HUMIDITY AND SATURATION

Nama

: Nyayu Aisyah

Kelas

: 3 EGA

18. An organic chemical must be dried in an atmosphere of hydrogen in a

vacuum type drier operating at 100 mm absolute pressure. The hydrogen
water vapor mixture leaves the drier at 80oF and 80% humidity. Calculate the
number of pounds of hydrogen required per pound of water evaporated.
19. The combustion products of hydrocarbon fuel burned with dry air leave the
furnace at 500oF. The average volumetric analysis of the dry gas is as follows
:
CO2

13.30%

CO

0.04

O2

2.66

N2

84.00
100.00%

The barometric pressure is 735 mm. Estimate the dew point of the stack gas.
20. Air at 80oF, 735 mm pressure and 60% humidity is compressed and the total
product is stored in a cylindrical tank 1 ft in diameter and 5 ft in height at
80oF and a pressure of 250 psi absolute. The air initially in the tank is the
same as intake to the compressor. Calculate the humidity of the air in the
cylinder and the weight of water condensed.
21. Air at 25oC, 740 mm Hg and 55% relative humidity is compressed to 10 atm.
(a) to what temperature must the gas-vapor mixture be cooled if 90% of water is
to be condensed?
(b) On the basis of 1 cu ft of original air, what will be the volume of the gas-vapor
mixture at 10 atm after cooling to the final temperature?

Answer :
18. Basis : 1.0 cu ft of mixture
Vapor pressure of water at 80oF ~ 26.6oC is 26 mm Hg
Pure component volume of vapor : 1.0 x 26 mm Hg

= 0.26 cu ft

100 mm Hg
Composition by volume :
Water vapor

26%

Hydrogen

74%

Vapor present

: 0.26 lb mole ~ 4.68 lb

Hydrogen present : 0.74 lb mole ~ 1.48 lb

Lb H2 required / lb water evaporated = 1.48 / 4.68 = 0.3162
19.
20. Vapor pressure of water
At 80oF ~ 26oC is 26 mm Hg
Intial partial pressure of water : 0.60 x 26

= 15.6 mm Hg

Initial molal humidity : 15.6 / (735 15.6)

= 0.0217

Final total pressure : 250 x 760 / 14.7

= 12925.17 mm Hg

Final molal humidity : 26 / (12925.17 26)

= 0.002015

Partial pressure of dry air = 735 15.6

= 719.4 mm Hg

Volume of product = volume of cylinder tank :

= ( d) (t) = x 3.14 x 1 ft x 5 ft
= 3.925 ft3
Mol of air : 3.925 / 395

= 0.011 lb moles

Water originally present : 0.011 x 0.0217

= 2.387 x 10-4 lbmole

Water finally present : 0.011 x 0.002015

= 2.2165 x 10-5 lbmole

Water condensed : 2.1654 x 10-4 lbmole ~ 3.897 x 10-3 lb

21.
(a) Basis : 1.0 lb mole of original mixture
Vapor pressure of water at 25oC = 24 mm Hg
Partial pressure of water : 24 mm Hg x 0,55

= 13.2 mm Hg

Water present : 13.2 / 740

= 0.01784 lb mole

Air present : 1- 0.01784

= 0.98216 lb mole

Water present in final mixture : 0.10 x 0.01784

= 0.001784 lb mole

Final mixture of air : 0.98216 + 0.001784

= 0.983944 lb mole

Mole % of water in final mixture : 0.001784 / 0.983944 = 0.1813%

Final pressure :
Pressure of water / 0.1813 = 10 atm
X / 0.1813 = 7600 mm Hg
X = 13.7 mm Hg
Temperature of water vapor at 13.7 mm Hg is 16.0 oC ( based on vaporpressure chart, page 84)
(b) Based on 1 cu ft original air. The volume of gas-vapor at 10 atm and 16.0oC is
V1 = 1 cu ft
P1 = 740 mm Hg
T1 = 25oC + 273 K = 298 K
P2 = 10 atm x 760 mm Hg = 7600 mm Hg
T2 = 16oC + 273 K = 289 K
The volume of gas-vapor is :
V2 = V1 x P1 x T2
P2 x T 1
= 1 cu ft x 740 mm Hg x 289 K
7600 mm Hg x 298 K
= 0.0944 cu ft