Reviewer in Reading

WITH EXERCISES
PAGE 1
I. Elements of a Story
1. Plot Is the series of related events that occur in a story
1.1. Introduction It includes a brief description about the
setting, characters as they interact at the beginning of the
story
1.2. Rising Action The part of the plot where the conflict
starts to build up
1.3. Conflict Is the struggle between two opposing forces.
1.3.1. Social Conflict The struggle between two or more
characters. The conflict of man against man or against
society.
1.3.2. Physical Conflict - Conflict of man against nature.
1.3.3. Psychological Conflict Conflict of Man against himself
or herself
1.4. Climax The most exciting part of the story. Is the point
wherein the conflict must be solved one way or another
1.5. Resolution Explains the solution of conflict at the end.
2. Characters Are the persons or animals that take up a huge part
in the story.
2.1. Protagonist The main characters or the heroes of the
story
2.2. Antagonist The anti-hero character or the villains in the
story
3. Theme The basic or the underlying message of the story.
4. Setting Where and When the story takes place.
Exercise: Encircle the answer of the correct answer. (11 points)

1. The time and location in which a story takes place

A. Plot
B. Setting
C. Conflict
D. Characterization
2. There are ___________ kinds of conflict.

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
3. The underlying meaning or main idea of a story is called the
______________.

PAGE 2
A. theme
B. mood
C. plot
D. setting
4. Don't judge a book by its cover is an example of ___________.

A. mood
B. theme
C. setting
D. conflict
5. The angle from which the story is told.

A. camera view
B. character view
C. point of view
D. none of the above
6. The central, main character of a story is called the ____________.

A. antagonist
B. protagonist
C. antagonize
D. instigator
7. The opposition of forces, essential to the plot is called__________?

A. setting
B. conflict
C. character
D. climax
8. The most exciting part of the story is called the _________.

A. setting
B. exposition
C. climax
D. rising action
9. What is a person or animal which takes part in the action of a
story called?

A. setting
B. plot
C. character
D. conflict
E. narrator
10. What is the sequence of events involving characters and a central
conflict called?

A. setting
B. plot
C. character
D. conflict
E. narrator
PAGE 3
11. The character who opposes the main character is called the
__________.

A. protagonist
B. antagonist
C. dynamic character
D. static character
B. Read the story below.
Cecilia's Story
Author: Catherine Pulsifer, 2012

During the course of a lifetime, we all make mistakes. And, often we
take for granted what we have thinking that either we deserve what we
already have, or believing that we will never need anyone to help or
assist us out from under difficult and challenging times.

Such was the case of Cecilia.

Cecilia, not her real name, had a great job, a nice house and everything
she needed. She was, though, not a kind person for several reasons that
became obvious once you got to know her.

The first thing that became obvious was her lack of compassion for
others who were not as fortunate as she was. She would not help
anyone, nor would she even begin to express any empathy for anyone's
plight. Her view was that they were just plain lazy or that they were
not deserving because they had personal problems.

But, then came the fateful day. Her husband got into financial
difficulty, severe difficulty, to the point where he was forced to declare
bankruptcy. Now, she found that she was the one who had nothing.

Now, the tables were drastically turned, and she was desperate for
help. She also found out that her parents were unwilling to help her
but, fortunately for her, his family was willing and able to help them
through these difficult times despite the fact that she had shunned
them and had excluded them from her life.

I wish I could give you a beautiful ending to this story of help but I
PAGE 4
sadly cannot. Even though Cecilia was assisted
through challenging times, once over, she reverted to her true self.

But, this is not the main point of this story.

The real point is that we all need help somewhere along life's path
whether we think we will or not. And, if you are the one giving and
helping, just remember this: no matter what happens later, you will
always be secure in the fact knowing that you have remained strong
and true to assist those that need your help.

If you move through life helping, caring, forgiving, you will always
have you're your own special fan club - it is those who love and respect
you no matter if others you have helped may not. Never let others stop
you from helping and caring.
Read the story again to answer the information being asked.
1. Who is the author of the story? ____________________
2. Who is the Protagonist of the story? ____________________
3. What is the character of Cecilia in the story? ________________
4. What is the Theme of the story? _________________
5. What is the conflict of the story? ________________
6. In what sentence can we find the Introduction?
__________________
7. What is the type of Conflict present in the story?
____________________
8. What is the mood of the story? ________________


II. Predicting Outcomes
Predicting Outcomes Is a result based from the evidences given.

PAGE 5
Exercise: Answer the following questions. Shade the box of the
correct answer.
1. What is the definition of Predicting Outcomes?
A. determining the meaning of a word
B. looking for facts and details
C. deciding what will happen next
D. understanding the effect of an event
2. When you are predicting outcomes, it is important to do which of
the
following?

A. read the details carefully
B. use what you already know
C. look for clues to help you
D. all of the above

3. When is it important to predict outcomes?
A. When reading
B. When you make a decision
C. when you are watching a movie
D. all of the above
4. Which of the following will help you predict an outcome?
A. What is going to happen
B. Prior knowledge
C. The copyright date
D. Feelings
5. What can you look for to help you decide what will happen next in a
picture or story?
A. Letters
B. Numbers
C. The beginning
D. Clues
PAGE 6

6. If a person goes to the grocery store and buys a head of lettuce, a
tomato, a cucumber, and salad
dressing, you could predict that the person is going to do which of the
following?
A. The person will bake a cake
B. The person is going to set up an aquarium
C. The person will eat fish for dinner
D. The person will make a salad
7. Which of the following could not be used to predict an outcome?
A. What you saw happen
B. The length of the story
C. Clues
D. Prior knowledge


8. What do you look for in a story that has no pictures, to predict
the
outcome?

A. The glossary
B. Word clues
C. Picture and word clues
D. Picture clues

III. Drawing Conclusions
Conclusion Is a decision reached after studying the known facts.
PAGE 7
A. Garden
B. School
C. Mall
D. Supermarket
Exercises:
A. Study the facts given then encircle the answer that has an
analogous connection between them
1. Shovel, Flower seeds, Hat, Sprinkler , Soil , Gardener




2. Cashier , Saleswoman, Credit Cards, Many People




3. Wrecking Balls, Bulldozer, People Shouting , Fire, Stones




4. Sandy , Happy People, Lighthouses, Clear Waters, Palm Trees






5. Plants , Wild Animals, Hunters , Rivers





A. Mall
B. Store
C. House
D. School
A. Destruction Site
B. Light House
C. Beach
D. Mountains

A. Beach
B. Valley
C. Forest
D. Savanna
A. Prairie
B. Forests
C. Deserts
D. Beach

PAGE 8
IV. Cause and Effect
Cause Is the reason why an event happened
Effect Is the result to the cause
Exercise: Answer the following. Complete the table.

Cause Effect
1. War
2. Early Marriage
3. Abortion
4. Corruption
5. Overpopulation

Figurative Language
See Research for Information