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ILEX MEDIA SOLUTION PVT LTD

Summer Training
On
STP OF WEBSITE
Prepared by
Suman Chatterjee
MBA (2008-2010)
Roll No: B/08/74
Reg. No: 0806281090

Mr. D. S. Senapati (Internal Guide)


Mr. Animesh Mohapatra (External Guide)

Institute of Professional Studies & Research (IPSAR)


iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

DECLARATION

I do hereby indemnify my research work to be authentic and original in all respects of


the process carried out in this project under any evitable circumstances, if my project could be
scrutinized and screened which evades of copying; I am liable for any demarcation /variation of
marks Whatsoever my guide of this project deems fit.

Suman Chatterjee

Institute of Professional Studies & Research (IPSAR)

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to heart fully acknowledge my gratitude and thanks to all the panelists who
took active part in accomplishing my project.

To begin with, I would like to acknowledge my sincere thanks to Mr. Anemesh


Mohapatra (Manager) for providing me the opportunity to do my summer training in iLEX
Media Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

My heartfelt gratitude also goes to my Company guide Mr.Anemesh Mohapatra who


initiated a midas touch to all the queries and actually made the project possible by edge.

Thankfulness by its expression perhaps could not be compiled in a couplet and


mentioning all could be a recluse, yet I cannot wind up without the few without whom this
acknowledgement note would not be justified.

Suman Chatterjee

Institute of Professional Studies & Research


(IPSAR)

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

ABSTRACT

Title of the project: “STP OF WEBSITE”.

Name of the Organization: iLEX Media Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

Name of the Institute: Institute of Professional Studies & Research


(IPSAR)

Name of the guide:

Internal: Mr. D. S. Senapati

External: Mr. Animesh Mohapatra (Manager)

iLEX Media Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

Project Period: 29th June 09 TO 15th Aug 09

Major objective of the study:

 To know the market condition of the product.

 Elicit information for implementation of strategy for each segment.

 Proper representation of the market.

 Finding out the potential customer / segment.

 To give an information of hierarchy of preference.

 To find out which area / segment is beneficial for company.

 To find out the market segment in which there may be demand for the service in near
future?

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

Methodology: The study was qualitative in nature and based primarily on


consumers opinion survey.

Data source: Primary & Secondary.

Research Approach: Descriptive Data


(Survey Data & Observational & other data)

Research instruments: Well structured questionnaires comprising of Open and


close ended questions.

Sampling plan: All respondents surveyed were selected in Random order


and the same were taken from Cuttack.

Major findings:

 A direct analysis proves that a great percentage of people are aware of websites but
people’s perception about this is not to the expectation.

 It is found that newspapers & internet as a medium of advertisement, friends &relatives


& promotion procures a higher percentage in influencing a brain work in deciding
factors.

 It is seen that a higher class people prefer website designing and website creation as it
creates a status level to their organization and fastest way to reach the customers.

 It is also seen that SME’s are now preferring website creation & designing

 It is also found that people are still very reluctant to accept modernism and like to
continue with the conventional methodology of advertising.

 Many people from higher class also interested in creating personal website to create a
higher status in the society.

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Suggestions & recommendations:

 The service is not present in all the sectors significantly. So there is plenty of opportunity
for the website companies.

 Many organizations are present in the market but most of them are franchise or
branches. So there much difficulty arises regarding website survey.

 There are many potential customers are there in the market. So the website companies
can establish their market in Cuttack.

 Many of the customers didn’t know the concept & benefits of website. So the major
thing is to provide information and logic behind the website service.

 Many wrong interpretations are there in the market like website fraud, spam, and
greater influence of IT sector over website service. These wrong interpretations should
diminished by every website companies.

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

CONTENTS

Certificate
Declaration
Acknowledgement
Abstract

1.1: Industry Profile


iLEX Media solutions
---A profile of the Company
CHAPTER - 1
1.2: Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning
INTRODUCTION
1.3: website
--- A brief
1.4: Objective, scopes & limitations

CHAPTER - 2 2.1 Research Methodology


METHODOLOGY 2.2 Methods of collecting data

CHAPTER - 3 3.1- Quantification of organizations in different industries who are


aaahaving website
ANALYSIS 3.2- Analysis of those sectors who are having Website
&
FINDINGS 3.3- Analysis of those sectors who don’t have Website

4.1 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER - 4 4.2 RECOMMENDATION

APPENDICES Questionnaires
Bibliography

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

CHAPTER -1

INTRODUCTION

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

1.1 COMPANY

iLEX is a professional services firm that helps companies to leverage strategy, analytics
and technology to make better decisions. We specialize in identifying high impact problems and
opportunities where we can generate quick results, creating immediate and lasting value.
We use our strong base of research, analytical thinking and endless pursuit for creativity
and innovation, to develop solutions for our clients.

Our Focus Areas

Research and Advisory

Industry Research Service

iLEX's Industry Research Service (IRS) provides comprehensive analyses of various


industries & their dynamics towards assessing the growth potential and profitability in the
broad regulatory & policy environment.
Our services highlight specific aspects of the industry in detail, bound by the overall
objective of assessing the industry's attractiveness:

 Industry Structure
 Regulatory & Policy Environment
 Demand & Supply Dynamics
 Competition Analysis
 Risk & Financial Analysis
 Strategic Implication & Outlook

Customized Research Services

The Advisory team from iLEX works with Industry Associations, Government agencies,
Advisory firms and corporate to provide solutions to sector specific, business driven, and
company specific research questions. iLEX deploys an integrated analysis framework built on
the triad of economic research, financial analysis and sector expertise, and employs primary &
secondary sources to substantiate and validate the research hypothesis. The broad areas under
Customized Research Solutions are:

 Growth & Demand Assessment


 Market Penetration Strategy
 Market Development Strategy
 Product Development Strategy
 Diversification Strategy
 Competitive & Strategic Benchmarking

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Business Advisory Services

The SME Advisory Services (SMEAS) leverages iLEX longstanding experience of working
with SMEAS to provide them an integrated solution offering. SMEAS provides assistance to SME
businesses across their life cycle - from the point of idea generation to facilitating funding for
new products, and for businesses and related or unrelated business diversifications.

 SME Training and Development


 Process Improvement
 Financial Benchmarking
 Cost Reduction
 Business Plan Preparation
 Project Risk Assessment
 Valuation and Funding Support

Education and Training

Project Management and Implementation

From strategy to implementation to maintenance on a per project basis or as a fulltime


member of your team, regardless of your needs, ILEX can help you throughout your full project
lifecycle with consulting services designed specifically to suit your needs and requirements.

 University Affiliation
 New course launch
 Course feasibility Study
 Process Improvement
 Corporate relationship Management
 Vision Development
 Alumni Development Program
 Admissions/ Enrollment Management Studies
 Awareness and Image Studies

Technology based Skill Development

The Skill shortage in India showcases an opportunity to create innovative and


sustainable models for academia and industry. iLEX designs and deploys solutions to develop
students into a ready to use manpower for industries.
From infrastructure, resource utilization to capacity building, we undertake all projects
concerned with Skill Development Programmes.

 University and College Portals

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

 Educator Tools and Course Plans


 Training and Support
 College Management Systems
 Skill Development Programmes
 E-learning Services
 Online Admission Systems
 Industry Academia Interactions
 Academics Optimization
 College Management System
 Alumni Management System
 Faculty Management System
 Result Management System
 Placement Management System

Research Services

As the higher education market becomes more complex and more competitive, colleges
and universities have an increasing need for current, in-depth information about their
stakeholders and students. iLEX offers a variety of research solutions that can help institutions
of higher education develop plans and programs which respond to student needs, position
themselves to attract the students they want, and to keep graduates as active alumni.
We provide comprehensive, easy-to-use research and educational solutions to power high-
end research, K-12 learning, and increase student achievement at all levels.

 Alumni/ Development Studies


 Admissions/ Enrollment Management Studies
 Government Proposal Writing
 Awareness and Image Studies
 Employer Surveys
 Satisfaction Surveys

Technology led Brand Development

iLEX creates innovative ideas, builds brand names around it, and manages the platforms
enabling entertainment, information, trading opportunities around them. We work towards
building communities and enhancing participation opportunities in various mediums of
communication. The guiding principles in our ideas revolve around following factors;

 Building Digital Subscriber Base


 Growing Internet Businesses
 Maintaining Local Approach
 Providing Quality Service

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Board of Directors & Advisory

Dr Sanjay Seth
Dr Sanjay is an Associate Professor at the Graduate School of Business Science, Tsukuba
University besides doing MR consulting support work for research agencies around the world.
He has vast experience in the area of customer loyalty related modeling for American financial
companies, auto makers etc.

Prof Jagpal Singh


Former Senior Scientific Officer and Scientific Officer at IIT-Delhi. He has published 60
research papers and has developed economic concepts, development plans for India.

C Sendil Meiyappan
Sendil has earlier worked in Business Consulting with Deutsche Post World Net in
Germany. Prior to his Post Graduation, he had worked for 3.5 years with Henkel-Spic India Ltd
in Brand Management and Supply Chain.

Sendil holds a Bachelors degree in Commerce & a Post graduate Diploma in Marketing
Management from Loyola college, Chennai and did his MBA from SDA Bocconi School of
Management, Milan, Italy

Management Team

Sanjay Jadhav
Sanjay brings experience of 16 years in corporate Companies in Institutional design,
Public Policy. He has expertise in taxes, Economics of Infrastructure/ Service Industry.
Sanjay is B Tech (Mechanical Engineering) from IIT-Bombay and MBA (Operations
Management) from IIT- Kanpur.

Sumit Kanu
Sumit has consulting experience with Indian/ international corporate houses like in the
field of concept planning, retail roll outs, organizational structure planning, consumer/market
research and business development.
Sumit is B.E. (Industrial and Production Engineering) from Delhi College of Engineering.

Manish Prasad
Manish has advised several large financial services clients in USA. His primary
areas of expertise are IT infrastructure strategy and management of corporate IT functions.
Manish holds a B.E. in Electronics Engineering from the Delhi College of Engineering,
India and an MBA from the Wright State University, USA.

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Products

Vaktvya
Vaktvya serves the online data collection needs of the
companies in various industries and help companies by
gathering consumer feedback. With Vaktvya we provide
consumers with the ability to voice their opinions by
participating in online research surveys and focus groups.
We also provide Industry Sector Insights and Innovative Research Solutions to many leading
companies across the world.
For more details<www.vaktvya.com>

I-Network
I-Network empowers organizations to increase their employee
engagements and customer loyalty by providing result oriented
instruments. It provides an integrated human resource solution
for the companies.
We use I-Network to provide our client companies with the data
to enhance organizational effectiveness.
For more details<<i-network.vaktvya.com>>

Nri Voice
This networking and communication application offers a platform
to Nri’s to voice their opinion and concerns regarding Indian
scenarios. Ilex team conceptualized, developed and deployed the
technology interface for its client.

For more details <www.nrivoice.org>

Gyantaru
Gyantaru is an integrated platform that offers the best e-learning
contents, quality teachers, flexible quizzes and innovative study
groups at just one place. For more details<www.gyantaru.com>

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

Partners
Ilex has been fortunate to associate itself with various eminent bodies of great repute
and credibility at such a nascent stage of inception. We constantly endeavor to strive hard in
shaping a better future.

• Bharat Shodh
• ICHA
• Leaff Foundation
• Golden Arch
• Skill Development Alliance
• Citizen’s commission

Clients
• Bharat Shodh
• National Rainfed Area Authority
• Educomp Solutions Ltd
• MDI Gurgaon
• Indian Confederation of Healthcare Accreditation
• Pragya Educom
• Government of Uttarakhand
• Boss Group (Poland)
• Indian News Feature Agency(A PIB Member)
• Golden Arch International
Contact Details
Corporate Office Overseas Offices
2nd floor, A-66 USA
Sector 65, Noida 56 Hillcrest Street
Uttar Pradesh 201307 Waltham, MA 02451
Ph- 0120 4232516 Contact Number
Email: contact@vaktvya.com +1-937-232-2669

Branch Offices London Office


Dehradun Langton Close, Gray’s Inn Road
B-201 Wren Street, London, UK WC1X0HD
Doon Paradize Apartment Ph +44 7887790947
Near Osho Gallary
Dehradun - 248001 Japan Office
1-5-8-509, Sailer Komatsugawa, Edogawa Ku
Tokyo (Japan) 132002
Ph- +81-80-3311-4179

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iLEX Media Solution Pvt. Ltd

1.2 MARKET SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND


POSITIONING
MARKET SEGMENTATION
INTRODUCTION

The market for any product is normally made up of several segments. A ‘market’ after
all is the aggregate of consumers of a given product. And, consumer (the end user), who makes
a market, are of varying characteristics and buying behavior. There are different factors
contributing for varying mind set of consumers. It is thus natural that many differing segments
occur within a market.
In order to capture this heterogeneous market for any product, marketers usually divide
or disintegrate the market into a number of sub-markets/segments and the process is known as
market segmentation.
Thus we can say that market segmentation is the segmentation of markets into homogenous
groups of customers, each of them reacting differently to promotion, communication, pricing
and other variables of the marketing mix. Market segments should be formed in that way that
difference between buyers within each segment is as small as possible. Thus, every segment
can be addressed with an individually targeted marketing mix.
The importance of market segmentation results from the fact that the buyers of a
product or a service are no homogenous group. Actually, every buyer has individual needs,
preferences, resources and behaviors. Since it is virtually impossible to cater for every
customer’s individual characteristics, marketers group customers to market segments by
variables they have in common. These common characteristics allow developing a standardized
marketing mix for all customers in this segment.
Through segmentation, the marketer can look at the differences among the customer groups
and decide on appropriate strategies/offers for each group. This is precisely why some
marketing gurus/experts have described segmentation as a strategy of dividing the markets for
conquering them.

MARKETING STRATEGY AND MARKET SEGMENTATION

When it comes to marketing strategies, most people spontaneously think about the 4P
(Product, Price, Place, Promotion) – Maybe extended by three more Ps for marketing services
(People, Processes, Physical Evidence). Market segmentation and the identification of target
markets, however, are an important element of each marketing strategy. They are the basis for
determining any particular marketing mix. Basic steps in marketing strategy are as follows:-

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MARKET SEGMENTATION IDENTIFICATION OF TARGET


MARKETS
1. Identification of customers
needs & market segments. 3. Evaluation of attractively of
each segment.
2. Develop profiles of
resulting market segments 4. Selection of target segments.

MARKET PLANNING POSITIONING

7. Development of a marketing 5. Identification of differential


mix for each segment advantages in each segment.
according to the chosen
6. Selection of target segments.
position.

ATTRIBUTES OF EFFECTIVE SEGMENTATION

Market segmentation is resorted to for achieving certain practical purpose. For example,
it has to be useful in developing and implementing effective and practical marketing
programmes. For this to happen, the segments arrived at must meet certain criteria such:-

a) Identifiable: The differentiating attributes of the segments must be measurable so that


they can be identified.

b) Accessible: The segments must be reachable through communication and distribution


channels.

c) Sizeable: The segments should be sufficiently large to justify the resources required to
target them. A very small segment may not serve commercial exploitation.

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d) Profitable: There is no use in locating segments that are sizeable but not profitable.

e) Unique needs: To justify separate offerings, the segments must respond differently to
the different marketing mixes.

f) Durable: The segments should be relatively stable to minimize the cost of frequent
changes.

g) Measurable: The potential of the segments as well as the effect of a specific marketing
mix on them should be measurable.

h) Compatible: Segments must be compatible with firm’s resources and capabilities.

REASONS FOR MARKET SEGMENTATION

1. Facilitates proper choice of target marketing


2. Higher Profits
3. Facilitates tapping of the market, adapting the offer to the target
4. Stimulating Innovation
5. Makes the marketing effort more efficient and economic
6. Benefits the customer as well
7. Sustainable customer relationships in all phases of customer life cycle
8. Targeted communication
9. Higher market Shares
BASES FOR SEGMENTATION

Markets can be segmented using several relevant bases. There is huge number of
variables which leads to market segmentation. They comprise easy to determine demographic
factors as well as variables on user behavior or customer preferences. Segmentation is done for
consumer market and industrial market.

Bases for segmentation in consumer market

Consumer market can be segmented on the following customer characteristics

1. Geographic Segmentation:

Segmentation of customers based on geographic factors are;

• Region Factor • Population Density Factor

• Size Factor • Climate Factor

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2. Demographic Segmentation:

Segmentation of customers based on demographic factors are;

• Age • Purchasing • Occupation • Gender


power

• Family size • Family life cycle • Nationality • Religion

3. Psychographic Segmentation:

Psychographic Segmentation includes variables such as;

• Activities • Interests. • Opinions.

• Attitudes. • Values.

4. Behaviouralistic Segmentation:

Variables of buyer behavior are;

• Benefit sought • Usage • User status • Brand Loyalty


rate

• Readiness to • Occasion • Attitude toward offering


buy

ADVANTAGES OF MARKET SEGMENTATION

1. Helps distinguish one customer group from another within a given market.

2. Facilitates proper choice of target market.

3. Facilitates effective tapping of the market.

4. Helps divide the markets and conquer them.

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5. Helps crystallize the needs of the target buyers and elicit more predictable responses
from them; helps develop marketing programmes on a more predictable base; helps
develop market offer that are most suited to each group.

6. Helps achieve the specialization required in product; distribution, promotion, and


pricing for matching the customer group and develop marketing offers and appeal that
match the need of each group.

7. Makes the marketing effort more efficient and economic.

8. Helps concentrate efforts on the most productive and profitable segment, instead of
frittering them over irrelevant, or unproductive, or unprofitable segment.

9. Helps spot the less satisfied segments and succeed by satisfying such segments.

10. Brings benefits not only to the marketer but also to the customer as well.

11. When segmentation attains high sophistication, customers and companies can choose
each other and stay together.

MARKET TARGETING
INTRODUCTION

There was a time when finding the best customers were like throwing darts in the dark.
Target marketing changed all that...Today's savvy marketers know that finding their best
prospects and customers hinges on well thought out targeted marketing strategies.
Defining a target market requires market segmentation, the process of pulling apart the
entire market as a whole and separating it into manageable, disparate units based on
demographics. Target market is a business term meaning the market segment to which a
particular good or service is marketed. It is mainly defined by age, gender, geography, socio-
economic grouping, or any other combination of demographics. It is generally studied and
mapped by an organization through lists and reports containing demographic information that
may have an effect on the marketing of key products or services.
Target Marketing involves breaking a market into segments and then concentrating your
marketing efforts on one or a few key segments. Target marketing can be the key to a small
business’s success.
The beauty of target marketing is that it makes the promotion, pricing and distribution
of your products and/or services easier and more cost-effective. Target marketing provides a
focus to all of your marketing activities.
Market targeting simply means choosing one’s target market. It needs to be clarified at
the onset that marketing targeting is not synonymous with market segmentation.
Segmentation is actually the prelude to target market selection. One has to carry out several
tasks beside segmentation before choosing the target market.

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Through segmentation, a firm divides the market into many segments. But all these
segments need not form its target market. Target market signifies only those segments that it
wants to adopt as its market. A selection is thus involved in it.
In choosing target market, a firm basically carries out an evaluation of the various
segments and selects those segments that are most appropriate to it. As we know that the
segments must be relevant, accessible, sizable and profitable. The evaluation of the different
segments has to be actually based on these criteria and only on the basis of such an evaluation
should the target segments be selected.

PROCESS OF CHOOSING THE TARGET MARKET

 Choosing the target market is related to, but not synonymous with, market
segmentation.
 Segmentation is the means or the tool; choosing the target market is the purpose.
 Segmentation can also be viewed as the prelude to target market selection.
 Choosing the target market usually follows multi-level segmentation using different
bases.
 Choosing the target market involves several other tasks in addition to segmentation.
 Looking at each segment as a distinct marketing opportunity.
 Evaluating the worth of each segment (sales/profit potential).
 Evaluating whether the segment is:

• Distinguishable.
• Measurable.
• Sizable.
• Accessible.
• Growing.
• Profitable.
• Compatible with the firm’s resources.

 Examining whether it is better to choose the whole market, or the only a few segment,
and deciding which ones should be chosen.
 Looking for segments, which are relatively less satisfied by the current offers in the
market from competing brands?
 Checking out if the firm has the differential advantage / distinctive capability for serving
the selected segments.
 Evaluating the firm’s resources and checking whether it is possible to put in the
marketing programmes required for capturing the spotted segments with those
resources.
 Finally selecting those segments that are most appropriate for the firm.

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FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED WHILE TARGET MARKET SELECTION

Target marketing tailors a marketing mix for one or more segments identified by market
segmentation. Target marketing contrasts with mass marketing, which offers a single product
to the entire market.

Two important factors to consider when selecting a target market segment are the
attractiveness of the segment and the fit between the segment and the firm's objectives,
resources, and capabilities.

 Attractiveness of a Market Segment


 Suitability of Market Segments to the Firm

TARGET MARKET STRATEGIES

There are several different target-market strategies that may be followed. Targeting
strategies usually can be categorized as one of the following:

 Single-segment strategy
 Selective specialization
 Product specialization
 Market specialization
 Full market coverage

DECISIONS INVOLVED IN TARGETING STRATEGY INCLUDE;

 Which segments to targeting?


 How many products to offer.
 Which products to offer in which segments.

TARGETING STRATEGY DECISIONS ARE INFLUENCED BY:

 Market maturity.
 Diversity of buyers' needs and preferences.
 Strength of the competition.
 The volume of sales required for profitability.

DECIDING THE SIZE OF TARGET MARKET

After selecting the target market it is important for marketers to decide the size of the
target market. Is the target market large enough to sustain a business which will provide
products or services to them? A target market has to be of at least a minimum size to be viable.
Suppose a firm chooses food processing and food packaging as its target market. In fact, they
might be too large, and it might be wise to find a niche within those target markets. Therefore,

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the firm must then focus on a particular type of food market, such as a food production firm
who wants to package its products for selling. Thus by targeting its product for its targeted
market, the firm can decide its size on the basis of it.

RESULTS OF WRONG TARGETING STRATEGY

Ineffective augmentation and targeting led to wrong product offers, inappropriate


marketing appeals, wrong pricing, and overemphasis on the brand name. No firm can offer
single product to satisfy the entire segment. For example, in Indian market many MNCs offered
single product to the entire segment. The offer did not suit middle class as such. They suited
only the premium segment. Naturally, the firms were unable to gather worthwhile volumes. As
the firm did not target those segments and as they failed to make product offers that were
appropriate for them, the end result was poor. For this reason firms like Reebok, Ray-ban, and
Levi did not showed satisfactory result for quite some time in Indian market while they were
very successful in the western markets. Thus the choice of target marketing for a given industry
can decide the fate of the industry in the market. This is because firms differ in their
competencies, resources, objectives, and strategies.

POSITIONING
INTRODUCTION

Positioning is a concept in marketing which was first popularized by Al Ries and Jack
Trout in their bestseller book “Positioning – a battle for your mind". According to them
‘Positioning is what you do to mind of the prospect’. They iterate that any brand is valued by
the perception it carries in the prospect or customer's mind. Each brand has thus to be
'Positioned' in a particular class or segment. Example: Mercedes is positioned for luxury
segment, Volvo is positioned for safety.
The position of a product is the sum of those attributes normally ascribed to it by the
consumers – its standing, its quality, the type of people who use it, its strengths, its
weaknesses, any other unusual or memorable characteristics it may possess, its price and the
value it represents.
Although there are different definitions of Positioning, probably the most common is: "A
product's position is how potential buyers see the product", and is expressed relative to the
position of competitors. Positioning is a platform for the brand. It facilitates the brand to get
through to the mind of the target consumer.
The position of the brand has thus to be carefully maintained and managed. Example:
when Malboro cut down its prices, its sales dropped immediately, as it began being associated
with the generic segment. Watches like Rolex are positioned as luxury segment watches, thus
they being one of the most expensive have become a symbol for accomplishment in life. If
Rolex reduces its prices, it loses its perceived image and hence is in danger of losing its
customers. This differs slightly from the context in which the term was first published in 1969

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by Al Ries and Jack Trout in the paper Positioning" is a game people play in today’s me-too
market place" in the publication.

POSITIONING CONCEPTS

 Functional positions

 Solve problems.
 Provide benefits to customers.
 Get favorable perception by investors (stock profile) and lenders.

 Symbolic positions

 Self-image enhancement.
 Ego identification.
 Belongingness and social meaningfulness.
 Affective fulfillment.

 Experiential positions

 Provide sensory stimulation.


 Provide cognitive stimulation.
APPROACHES OF POSITIONING

The main positioning strategy is to either developing or reinforcing a particular image


for the brand in the mind of the customer. The main approaches to positioning strategy are:-

 Customer benefits approach.


 The price-quality approach.
 The use or application approach.
 The product user approach.
 The product class approach.
 The cultural symbol approach.
 The competitor approach.

DIFFERENT POSITIONING PLANKS / BASES

 Economy
 Benefit
 Gender
 Luxury and exclusiveness
 Fashion for elite class
 Technology and value added features

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STEPS FOR POSITIONING A PRODUCT

Dibb et al recommend the following steps for determining and implementing the
positioning of a product. Although they focus on new product development, these steps are
applicable to a relaunch with new features or for a repositioning of an existing product too.

Define the segments in a particular market.

Decide which segments to target.

Understand what the target consumers expect and believe to be the most important
considerations when deciding on the purchase.

Develop a product (or products) that cater specifically for these needs and expectations.

Evaluate the positioning and images, as perceived by the target customers, of


competing products in the selected market segments.

Evaluate the market leader’s position; leading brand that occupies a special position in
the consumer‘s mind (Cadbury’s in chocolates); other brands have to necessary relate
themselves in some way to the leaders position; they cannot ignore the position of the
leader, nor wish it away.

Select an image that sets the product apart from the competing products, thus ensuring
that the chosen image matches the aspirations of the target customers.

Inform target customers about the product (promotion).

CRITERIA’S FOR SUCCESSFUL POSITIONING

Clarity: - While positioning its brand the firm must be able to position itself in both
distinct value, proposition, and to its target audience.

Consistency: - Consistency in positioning means keeping the positioning plank/bases


intact for longtime. Planks should be carefully chosen while positioning. But it does not
mean that the firm must change its positioning bases even though its survival is at stake.
The firm must be flexible to the changing environment.

Credibility: - The firm must deliver trustworthy and believable value proposition. There
should be perfect match between promise and action.

Competitiveness: - For surviving in this competitive and changing environment


innovative resources, talent pool, competitive advantage, strong financial backup etc
are very important.

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1.3 Website
A website (or web site) is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other
digital assets that are addressed with a common domain name or IP address in an Internet
Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via the
Internet or a private local area network.
A web page is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed with formatting
instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A web page may incorporate
elements from other web sites with suitable markup anchors.
Web pages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which
may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the
user of the web page content. The user's application, often a web browser, renders the page
content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal.
The pages of a web site can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform Resource Locator
(URL) called the homepage. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although
hyper linking between them conveys the reader's perceived site structure and guides the
reader's navigation of the site.
Some web sites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. Examples
of subscription sites include many business sites, parts of many news sites, academic journal
sites, gaming sites, message boards, web-based e-mail, services, social networking web sites,
and sites providing real-time stock market data.

History

The World Wide Web was created in 1990 by CERN engineer Tim Berners-Lee. On 30 April 1993,
CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to use for anyone.
Before the introduction of HTML and HTTP other protocols such as file transfer protocol and
the gopher protocol were used to retrieve individual files from a server. These protocols offer a
simple directory structure which the user navigates and chooses files to download. Documents
were most often presented as plain text files without formatting or were encoded in word
processor formats.

Overview

Organized by function, a website may be


 a personal website
 a commercial website
 a government website
 a non-profit organization website

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It could be the work of an individual, a business or other organization, and is typically


dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Any website can contain a hyperlink to any other
website, so the distinction between individual sites, as perceived by the user, may sometimes
be blurred.
Websites are written in, or dynamically converted to, HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
and are accessed using a software interface classified as a user agent. Web pages can be viewed
or otherwise accessed from a range of computer-based and Internet-enabled devices of various
sizes, including desktop computers, laptops, PDAs and cell phones.
A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP
server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these systems and that
retrieves and delivers the web pages in response to requests from the website users. Apache is
the most commonly used web server software (according to Net craft statistics) and Microsoft's
Internet Information Server (IIS) is also commonly used.

Website styles

Static website

A static website is one that has web pages stored on the server in the format that is sent
to a client web browser. It is primarily coded in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
Simple forms or marketing examples of websites, such as classic website, a five-page
website or a brochure website are often static websites, because they present pre-defined,
static information to the user. This may include information about a company and its products
and services via text, photos, Flash animation, audio/video and interactive menus and
navigation.
This type of website usually displays the same information to all visitors. Similar to
handing out a printed brochure to customers or clients, a static website will generally provide
consistent, standard information for an extended period of time. Although the website owner
may make updates periodically, it is a manual process to edit the text, photos and other
content and may require basic website design skills and software.
In summary, visitors are not able to control what information they receive via a static website,
and must instead settle for whatever content the website owner has decided to offer at that
time.

They are edited using four broad categories of software:

 Text editors, such as Notepad or Text Edit, where content and HTML markup are
manipulated directly within the editor program
 WYSIWYG offline editors, such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver
(previously Macromedia Dreamweaver), with which the site is edited using a GUI
interface and the final HTML markup is generated automatically by the editor software
 WYSIWYG online editors, where any media rich online presentation like websites,
widgets, intro, blogs etc. are created on a flash based platform

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 Template-based editors, such as Rapid weaver and i-web, which allow users to quickly
create and upload websites to a web server without having to know anything about
HTML, as they just pick a suitable template from a palette and add pictures and text to it
in a DTP-like fashion without ever having to see any HTML code

Dynamic website

A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes content automatically and/or


frequently based on certain criteria. The page composition is usually data-driven and collates
information ad hoc each time a page is requested.
A website can be dynamic in one of two ways. The first is that the web page code is
constructed dynamically. The second is that the web page content displayed varies based on
certain criteria. The criteria may be pre-defined rules or may be based on variable user input.
The main purpose of a dynamic website is that it is much simpler to maintain a few
template pages and a database than it is to build and update hundreds or thousands of
individual web pages and links.
A dynamic website also describes its construction or how it is built, and more specifically
refers to the code used to create a single web page. A dynamic web page is generated on the fly
by piecing together certain blocks of code, procedures or routines. A dynamically-generated
web page would call various bits of information from a database and put them together in a
pre-defined format to present the reader with a coherent page. It interacts with users in a
variety of ways including by reading cookies recognizing users' previous history, session
variables, server side variables etc., or by using direct interaction (form elements, mouseovers,
etc.). A site can display the current state of a dialogue between users, monitor a changing
situation, or provide information in some way personalized to the requirements of the
individual user.
Some countries, for example the U.K. and the U.S., have introduced legislation regarding
web accessibility.

Software systems

There are a wide range of software systems, such as Java Server Pages (JSP), the PHP
and Perl programming languages, Active Server Pages (ASP), YUMA and Cold Fusion (CFM) that
are available to generate dynamic web systems and dynamic sites. Sites may also include
content that is retrieved from one or more databases or by using XML-based technologies such
as RSS.
Static contentmay also be dynamically generated either periodically, or if certain
conditions for regeneration occur (cached) in order to avoid the performance loss of initiating
the dynamic engine on a per-user or per-connection basis.
Plug ins are available to expand the features and abilities of web browsers, which use them to
show active content, such as Flash, Shockwave or applets written in Java. Dynamic HTML also
provides for user interactivity and real-time element updating within web pages (i.e., pages

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don't have to be loaded or reloaded to effect any changes), mainly using the DOM and
JavaScript, support which is built-in to most modern web browsers.
Turning a website into an income source is a common practice for web developers and
website owners. There are several methods for creating a website business which fall into two
broad categories, as defined below.

Content-based sites

Some websites derive revenue by selling advertising space on the site.

Product- or service-based sites

Some websites derive revenue by offering products or services for sale. In the case of e-
commerce websites, the products or services may be purchased at the website itself, by
entering credit card or other payment information into a payment form on the site. While most
business websites serve as a shop window for existing brick and mortar businesses, it is
increasingly the case that some websites are businesses in their own right; that is, the products
they offer are only available for purchase on the web.
Websites occasionally derive income from a combination of these two practices. For
example, a website such as an online auctions website may charge the users of its auction
service to list an auction, but also display third-party advertisements on the site, from which it
derives further income.

Types of websites

There are many varieties of websites, each specializing in a particular type of content or use,
and they may be arbitrarily classified in any number of ways. A few such classifications might
include;

 Affiliate  Information site  School site


 Archive site  Java applet site  Video sharing
 Blog (or web log) site  Mirror site  Search engine site
 Content site  News site  Shock site
 Corporate website  Personal homepage  Warez
 Electronic commerce  Phish site  Web portal
(e-Commerce) site  Political site  Wiki site
 Community site  Porn site  Humor site
 City Site  Rating site  Review site
 Gripe site

Some websites may be included in one or more of these categories. For example, a
business website may promote the business's products, but may also host informative
documents, such as white papers. There are also numerous sub-categories to the ones listed

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above. For example, a porn site is a specific type of e-Commerce site or business site (that is, it
is trying to sell memberships for access to its site). A fan site may be a dedication from the
owner to a particular celebrity.
Websites are constrained by architectural limits (e.g., the computing power dedicated
to the website). Very large websites, such as Yahoo!, Microsoft, and Google employ many
servers and load balancing equipment such as Cisco Content Services Switches to distribute
visitor loads over multiple computers at multiple locations.
In February 2009, Net craft, an Internet monitoring company that has tracked Web
growth since 1995, reported that there were 215,675,903 websites with domain names and
content on them in 2009, compared to just 18,000 websites in August 1995.

1.4 Objective, Scope & Limitations

Objective:

 To know the market condition of the product.


 Elicit information for implementation of strategy for each segment.
 Proper representation of the market.
 Finding out the potential customer / segment.
 To give an information of hierarchy of preference.
 To find out which area / segment is beneficial for company.
 To find out the market segment in which there may be demand for the service in near
future?

Scope:

This study was conducted to find out the segmentation, targeting & positioning of
website in respect of iLEX, so the scope of this study is very wide.

Limitations:

Website as a service are still new in the market and yet to get its acceptance globally.
People are Lack of interest and enthusiastic responses may have allowed biases in this report.
Test of sampling error could not be done due to the absence of data regarding the total
population size. Correctness of this report is restricted and limited by the degree of authenticity
of data collected and sincerity and honesty of respondents.

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CHAPTER -2

METHODOLOGY

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2.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The methodology adopted to accomplish this project was in accordance with the topic
assigned. The study was based on data collected mainly from primary as well as secondary
sources. Descriptive research methodology was adopted for
the purpose of study.

DESIGNING THE QUESTIONNAIRES

This study was conducted in two parts and accordingly questionnaires are also set
categorically:

 Questionnaire for different organization (who have website).


 Questionnaire for different organization (who don’t have website).

The method adopted for developing the above mentioned questionnaires followed the
following sequential order:

1. Determining the objective of the project and specific data to be sought.


2. Determining the process of interviewing.
3. Scrutinizing the question content.
4. Setting the response format.
5. Setting the wording of the questions.
6. Setting the questionnaire structure.
7. Pre-testing, revising, redesigning and final draft.

The questionnaires were prepared in consultation with the Company guide as well as the
institutional guide.

PRE-TESTING THE QUESTIONNAIRE

Before implementing the questionnaires in the field, it was pre-tested to avoid any
ambiguous questions and to see the effectiveness of the questionnaires. For this reason a pilot
survey with 10 consumers was conducted. After Pre-Testing it was found that, few questions
were not apprehend able by the respondents; these were accordingly redesigned and revised
so as to make them more understandable. Finally the questionnaires were printed and used in
collecting responses for the survey.

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SAMPLING PLAN

Sample size: The total sample size is 175 numbers.


Which is further divided as follows?

 Small Scale Industries 25


 Large Scale Industries 25
 Hospitals 25
 Institutions 25
 Government Organizations 25
 Builders & Promoters 25
 Travel Agencies 25
----------------------------- -----------------------
Total 175

SAMPLING METHOD:

Stratified random sampling was done for each of the specified category mentioned above, so as
to ensure that the sampling represents all sections of users as well as non users.

2.2: METHODS OF COLLECTING DATA

The data was collected mostly from primary sources. During the period (1-06-2009 to
15-07-2009) the survey was conducted in CUTTACK.
During the period of this study I got the responsibility to give demonstrations to
consumers and thus I got the opportunity to talk to the consumers directly and check their
awareness level about website. During my interactions with the consumers I always tried my
best to make them understand that how working of an organization can be well developed &
how it affects the life business and tried to reveal various relative advantages of website.

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CHAPTER-3

ANALYSIS & FINDINGS

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The actual fact seen in the process of executing this project was a social, behavioral,
psychographic & economic segmented reason.
The area, Cuttack, under persistent development is really lagging behind in its social &
behavioral potentials. A lay back attitude or perhaps a life not harnessed by restricted
Professionalism has been a curse to bridge such gap, a benedicts aroused with the
psychological variances of people. The mass may seem to adapt changes, yet the nominal value
of their thoughts & ideologies if given a priority also would be seen that the social status may
have improvised but the behavioral patterns would not coordinate with the rest of parameters.

SURVEY METHOD

Personal Interviewing -
1) Mall Intercept.
2) Computer Assisted.

The entire project has been divided into 7 different parts. They are written as follows;
1. Small Scale Industry.
2. Large Scale Industry.
3. Hospitals.
4. Institutions.
5. Government Organizations.
6. Builders & Promoters.
7. Builders & Promoters

Again these 7 parts are further divided in two parts by considering two criteria. These are;

• Those who are having website.


• Those who aren’t having website.

For the different categories of respondents mentioned above, different set of questionnaires
has been designed and as such the analysis of each segment is formulated differently, such as –

CHAPTER – 3

3.1- Quantification of organizations in different industries who are having website


3.2- Analysis of those sectors who are having Website
3.3- Analysis of those sectors who don’t have Website

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3.1.1: Segmentation of organizations in different industries who

are having website

Through this chat it is clear that the over 50% of Small & Medium industries,
Large scale industries, Hospitals, Institutions, Government Organizations, Real estate
are having websites. So there is opportunity for website developers to establish their
market. For that company have to treat 2 segments to whom the company have to treat
differently. For example who having website, for them less awareness is required & for
the companies who are not having website more awareness is required.

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3.2.1: Awareness of concept & benefits of website

Here 'a' refers to yes, 'b' refers to not fully known, 'c' refers to less known, 'd'
refers to no. Through this graph an attempt was made to gauge the awareness level of
website among respondents of different sectors. As we can see that all the sectors have
sound knowledge of website but it is not 100%.

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3.2.2: Most effective media for creating awareness of website

Through this analysis we can know the most effective media for creating the
awareness of website. In this chart ‘a’ refers to print media, ‘b’ refers to internet, ‘c’
refers to friends & relatives, ‘d’ refers to others. It is clear that for SMI, LSI, Hospitals &
garment & Jewelry, friends & relative is most effective media for creating awareness of
website. So the company should position the service through these channels in
segment wise.

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3.2.3: Need for website in different sectors

As sectors are different so the quantity of need is also different. It is sure that there is need for
website. It is the way of operation of work that affects the need of website. Here ‘a’ refers to
advertising, ‘b’ refers to consume less time, ‘c’ refers to to globalize the network and ‘d’ refers to others.
So the company target each segment in a different manner as needs are different.

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3.2.4: likeness of website in different sector

It is a graph that shows who like website & who doesn’t like. It may be due less satisfaction of
service provided by concerned website developers. So each company should look after it. Because
website business mainly depends on after sales service. In this chart ‘a’ refers to yes & ‘b’ refers to no.

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3.2.5: Most popular type of website.

Here ‘a’ refers to HTML, ‘b’ refers to Flash, ‘c’ refers to Both and ‘d’ refers to Other. In this case
SMI, Jewelry & Garment has higher demand of HTML website. Whereas LSI, Hospitals, real estate, travel
agency has higher demand of flash website. And other segment have a demand both flash & HTML
website.

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3.2.6: Reasons for not having website.

The most effective reason behind hesitation of having website are website is expensive and
other is service is bad. So the company has a opportunity to establish their market as a good service
provider of website. Here ‘a’ refers to after sale service is bad, ‘b’ refers to expensive, ‘c’ refers to can’t
say and ‘d’ refers to website is not required.

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3.2.7: Popularity of website developers

In Cuttack the popularity of website differs from sector to sector. In this analysis major website
developers taken into consideration. Here ‘a’ refers to Versatile IT services, ‘b’ refers to Softweb
technologyy,’c’ refers to iLEX Media Solution, ‘d’ refers to None. In this graph it is clear that website
developers in Cuttack are less popular than others who are present in other state.

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3.3.1: Segmentation of concept & benefits of website

Here ‘a’ refers to yes, ‘b’ refers to Not fully known, ‘c’ refers to Less known, ‘d’ refers to No. In
this chart it is clear that those who don’t have website most of them are not aware of website & those
who know, knowledge is less. So there is opportunity to increase the awareness level of website in every
segment of market so that at least they can know how much important is this for their business.
Therefore through this they can increase the demand of website in different segments.

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3.3.2: Most effective media for creating awareness of website


aaaaa in each segment

Through this analysis we can know the most effective media for creating the
awareness of website. In this chart ‘a’ refers to print media, ‘b’ refers to internet, ‘c’
refers to friends & relatives, ‘d’ refers to others. It is clear that for SMI, LSI, Hospitals &
garment & Jewelry, friends & relative is most effective media for targeting & positioning
of website service in each segment.

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3.3.3: Hesitation towards website

In this chart ‘a’ refers to Not aware of website, ‘b’ refers to Afraid of hacking,
spam’s etc, ‘c’ refers to Expensive, ‘d’ refers to others. Through this chart it is clear that
major reason behind not having website is their less awareness level of website. Beside
this there is another reason is that it is expensive. It is true website is expensive if the
service taken for short period. But the website service is for long period. So long range
of period it can be acceptable and cheaper than other communication media.

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3.3.4: potential segment of market.

Here 'a' refers to In near future, 'b' refers to Within 3 to 4 months, 'c' refers to Not
now, 'd' refers to No. In this chart it is clear that there is less people who don’t like to
have website. But opportunity is there for website developers to create their market.
Because there is more than 95% customers are ready for having website. Some are like
to have later but if website companies increase the awareness in the market then the
customers hesitate to do have website, they are more attracted do website and that
leads to effective positioning of the website service.

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3.3.5: Popularity of website developers

In Cuttack the popularity of website differs from sector to sector. In this analysis
major website developers taken into consideration. Here ‘a’ refers to Versatile IT
services, ‘b’ refers to Softweb Technology, ’c’ refers to iLEX Media Solution, ‘d’ refers to
None. Here is also majority of website developers are known from outside or others.
Behind this iLEX has popularity comparison to other to. So the market is less aware of
website but iLEX as a website developer known in the market. Therefore the next step is
position the service as a leading website developer among all competitors.

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Chapter – 4

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4.1 CONCLUSION

Thus we can say that the total process of market segmentation, targeting and
positioning is a very important attribute of marketing mix. All these three process is very closely
interrelated with each other. Once the organization has decided which customer groups within
which market segments to target, it has to determine how to present the product to this target
audience. This allows to exactly addressing the needs and expectations of the target groups
with a tangible marketing mix that consists of product characteristics, price, promotional
activities and places to present the product. Effective strategies of segmentation, targeting and
positioning gives an extra advantage in changing and highly competitive environment. To make
this three marketing process effective a thorough SWOT analysis of the firm is very important.
Keeping in mind the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat the firm can formulate and
implement its total marketing mix.
Both the market & company are new for the website business. The demand is there in
the market & is increasing rapidly. But there is some segment in the market which is still
behind. For them much awareness is necessary so that the company can position their service
in the market. Through all analysis it is concluded that the SME sector that is small & medium
enterprises are growing rapidly in Cuttack toward LSI that is large scale industry. So the future is
bright for iLEX if they take SME as their target. Apart from this sector most of the sectors are
also having need. For them company should position their website service as a lubricating
service so that all he sectors are attracted towards it.

4.2 SUGGESTIONS:

 The service is not present in all the sectors significantly. So there is plenty of opportunity
for the website companies.

 Many organizations are present in the market but most of them are franchise or
branches. So there much difficulty arises regarding website survey.

 There are many potential customers are there in the market. So the website companies
can establish their market in Cuttack.

 Many of the customers didn’t know the concept & benefits of website. So the major
thing is to provide information and logic behind the website service.

 Many wrong interpretations are there in the market like website fraud, spam, and
greater influence of IT sector over website service. These wrong interpretations should
diminished by every website companies.

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Questionnaire for survey


of
STP of Website

Name of the sector :


Name of the Organization :
Name of the Person :
Address :

3.1: Do you have website?

Yes No

Continue to Go to Questionnaire
Questionnaire 3.2 3.3

Questionnaire 3.2

3.2.1: Do you aware of concept & benefits of website?

a) Yes b) Not fully known

c) Less known d) No

3.2.2: How did you know about the website for the first time?

a) Print media b) Internet

c) Friends & Relatives d) Others

3.2.3: For which major criteria do you have website?

a) Advertising b) Consume less time

c) To globalize the network d) others

3.2.4: Do you like to continue with same website?

a) Yes b) No

3.2.5: If yes which service does you like most?

a) HTML b) Flash

c) Both d) None

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3.2.6: If no why you don’t like?

a) After sale service is bad b) Expensive

c) Can’t say d) website isn’t required

3.2.7: Do you know / heard about any website developers in Cuttack?

a) Versatile b) Softweb Technology

c) iLEX media solution d) None

Questionnaire 3.3

3.3.1: Do you aware of concept & benefits of website?

a) Yes b) Not fully known

c) Less known d) No

3.3.2: How did you know about the website for the first time?

a) Print media b) Internet

c) Friends & Relatives d) Others

3.3.3: Why you don’t have website?

a) Not aware of it b) Afraid of hacking & spam’s

c) Expensive d) others

3.3.4: Do you like to have website?

a) In near future b) within 3 to 4 months

c) Not now d) No

3.3.5: Do you know / heard about any website developers in Cuttack?

a) Vorsatile b) Softweb Technology

c) iIEX media solution d) None

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Bibliography

Books:

Marketing Management

Author- Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller -13TH Edition


Publisher- Dorling Kindersley
Place of Publication- India
Year of Publication- 2009

Target Marketing Analysis for managers

Author: Sally, Dibb, Lyndon


Place of Publication: India

Marketing Management

1st Edition
Author- C.N. Sontakki
Publisher- Kalyani Publishers
Place of Publication- India
Year of publication- 2007

Website:

www.wikipedia.com
www.economypedia.com
www.scribd.com

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