Faculty : Civil And Environment

Engineering
Page 01
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
1.0 OBJECTIVE
1.1 To observe the effect of redundant member in a structure and understand the
method of analysing type of this structure.
2.0 LEARNING OUTCOME
2.1 Aplication of engineering knowledge in practical aplication.
2.2 To enchance technical competency in structure engineering through
laboratory aplication.
3.0 THEORY
3.1 In a statically indeterminated truss, static equilibrium alone cannot be used
to calculated member force. If we were to try, we would find that there
would be too many unknows and we would not be able to complete the
calculations
3.2 Instead we will use a method know as the flexibility meethod, which uses
an idea know as strain energy.
3.3 The mathematical approach to the flexibility method will be found in the
most appropriate text books.
Figure 1 : Idealised Statically Indetermined cantilever Truss
Prepared by:
Name: Ahmad Zurisman bin Mohd Ali
Singnature:
Date:
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2
3 4
5 7
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F
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Faculty : Civil And Environment
Engineering
Page 02
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
Basically the flexibility method usues the idea that energy stored in the frame
would be the same for a given load wheather or not the redundant member whether
or not.
In other word, the external energy = internal energy.
In practise, the loads in the frame are calculated in its released from (that is,
without the redundant member) and then calculated with a unit load in place of the
redundant member. The value fo both are combined to calculate the force in the
redundant member and remaining members.
The redundant member load in given by:
P =

l n
fnl
2
The remaining member force are then given by:
Member force = Pn + f
Where,
P = Redundant member load (N)
L = length of members (as ratio of the shortest)
n = load in each member due to unit load in place of redundant
member (N)
F = Force in each member when the frame is release (N)
Figure 2 shows the force in the frame due to the load of 250 N. You should be able
to calculate these values from Experiment : Force in a statically determinate
truss
Figure 2: Force in the Released Truss
-250N
250N
250N -500N
0 354N 354N
F=250N
Faculty : Civil And Environment
Engineering
Page 03
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
Figure 3 shows the loads in the member due to the unit load being applied to the
frame.
The redundant member is effectively part of the structure as the idealised in
Figure 2
Figure 3: Forces in the Truss due to the load on the Redundant members
4.0 PROCEDURE
1. Wind the thimbwheel on the redundant member up to the boss and hand
tighten it. Do not use any tools totighten the thumbwheel.
2. Apply the pre-load of 100N downward, re-zero the load cell and carefully zero the
digital indicator.
3. Carefully apply a load of 250N and check the frame is stable and secure.
4. return the load to zero ( leaving the 100N preload). Recheck and re-zero the
digital indicator. Never apply loads greater than those specified on the
equipment.
5. Apply loads in the increment shown in table 1, recording the strain readings and
the digital indicator readings.
6. Substract the initial (zero) strain reading ( be careful with your signs) and
complete table 2.
7. Calculate the equipment member foce at 250 N and enter them into table 3.
8. Plot a graph of Load vs Deflection from Table 1 on the same axis as Load vs
deflection when the redundant removed.
9. The calculation for redundant truss is made much simpler and easier if the tabular
method is used tu sum up all of the Fnl and n
2
l terms.
10. Refer to table 4 and enter in the values and carefully calculated the other terms as
required.
11. Enter your result in to Table 3.
0
0
1
1
Faculty : Civil And Environment
Engineering
Page 04
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
5.0 RESULT
Member strains ()
Load
(N)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Digital
Indicator
reading (mm)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Table 1: Strain Reading and Frame Deflection
Member strains ()
Load
(N)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
50
100
150
200
250
Table 2 : True Strain Reading
Faculty : Civil And Environment
Engineering
Page 05
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
Member Experimental Force (N) Theoretical Force (N)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Table 3: Measured and Theoretical in the Redundant Cantilever Truss
Member Length F n Fnl n
2
l Pn Pn + f
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 1
5 1
6 1.414
7 1.414
8 1.414
Total
P = Total Fnl
Total n
2
l
Table 4: table for calculating the Forces in the Redundant Truss
Faculty : Civil And Environment
Engineering
Page 06
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Edition 2
Checking No
Title :
FORCE IN A STATICALLY
INDETERMINATE CANTILEVER
TRUSS
Effective Date 11/07/2005
Amendment
Date
5/7/2005
6.0 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
1. From table 3, compare your answer to the experimental values. Comment on
the accuracy of your result
..
..
..
..
..
2. Compare all of the member forces and the deflection to those from statically
determinate frame. Comment on them in terms of economy and safety of the
structure.
..
..
..
..
..
1. What problem could you for seen if you were to use a redundunt frame in
a real life aplicatioin. (Hint: look at the zero value for the strain reading
once you have included the redundant member by winding up thumnut).
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