SAP 2000 ( VER 9.

03 )






















3D MODEL EXAMPLE




























SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

15
15
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B (25x70)
B (25x70)
B (25x70)
B (25x70)
15
15
15 15
15
15 15
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B

(
2
5
x
7
0
)
B (25x70)
B (25x70) B (25x70)
B (25x70)
B (25x70) B (25x70)
B (25x70) B (25x70)












































L.L = 250 KG /m2
FL = 150 KG / m2
No of floor = Ground + 7 floor
Foundation level = ( -2.00 )
Ground floor height = 3 m
Repeated floor height = 3m

SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

1- File menu --- new model --- Grid












































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

2- Draw frame element










































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

3- Draw shell element
























4- Define frame section of beam as 25 x 70 cm

5- Assign frame section of beam as 25 x 70 cm

6- Define shell section of slab as 15 cm

7- Assign shell section of slab as 15 cm

8- Assign joint restrain as hinge

9- Mesh of shell by 0.5 X 0.5

10- Divide frame section

11- Delete void of shell

12- Assign hinge at shear wall edge

SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )
































13- Edit grid in Z direction ( at Z level = 0 is Ground )

14- Grid for Z ( -5 , 0 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 , 15 , 18 , 21 )









SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )












































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

15- To insert all floor
Select floor at Z = 0
From edit menu ----- replicate








































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

16- Define column section 60 x 60 cm

17- Draw frame element of column by show two window ( XZ & XY )
and to select frame section 50 x 50









































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

18- Define shell section 30 cm

19- Draw shell element of shear wall by show two window ( XZ & XY )
and to select shell section 30






























20- To show shear wall only ---- select menu --- area section ---- 30

21- View menu ---- show selection only











SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )


























22- Mesh shear wall as floor by 0.5 x 0.5
23- First mesh it by grid to mesh at each floor























SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

24- Second mesh wall by 0.5 x 0.5
























25- Select all model ----- assign menu --- joint ---- restrain --- free























SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

26- At Z level -5 show XY plan ( joint no invisible )



























27- Select all joint for this level ---- joint restrain as hinge ( restrain at
foundation level only )



















SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )



















































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

28- From view menu ---- set display option ---- select extrude view

















































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

29- Divide frames at each floor by select all model ---- divide frame

















































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

30- Define load cases
Define menu ---- load cases

















EQX is earthquake in X direction
EQY is earthquake in Y direction

Auto lateral type :

There is three method to insert lateral load
1- static method
2- dynamic method
3- response spectrum method


31- Assign vertical load
Dead load
Select all model ---- assign area load ---- dead --- 0.15 t/m
2

Live load
Select all model ---- assign area load ---- live ---- 0.25 t/m
2












SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

32- Assign earthquake load

a- First method ( static user define )

1- from define menu ---- load cases ( change auto lateral load as
user load )















2- define diaphragm ---- select floor No 1 ---- assign ---- joint -
--- constrain


















select diaphragm ----- add new constrain





SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )





















select diaphragm ----- add new constrain
select floor 2 ---- assign joint constrain --- diaphragm ---- add
new diaphragm ---- diaphragm 2 and so on for other floors 3 ,
4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8

























SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

Calculate static earthquake load using
For example
P = ZICKS ( W )
Then get load at each floor





















To insert earthquake load ( for example in X dir )
From define menu ----- load cases













Select EQX ----- select modify lateral load




SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )























The table which show at each Z level the diaphragm of it
To insert load of EQX insert the value of force in FX



















SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

select apply center of mass
additional Ecc ratio 0.05


33- Assign wall section cut

To make the shear wall as section to get the moment on this wall as
one unit we do the next steps

a- define new group as wall

from define menu ---- group













Select add new Group


















SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

press OK















b- Assign wall to group
select shear wall base joint + above shell


















From assign menu ---- assign to group ---- select wall group






SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )



















c- Define section cut
From define menu ----- section cut
















Select add section cut






SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )



























RUN

After run sap first we want to know the drift of the building and compare
this value with the allowable code value

Assume allowable code value = height / 500 = 26/ 500 = 5.2 cm

from display menu ---- show deformed shape
diagram








SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )












































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

to show drift in X dir ( U1 ) show XY plan at
roof ( Z = 21 )

























from Sap U1 max = 0.0287 m = 2.87 cm < allowable then
OK the building drift under this earthquake is safe

if the drift not safe you must change the resisting system of
building ( increase shear wall inertia or to add new shear
wall in other position of building to resist the earthquake

To show straining action of wall due to earthquake and other
loads

a- From display menu ---- show table





SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

























Press OK


















SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

X
Y
The table show that :
M1 ( moment about X axis ) = zero ( no force in Y dir )
M2 ( moment about Y axis ) = 1890 t.m
M3 ( torsion about Z axis ) = 279 t.m
F3 ( due to vertical load dead and live ) = 523 ton






































SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

b- second method ( static user UBC Code )

1- define diaphragm for each floor as previous method
2- define menu ---- load cases














select UBC 97 code and ---- modify load
select EQY ---- modify lateral load






















SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

direction of load is Y dir

Time period --- select user define option ---- calculate T
using UBC eqation and insert this value

For elevation sap insert max Z and min Z if this value not
correct you can type the correction valua but sap almost
insert the correct

Overstrength factor R ( you insert this value from code
depend on the building system )

For seismic coeff
a- Soil profile type --- depend on type of soil from
code
b- Seismic Zone factor ---- from code by the reigon get
the factor of zone
Importance factor ---- depend on building using from code
After insert the value of table press OK


3- define mass source
you must define the mass source to insert the M value

F = M * a
If L.L more than 500 kg /m2
Mass source = D.L + 0.5 L.L

If L.L less than 500 kg /m2
Mass source = D.L ( only )












SAP 2000 ( VER 9.03 )

** from define menu ----- mass source





















You can Run the model and get result as previous Example