.

    General Editors: David A. Hubbard

    Glenn W. Barker*

    Old Testament: John D. W. Watts

    New Testament: Ralph P. Martin

    Author’s Preface

    The letter to the Ephesians, with its lofty themes and lofty language, has evoked equally lofty praise. While few would indulge in the extravagance of praising it as the divinest composition of man (cf. S. T. Coleridge, Table Talk, May 25, 1830, in Specimens of the Table Talk of the Late Samuel Taylor Coleridge, ed. H. N. Coleridge [London, 1835] 88), many more would be prepared to agree that it is the crown of Paulinism (cf. C. H. Dodd, Ephesians, The Abingdon Bible Commentary, ed. F. C. Eiselen, E. Lewis, and D. G. Downey [New York: Abingdon, 1928] 122–25). Others, however, have not found Ephesians so congenial. Some, though sympathetic to its message, struggle with its apparently turgid style and abstract truths (cf., e.g., W. Sanday and A. Headlam, Romans [Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1895] 1v); others see its emphasis on the Church as a distortion of Paul’s thought which, they believe, may well need reversing rather than ratifying (cf., e.g., E. Käsemann, Perspectives on Paul [ET; London: SCM, 1971] 120–21), while one scholar, because of the difficulties surrounding the purpose of the letter, depicts it as the Waterloo of commentators (cf. E. J. Goodspeed, The Meaning of Ephesians [Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1933] 15).

    My own theologically oriented assessment of the letter’s impact will be found in the final brief comments of the Introduction. But commentators’ feelings about and assessments of the text on which they have worked are inevitably colored by their own circumstances. I have experienced both the attractions and the difficulties of Ephesians, and at the same time the process of writing about them has had its peaks and troughs. The commission to write this commentary has accompanied me through a transatlantic move from an American seminary to the quite different demands of an English theological college, and through a further move to a British university. It has also accompanied me through an extended period of domestic trauma. To take up the language of the epistle, the work on the commentary has had its times of being exhilarated by the exposure to the heavenlies and its times of battling it out in the evil days. During the latter I have indeed wondered whether I had met my Waterloo!

    I am grateful, therefore, to the editor, Professor R. P. Martin, for his trust in and encouragement of my contribution to the series, and for his patience with my mismanagement of career moves, each of which meant missing out on extended sabbatical leaves which could have been devoted to the completion of this project. The pleasure of having the editor as a colleague in Sheffield during the last eighteen months has also acted as a spur to finishing the writing. Ephesians’ style of writing can be contagious. I am grateful, therefore, also to J. Christopher Thomas, whose reading of the rough draft of the commentary has, in particular, spared readers from having too many lengthy sentences inflicted on them.

    My completion of the latter stages of the work owes much to the friendship and love of Carol, to whom and for whom I am thankful.

    Of the many writings on Ephesians which have contributed to this commentary, I am indebted most to three other commentaries—to the older English commentary by J. A. Robinson for its lucid syntactical and exegetical insights, and to the more recent commentaries by two German Catholic scholars, J. Gnilka and R. Schnackenburg, for their thorough discussions of the concepts of the letter in their first-century setting. As far as my own contribution is concerned, I shall be pleased if, as well as helping the reader to think the writer’s thoughts after him, and thereby to be in a better position to interact with those thoughts, this commentary is able to demonstrate the value of keeping an eye on the rhetorical purpose of the flow of thought. I hope, too, that for some readers it will become evident that a decision in favor of a post-Pauline setting in no way diminishes and may well, in fact, enhance the value of the letter’s message for the Church.

    In comparison with those in some of the other volumes in this series, the Explanation sections in this commentary are longer. In them I have attempted to provide the reader with the fruit of the more detailed earlier sections and to pick out the particular theological emphases of each passage. I trust that the ability to read through the Explanations in order to gain relatively quickly an understanding of the thrust of particular passages and a sense of the overall flow of thought in the letter will compensate for the small degree of repetition that is involved.

    ANDREW T. LINCOLN

    Sheffield, England.

    February, 1990.

    Abbreviations

    A. General Abbreviations

    Note: The textual notes and numbers used to indicate individual manuscripts are those found in the apparatus criticus of Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. E. Nestle and K. Aland et al. (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1979²⁶). This edition of the Greek New Testament is the basis for the Translation sections.

    B. Abbreviations for Translations and Paraphrases

    C. Abbreviations of Commonly Used Periodicals, Reference Works, and Serials

    D. Abbreviations for Books of the Bible, the Apocrypha, and the Pseudepigrapha

    Old Testament

    New Testament

    Apocrypha

    E. Abbreviations of the Names of Pseudepigraphical and Early patristic Books

    F. Abbreviations of Names of Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts

    G. Abbreviations of Targumic Material

    *optional title

    H. Abbreviations of Other Rabbinic Works

    I. Abbreviations of Orders and Tractates in Mishnaic and Related Literature

    J. Abbreviations of Nag Hammadi Tractates

    Main Bibliography

    Commentaries

    Abbott, T. K. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistles to the Ephesians and to the Colossians. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1897.

    Allan, J. A. The Epistle to the Ephesians. London: SCM, 1959.

    Barth, M. Ephesians. 2 vols. New York: Doubleday, 1974.

    Beare, F. W. Ephesians. In The Interpreter’s Bible, Vol. 10. Nashville: Abingdon, 1953, 597–749.

    Beet, J. A. A Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistles to the Ephesians, Philippians, and Colossians. 3rd ed. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1902.

    Bengel, J. A. Ephesians. In Bengel’s New Testament Commentaries. Vol. 2. Tr. C. T. Lewis and M. R. Vincent. Reprint Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1981.

    Benoit, P. Les Épîtres de Saint Paul aux Philippiens, à Philemon, aux Colossiens, aux Éphésiens. Paris: du Cerf, 1959.

    Bruce, F. F. The Epistle to the Ephesians. London: Pickering and Inglis, 1961.

    ———. The Epistles to the Colossians, to Philemon, and to the Ephesians. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984.

    Caird, G. B. Paul’s Letters from Prison. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976.

    Calvin, J. Commentaries on the Epistles of Paul to the Galatians and Ephesians. Tr. W. Pringle. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1854.

    Chadwick, H. Ephesians. In Peake’s Commentary on the Bible, ed. M. Black and H. H. Rowley. London: Nelson, 1962, 980–84.

    Chrysostom, J. Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, and Homilies on the Epistle to the Ephesians. Oxford: J. H. Parker, 1845.

    Conzelmann, H. Der Brief an die Epheser. In Die Briefe an die Galater, Epheser, Philipper, Kolosser, Thessalonicher und Philemon, ed. J. Becker, H. Conzelmann, and G. Friedrich. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1976, 86–124.

    Dahl, N. A. Ephesians. Harper’s Bible Commentary, ed. J. L. Mays. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1988, 1212–19.

    ———. et al. Kurze Auslegung des Epheserbriefes. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1965.

    Dale, R. W. The Epistle to the Ephesians. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1901.

    Dibelius, M., and Greeven, H. An die Kolosser, Epheser, an Philemon. Tübingen: Mohr, 1953.

    Eadie, J. A. A Commentary on the Greek Text of the Epistle of Paul to the Ephesians. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1883.

    Ernst, J. Die Briefe an die Philipper, an Philemon, an die Kolosser, an die Epheser. Regensburg: F. Pustet, 1974.

    Ewald, P. Die Briefe des Paulus an die Epheser, Kolosser und Philemon. 2nd ed. Leipzig: Deichert, 1910.

    Foulkes, F. The Epistle of Paul to the Ephesians. London: Tyndale Press, 1963.

    Gaugler, E. Der Epheserbrief. Zurich: EVZ, 1966.

    Gnilka, J. Der Epheserbrief. Freiburg: Herder, 1971.

    ———. Der Kolosserbrief. Freiburg: Herder, 1980.

    Haupt, E. Die Gefangenschaftsbriefe. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1902.

    Hendriksen, W. Ephesians. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1967.

    Henle, F. A. Der Epheserbrief des heiligen Apostels Paulus. Augsburg, 1908.

    Hodge, C. Commentary on the Epistle to the Ephesians. London: James Nisbet, 1876.

    Houlden, J. L. Paul’s Letters from Prison. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970.

    Hugedé, N. L’Épitre aux Éphésiens. Geneva: Labor et Fides, 1973.

    Johnston, G. Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon. London: Nelson, 1967.

    Lightfoot, J. B. St. Paul’s Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon. London: Macmillan, 1879.

    Lindemann, A. Der Epheserbrief. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag, 1985.

    Lock, W. The Epistle to the Ephesians. London: Methuen, 1929.

    Lohse, E. Colossians and Philemon. Tr. W. R. Poehlmann and R. J. Karris. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1971.

    Martin, R. P. Colossians and Philemon. London: Oliphants, 1974.

    ———. Ephesians. In Broadman Bible Commentary. Vol. 11. Nashville: Broadman, 1971, 125–77.

    Masson, C. L’Épître de Paul aux Éphésiens. Neuchâtel: Delachaux et Niestleé, 1953.

    Meinertz, M., and Tillmann, F. Die Gefangenschaftsbriefe. Bonn: Hanstein, 1931.

    Meyer, H. A. W. Critical and Exegetical Handbook to the Epistle to the Ephesians and the Epistle to Philemon. Tr. W. P. Dickson. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1880.

    Mitton, C. L. Ephesians. London: Oliphants, 1976.

    Moule, C. F. D. The Epistles of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and to Philemon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968.

    Moulton, H. K. Colossians, Philemon and Ephesians. London: Epworth, 1963.

    Mussner, F. Der Brief an die Epheser. Gütersloh: Gerd Mohn, 1982.

    O’Brien, P. T. Colossians, Philemon. WBC 44. Waco, TX: Word Books, 1982.

    Olshausen, H. Biblical Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistles to the Galatians, Ephesians, Colossians, and Thessalonians. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1851.

    Patzia, A. G. Colossians, Philemon, Ephesians. New York: Harper and Row, 1984.

    Pfammatter, J. Epheserbrief, Kolosserbrief. Würzburg: Echter Verlag, 1987.

    Robinson, J. A. St. Paul’s Epistle to the Ephesians. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan, 1904.

    Roon, A. van. De Brief van Paulus aan de Epheziers. Nijkerk: Callenbach, 1976.

    Salmond, S. D. F. The Epistle of Paul to the Ephesians. In Expositor’s Greek Testament. Vol. 3. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1903.

    Schlatter, A. Die Briefe an die Galater, Epheser, Kolosser und Philemon. Stuttgart: Calver, 1963.

    Schlier, H. Der Brief an die Epheser. Dusseldorf: Patmos, 1957.

    Schnackenburg, R. Der Brief an die Epheser. Zürich: Benzinger, 1982.

    Schweizer, E. The Letter to the Colossians. Tr. A. Chester. London: S.P.C.K., 1982.

    Scott, E. F. The Epistles to the Colossians, to Philemon, and to the Ephesians. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1930.

    Simpson, E. K., and Bruce, F. F. The Epistles of Paul to the Ephesians and to the Colossians. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1957.

    Soden, H. von. Die Briefe an die Kolosser, Epheser, Philemon; die Pastoralbriefe. Freiburg: Mohr, 1893.

    Staab, K. Die Gefangenschaftsbriefe. Regensburg: Pustet, 1959.

    Swain, L. Ephesians. Wilmington, DE: M. Glazier, 1980.

    Synge, F. C. St. Paul’s Epistle to the Ephesians. London: S.P.C.K., 1941.

    Taylor, W. F., and Reumann, J. H. P. Ephesians, Colossians. Minneapolis: Augsburg, 1975.

    Thompson, G. H. P. The Letters of Paul to the Ephesians, to the Colossians, and to Philemon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967.

    Westcott, B. F. St. Paul’s Epistle to the Ephesians. London: Macmillan, 1906.

    Wette, W. M. L. de. Kurze Erklärung der Briefe an die Colosser, an Philemon, an die Epheser und an die Philipper. Leipzig: Weidmann, 1843.

    Zerwick, M. Der Brief an die Epheser. Düsseldorf: Patmos, 1962.

    Monographs and Articles

    Adai, J. Der Heilige Geist als Gegenwart Gottes in den einzelnen Christen, in der Kirche und in der Welt. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1985.

    Albani, J. Die Metaphern des Epheserbriefes. ZWT 45 (1902) 420–40.

    Alexander, N. The Epistle for Today. FS W. Barclay, Biblical Studies, ed. J. R. McKay and J. F. Miller. London: Collins, 1976, 99–118.

    Allan, J. A. The ‘In Christ’ Formula in Ephesians. NTS 5 (1958–59) 54–62.

    Arnold, C. E. Ephesians: Power and Magic. Cambridge: CUP, 1989.

    Baker, N. L. Living the Dream: Ethics in Ephesians. SWJT 22 (1979) 39–55.

    Barth, M. The Broken Wall. London: Collins, 1960.

    ———. Conversion and Conversation: Israel and the Church in Paul’s Epistle to the Ephesians. Int 17 (1963) 3–24.

    ———. Die Einheit des Galater- und Epheserbriefs. TZ 32 (1976) 78–91.

    ———. Israel und die Kirche im Brief des Paulus an die Epheser. Munich: Kaiser, 1959.

    ———. Traditions in Ephesians. NTS 30 (1984) 3–25.

    Benoit, P. "Body, Head, and Pleroma in the Epistles of the Captivity." In Jesus and the Gospel. Vol. 2. Tr. B. Weatherhead. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1974, 51–92.

    ———. L’Horizon paulinien de l’Épître aux Éphésiens. RB 46 (1937) 342–61, 506–25.

    ———. Rapports littéraires entre les épîtres aux Colossiens et aux Éphésiens. In Neutestamentliche Aufsätze. FS J. Schmid, ed. J. Blinzler, O. Kuss, and F. Mussner. Regensburg: Pustet, 1963, 11–22.

    Best, E. One Body in Christ. London: S. P.C. K., 1955.

    ———. Recipients and Title of the Letter to the Ephesians: Why and When the Designation ‘Ephesians’? ANRW 2.25.4 (1987) 3247–79.

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    ———. Ephesians, Letter to the. IDBSup (1976) 268–69.

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    ———. Von der Ortsgemeinde zur Grosskirche—dargestellt an den Kirchenmodellen des Philipper- und Epheserbriefs. In Kirche im Werden, ed. J. Hainz. Munich: F. Schoningh, 1976, 123–42.

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    ———. Paränetische Traditionen im Epheserbrief. In Mélanges Bibliques. FS B. Rigaux, ed. A. Descamps and A. de Halleux. Gembloux: Duculot, 1970, 397–410.

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    ———. The Key to Ephesians. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956.

    ———. The Meaning of Ephesians. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1933.

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    ———. Ephesians and Acts. In Studies in Luke-Acts, ed. L. E. Keck and J. L. Martyn. London: S.P.C.K., 1968, 288–97.

    ———. Das Interpretationsproblem des Epheserbriefes. In Exegetische Versuche und Besinnungen. Vol. 2. 3rd ed. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1970, 253–61.

    ———. Leib and Leib Christi. Tübingen: Mohr, 1933.

    ———. Paulus und der Frühkatholizismus. ZTK 60 (1963) 75–89.

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    ———. Notes on Epistles of St. Paul. London: Macmillan, 1895.

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    ———. A Re-examination of ‘The Heavenlies’ in Ephesians. NTS 19 (1973) 468–83.

    ———. The Use of the OT in Ephesians. JSNT 14 (1982) 16–57.

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    ———. Reconciliation: A Study of Paul’s Theology. London: Marshall, 1981.

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    ———. The Epistle to the Ephesians. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1951.

    ———. The Relationship between 1 Peter and Ephesians. JTS 1 (1950) 67–73.

    Moir, I. A. The Text of Ephesians Exhibited by Minuscule Manuscripts Housed in Great Britain—Some Preliminary Comments. In Studies in New Testament Language and Text, ed. J. K. Elliott. Leiden: Brill, 1976, 313–18.

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    ———. Who Wrote Ephesians? TBT 18 (1965) 1201–9.

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    ———. Contributions Made by Qumran to the Understanding of the Epistle to the Ephesians. In Paul and Qumran, ed. J. Murphy-O’Connor. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1968, 159–78.

    ———. Die Geschichtstheologie des Epheserbriefes. BibLeb 5 (1964) 8–12.

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    ———. Die Probleme der Kolosser- und Epheserbriefe. Lund: Gleerup, 1946.

    ———. Zu den Problemen des Kolosser- und Epheserbriefes. ZNW 43 (1950–51) 178–94.

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    ———. Epheserbrief und gnostische Mysterien. ZNW 53 (1962) 160–94.

    ———. Soma Christou im Epheserbrief. EvT 20 (1960) 456–64.

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