CBSE CLASS XII Chemistry

Chemistry in Action
One mark questions with answers
Q1. Why is paracetamol preferred to aspirin?
Ans1. Paracetamol is preferred to aspirin because aspirin gets hydrolysed to
salicyclic acid that may cause ulcers in the stomach.
Q2. Which dyes are prepared in solution?
Ans2. Azo dyes (N = N).
Q3. The reduced form of at dyes are called ...........
Ans3. !cuco compounds.
Q4. Which drug is e"tracted from the cinchona tree?
Ans4. #uinine is e"tracted from the cinchona tree.
Two mark questions with answers
Q1. What is paracetamol? What medicinal effect does it produce in the human body?
Ans1. Paracetamol is N$acetyl$%$amino phenol
&t helps in bringing do'n the body temperature. &t also helps in relieing pains e.g.,
headache( bodyache etc.
Q2. What do you understand by double base$propellant?
Ans2. Double base roellant ! &t is solid propellant( 'hich contains t'o materials
e.g., cordite is a mi"ture of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. Nitrocellulose gels in
nitroglycerine and sets as a solid mass.
Q3. What are the adantages of bili)uid propellants oer solid propellants?
Ans3. (*) +ombustion of bili)uid propellants is easy to control.
(,) -ili)uid propellants gie higher thrust than solid propellants.
Q4. What propellant is planned to be used in P.!/ roc0ets?
Ans4. In "irst sta#e ! .olid propellants 1polybutadiene (fuel) and ammonium
perchlorate (an o"idiser)2
In secon$ an$ thir$ sta#es ! !i)uid fuels 13ither unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine
4N,5% as an o"idiser or monomethyl hydrazine 4N,5% as an o"idizer2.
Three mark questions with answers
Q1. What is mordant dye? 6o' is it applied to the fabric?
Ans1. %or$ant $yes ! These are the dyes 'hich are applied to the fabrics after
treatment 'ith a suitable substance 'hich acts as a binding agent bet'een the fabric
and the dye and is 0no'n as a mordant.
When the dye is acidic( the mordant should be basic and ice$ersa. 7or acidic dyes(
mordants commonly used are hydro"ides or basic salts of chromium( aluminium and
iron. 7or basic dyes( the mordant commonly used is tannic acid.
These dyes are generally used for dyeing 'ool.
Q2. 6o' are disperse dyes applied and to 'hat substances?
Ans2. Diserse $yes ! These dyes are applied usually in the form of a dispersion of
finely diided dye in a soap solution in the presence of phenol( cresol or benzoic acid.
These are mainly used to dye rayons( dacron( nylon( synthetic fibres( polyester and
poly$acrylonirile.
Q3. How do antiseptics and disinfectants differ from each other and also from antibiotics?
Ans3.
Antisetics Disin"ectants
*.
.ubstances 'hich can preent the
gro'th of micro organisms or 0ill
them.
.ubstances 'hich can 0ill micro$
organisms.
,.
These can be applied to the s0in
because these do not harm liing
tissues.
These cannot be applied to the s0in
because these are to"ic to liing
tissues.
8.
They are applied to 'ounds( ulcers(
diseased s0in.
They are used to disinfect floor(
toilets( drains( instruments etc.
%.
3"amples 9 :etol( boric acid
salicyclic acid( ;.,< phenol solution
tincture of iodine.
3"amples 9 +l,( .5,( *< phenol
solution.
Q4. What is Witt=s theory?
Ans4. &itt's theory ! (*) The dye is deried from a parent coloured compound
called chromogen.
(,) The colour of the chromogen is due to the presence of groups called
chromophores.
(8) +ertain groups 'hich help in fi"ing the dye on the fabric and enhance the
intensity of the colour are termed as au"ochromes.
:ye = +hromogen 4 Au"ochrome
'here chromogen is chromophore bearing compound.
7or e"ample( p$hydro"y azobenzene (a red dye)
contains azobenzene as chromogen 'ith azo group (N = N) as chromophore and
phenolic (56) group as au"ochrome.
Five mark questions with answers
Q1. What is the difference bet'een acid dyes and basic dyes?
Ans1.
Aci$ $yes Basic $yes
*.
These are usually azo dyes and hae
acidic groups such as sulphonic(
carbo"ylic or phenolic.
They are usually azo or
triphenylmethane dyes and possess
basic groups such as amino (N6,) or
substituted amino (N6>) etc.
,.
These are used as their sodium salts
'hich are freely soluble in 'ater.
These dyes form 'ater soluble salts in
acidic solution.
8.
These are used to dye sil0( 'ool and
nylons directly.
These are used to dye modified nylons
and polyesters.
%.
3"amples 9 5range &( orange &&(
congo red( methyl orange etc.
3"amples 9 Aniline yello'( malachite
green.