PROJECT Submitted To:- HR DEPARTMENT Submitted By:- ` Muhammad Asad Ullah Khan CIIT INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY (LAHORE CAMPUS)
Contents Acknowledgement Executive summary Introduction to Telecommunication Introduction to GSM GSM Architecture GSM Infrastructure Channel Introduction Characteristics Of GSM Comany Overview !ision" Mission and !alues Overview of Internshi at Alcatel #ucent My Internshi Swot analysis of Alcatel #ucent Conclusions ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Al l the prai se i s for Al l ah, the most merci ful and benefi cent, who blessed me with the nowled!e, !a"e me the coura!e and allowed me to accomplish this tas# $ am especi al l % i ndebt ed t o al l st af f member s of Al cat el Lucent for instillin! in me enou!h nowled!e to be able to carr% m%self efficientl% durin! m% internship#
Executive Summary $nternship was m% first step in practical life, throu!h &hich $ learnt a lot and it aided me in bein! well and &i t h "al uabl e e'peri ence that woul d hel p me once $ enter the professi onal l i fe after the completion of m% studies # (urin! the month of July 202, $ wored in Alcatel Lucent as an internee# M% association with this compan% was bein! a part of the !SS De"a#t$ent# $t was a !reat e'perience for me and it helped me in reali)in! where m% potential lies# %&at I lea#nt at Alcatel o"er the wees was how to !et alon! with the people that $ ha"e to wor with e"er% da%, team wor buildin! confidence and impro"in! m% communication sills# *his internship has also prepared me for m% future career# *he e'perience has tau!ht me responsibilit%, teamwor# *his internship o"erall has been a !reat e'perience# *his #e"'#t !i"es a profile of Alcatel Lucent# *his report also reflects m% learnin! and e'periences# Introduction to Telecommunication Central bac!round information %&at () Telec'$$un(cat('n* *elecommunication is deri"ed from +ree word ,*ele- which means o"er a distance, ,Communicara- which means the abilit% to share# *elecommunication literall% means ,the sharin! of information o"er a distance-# *elecommunication affects how and where %ou (o e"er%thin! li"es, wor, pla%, sociali)e, entertain, ser"e, stud%, teach ,rest, heal and protect# *he process of transmittin! or recei"in! information o"er a distance b% an% el ectri cal or el ectro . ma!neti c medi um# $nformati on ma% tae the form of "oice, "ideo or data# Telec'$$un(cat('n (n +a,()tan +a,()tan Telec'$$un(cat('n Aut&'#(ty (+TA)- . Pai stan *el ecommuni cati on Authori t% i s promoti n! the tel ecom sector si nce /001# *he authori t% i s responsi bl e for re!ul ate the establ i shment, operati on and maintenance of telecommunication s%stem and pro"ision of telecom ser"ices in the countr%# $t promotes and protects the interest of end users of telecommunication ser"ices# Paistan under &orld *rade or!ani)ation (%TO) commi tment i s now read% to (ere!ul ate the whole of telecom sector# (ere!ulation polic% is in final sta!es and will be announced shortl%# $n the %ear 2332 . 34, the P*A has stepped forward to encoura!e the telecom operators and transfer of technolo!% in Paistan# $n thi s re!ard, ro%al t% of $nternet Ser"i ce Pro"i der 5$SP6 has been reduced from 7 to 3#88 percent of the annual !ross re"enue# 9or card pa%phone ser"ice and cellular mobile ser"ice, it was reduced from 7 to 2 percent respecti"el% of !rass re"enue in the %ear 233/# Si mi l ar l %, wi t h t he l aunchi n! of pr epai d co nnect i ons b% cel l ul ar compani es, t he num ber s of mobi l e phones subs cr i ber s ha"e reached to 2#: million up to ;une 2332, showin! a !rowth of /3:#<percent# Introduction to GSM What is GSM? Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) is a second generation cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation. GSM ARHITETURE AUC: Authentication Center BSC: Base Station Controller BSS: Base Station Subsystem BTS: Base Transceiver System (Antenna System + Radio Base Station) !R: "ui#ment !denti$ication Re%ister ($or !&! veri$ication) !&! :!nternational &obile "ui#ment !dentity '(R: 'le)ible (umberin% Re%ister ($or number #ortability) *&SC: *ate+ay &SC ,-R: ,ome -ocation Re%ister !S.(: !nte%rated Services .i%ital (et+or/ !0': !nter+or/in% 'unction !-R: !nter+or/in% -ocation Re%ister ($or roamin% bet+een A&1S and *S& system) !0&SC: !nter+or/in% &SC &S: &obile Station &SC: &obile S+itchin% Center (SS: (et+or/ S+itchin% Subsystem 2SS: 2#eration and Su##ort System 1.(: 1ublic .ata (et+or/ 1ST(: 1ublic S+itched Tele#hone (et+or/ S&S: Short &essa%e Service 3-R: 3isitor -ocation Re%ister General Architecture GSM infrastructure *he +SM di"ides the (n/#a)t#uctu#e into the followin! four parts# Mobile Station Subs%stem (MSS) =ase Station Subs%stem (!SS) >etwor Switchin! Subs%stem (NSS) Operation and Support Subs%stem (OSS) Mobile Station Subsystem (MSS): *he Mobile Station Subs%stem is made up of two entities? 0 Mobile *ermination (MT) 20 Subscriber $dentit% Module (SIM) 0M'1(le Te#$(nat('n- *erminal E@uipment Portable, "ehicle mounted, hand held de"ice Uni@uel% identified b% an $ME$ 5$nternational Mobile E@uipment $dentit%6 Aoice and data transmission Monitorin! power and si!nal @ualit% of surroundin! cells for optimum hando"er Power le"el ? 3#<& . 23 & /83 character lon! SMS# Encr%ption capabilit% 9re@uenc% capabilit% *erminal Adapter 5*A6 20Su1)c#(1e# I2ent(ty M'2ule (SIM)- Smart card contains the $nternational Mobile Subscriber $dentit% 5$MS$6 Allows user to send and recei"e calls and recei"e other subscribed ser"ices Protected b% a password or P$> Can be mo"ed from phone to phone . contains e% information to acti"ate the phone Base Station Subsystem (BSS): All radioBrelated functions between mobile stations and networ are performed in the =ase Station Subs%stem 5=SS6# *he =SS consists of? One =ase Station Controller 5=SC6 and all =ase *ranscei"er Stations 5=*S6 under the =SC Base Transceiver Station (BTS): Encodes,encr%pts,multiple'es,modulates and feeds the R9 si!nals to the antenna# 9re@uenc% hoppin! Communicates with Mobile station and =SC Consists of *ranscei"ers 5*RC6 units =acend is connected to the =SC A =*S is usuall% placed at the center of a cell# $ts transmittin! power defines the si)e of a cell# Base Station Controller (BSC): Mana!es Radio resources for =*S# Assi!ns 9re@uenc% and time slots for all MSDs in its area# Handles call set up# *ranscodin! and rate adaptation functionalit%# Hando"er for each MS# Radio Power control# $t communicates with MSC and =*S List of =S$C List of Cell $( Network switchin subsystem (NSS): 9undamentall%, the networ and switchin! subs%stems 5>SS6 is responsible for call connection, super"ision and release functions between callin! and called stations, where one or both of them are mobile stations 5MS6# Other functions include? Handlin! short messa!es and pacet data 5email, fa' and a "ariet% of notifications6 Pro"idin! EbearerD channel for data communications Maintainin! database of its own users as well as "isitors Aariet% of authentication and encr%ption +atewa% to PS*>, other mobile networs and data networs includin! the $nternet# Sy)te$ U"l(n, !an23(2t& (MH4) D'3nl(n, !an23(2t& (MH4) C&annel %(2t& (5H4) Ma60 N'0 '/ C&annel) GSM. 700 870.79 7:9.7;0 200 29 E.GSM 880.79 729.7;0 200 <9 GSM. 800 <0.<89 809.880 200 :<9 GSM. 700 890.70 7:0.770 200 :00 Channel Introduction: It (nclu2e) 0Ph%sical channel 20Lo!ical channel 0+&y)(cal C&annel- A ph%sical channel is specified b% a specific time slot in a specific channelF carrier fre@uenc%# 20L'=(cal C&annel) run o"er a ph%sical channel, but not necessaril% in all its time slots classified into traffic channels and control channels ha"e to be mana!ed? set up, maintenance, tear down Characteristics Of GSM: 9ull% di!ital s%stem usin! 033,/<33 MH) fre@uenc% band# *(MA o"er radio carriers5233 GH) carrier spacin!# < full rate or /8 half rate *(MA channels per carrier# UserFterminal authentication for fraud control# Encr%ption of speech and data transmission o"er the radio path# 9ull international roamin! capabilit%# Low speed data ser"ices 5upto 0#8 GbFs6# Compatibilit% with $S(># Support of Short Messa!e Ser"ice 5SMS6# Reduced R9 transmission power and lon!er batter% life# Company Overview H()t'#y AlcatelBLucent was formed when Alcatel mer!ed with Lucent *echnolo!ies on (ecember /, 2338# Howe"er, the compan% as a whole has been a part of telecommunications industr% since the late /0th centur%# *he formation of AlcatelBLucent created the worldDs first trul% !lobal communications solutions pro"ider, with the most complete endBtoBend portfolio of solutions and ser"ices in the industr%# AlcatelBLucent combined two entities H Alcatel and Lucent *echnolo!ies H which shared a common linea!e datin! bac to /0<8# !bout !lcatel"#ucent AlcatelBLucent 59rench pronunciation? Ialat l l%s ntJ 6 is a !lobal telecommunications e@uipment corporation, head@uartered in the 1th arrondissement of Paris, 9rance# $t pro"ides telecommunications solutions to ser"ice pro"iders, enterprises, and !o"ernments around the world, enablin! these customers to deli"er "oice, data, and "ideo ser"ices# *he compan% focuses on fi'ed, mobile, and con"er!ed networin! hardware, $P technolo!ies ,software, and ser"ices# $t holds =ell Labs, one of the lar!est inno"ation and RK( houses in the communications industr%# Icitation neededJ =ell Labs was awarded 1 >obel Pri)es and holds o"er 20,333 patents# AlcatelBLucent has operations in more than /43 countries# $n 23// it was added to the (ow ;ones Sustainabilit% $nde'# I2J On Ma% 22, 23/2, AlcatelBLucent announced the de"elopment of its L10:3 CRS,L which is an $nternet router capable of speeds up to fi"e times faster than speeds offered b% the nearest competitor# I4J *he compan% is under the leadership of Chief E'ecuti"e Officer =en Aerwaa%en and the nonBe'ecuti"e Chairman of the =oard is Philippe Camus# AlcatelBLucentDs "ision is to enrich peopleDs li"es b% transformin! the wa% the world communicates# AlcatelB Lucent pro"ides solutions that enable ser"ice pro"iders, enterprises and !o"ernments worldwide, to deli"er "oice, data and "ideo communication ser"ices to endBusers# As a leader in fi'ed, mobile and con"er!ed broadband access, carrier and enterprise $P technolo!ies, applications, and ser"ices, AlcatelBLucent offers the endB toBend solutions that enable compellin! communications ser"ices for people at home, at wor and on the mo"e# &ith 11,333 emplo%ees and operations in more than /43 countries, AlcatelBLucent is a local partner with !lobal reach# AlcatelBLucent achie"ed adMusted re"enues of Euro /1#< billion in 2331, and is incorporated in 9rance, with e'ecuti"e offices located in Paris# O#=an(4at('n- &ith a stron! focus on complete solutions ma'imi)in! "alue for customers, AlcatelBLucent is or!ani)ed around three business !roups and two !eo!raphic re!ions# *he Carrier =usiness +roup ser"es fi'ed, wireless and con"er!ent ser"ice pro"iders B as well as enterprises and !o"ernments for their business critical communications# Re=('nal G#'u")- *he compan%Ns !lobal head@uarters is in Paris, 9rance# *here are re!ional !roups for the Americas, Asia Pacific K China, and Europe, Middle East K Africa# Middle East and Africa Head@uarters are at Smart Ailla!e, +i)a, E!%pt# Alcatel is present in $tal% with "arious research centers? Aimercate 5 in Lombard% 6, Rieti, =attipa!lia, *ries te, +eno"a, =ari, >aples, Rome andSesto 9iorentino AlcatelBLucentDs two +eo!raphic Re!ions are? Europe, Africa and Asia, headed b% Etienne 9ou@ues# Americas, headed b% Robert AriM# Alcatel.Lucent >()('n? M())('n an2 >alue)- *he AlcatelBLucent Aision, Mission and Aalues form the cornerstones of our compan%# Our >()('n (efinition of future success *o enrich peopleDs li"es b% transformin! the wa% the world communicates# Our M())('n Purpose and path to reali)e the "ision *o use our uni@ue capabilities to ensure that our customers thri"e, our business !rows and we enrich the personal communications e'perience for people around the world# Our >alue) A s%stem of shared beliefs that are at the heart of e"er%thin! we do# Customers 9irst $nno"ation *eamwor Respect Accountabilit% In2u)t#y Analy)()- Paistan has e"ol"ed as one of the telecom sectorDs e% in"estment prospects enMo%in! the hi!hest teleBdensit% in South Asia throu!h increased le"el of mobile penetration, coupled with sur!in! demand in technolo!ies, satellite access, telecom e@uipments and ser"ices as it has de"eloped one of the fastest !rowin! telecom networs in the world# Paistan telecom sector performance particularl% in terms of infrastructure, e@uipments and subscriber !rowth patters is unmatched across the world# AlcatelBLucent is facin! lots of !iant competitors in the maret e#!# Huaweii *echnolo!ies, O*E, Siemens, >oia etc# E'istence of all these multinationals has increased the competition with the elapse of time which has ultimatel% pushed countr%Ds econom% towards pro!ress and benefited the end user# AlcatelBLucent is comparati"el% standin! on a "er% stron! position as it has made different contracts with man% telecom ser"icin! companies in Paistan e#!# Mobilin, China Mobile and &arid *elecom and it has relati"el% hi!h maret share# *elecom ser"ice pro"idin! companies will ha"e more business and competition in the future as few more telecom companies are e'pected to enter in the Paistani maret e#!# Aodafone and Si!*ell# &ith these companies, competition will also rise in the maret which will ultimatel% enhance the ser"ice @ualit% and efficienc% to their o"erall ser"ices# Currentl%, due to instabilit% of countr%Ds economic situation, lots of companies in telecom sector are facin! hu!e problems as the% are downsi)in! their emplo%ees on a lar!e scale but AlcatelBLucent is stron! enou!h to cater this situation efficientl% and effecti"el% without effectin! their emplo%ees which is a !ood si!n for compan%Ds reputabilit%# Overview of Internship at Alcatel Lucent (urin! m% sta% as an internee in Alcatel.Lucent (M'1(l(n, +#'@ect) in R>E (epartment and OMCBR, $ ha"e performed different tass# $ ha"e learned? (ri"e *estin! usin! TEMS IN>ESTIGATION Usin! 7:9 OMC.R '/ Alcatel.Lucent 5Mobilin ProMect6# Conductin! routine super"ision for maintenance Of Alcatel.Lucent 5Mobilin ProMect6 =SS Platforms# Allocation of timeslots for E(+E, from a"ailable 42 timeslots of A=$S Chan!in! PrefBmars of different *REs
(eletion and then recreation of RSLs# Checin! Cell Report of different =*S sites Appl%in! &or Around on different downFfault% cases of *RES Performin! AlarmFState Audit on different =*S sites to detect Specific Problems related to *RES# Current K Historical Alarms Collection of different sites usin! OMCBR Performin! &or Orders for Missin!FLoced Cases of *REs Performin! &or Orders for UpF(own Cases of *REs# *his internship pro"ided me a chance to wor in the repair department and learn about fi'in! and maintenance of e@uipment# $ was also !i"en in"aluable e'perience re!ardin! power transfer and "olta!e con"ersion# MY INTERNSHIP WORK $dentif%in! the (ownF9ault% *REs# Assistin! the person on site for conductin! different t%pe of acti"ities for site maintenance# Assistin! the person on site for conductin! different t%pe of acti"ities for Low Efficient *REs# Usin! >PO software for checin! statistics of different *REs installed at different sites# $dentification of Rac, Shelf and Slot of fault% 9an units, or 9an units ha"in! alarms from list of alarms !enerated b% OMCBR# Preparation of weel% Alarm List of fault% 9anBunits and facbs of all OMCs# Swot analysis of Alcatel Lucent O""'#tun(t(e)- +rowth in telecommunication industr% More aware and technolo!% understandin! consumer . a base that is !rowin! at a fast rate Maret open for more number of products . less dependence on sin!le cate!or% or product *ime to establish brand lo%alt%, PreBempt competitors, coBopt partners, in"est in technolo!% and networs T&#eat)- Lar!e number of $nternational pla%ers, reduction in settlement rates Efficient operators >ew technolo!ies E'pected competition Conclusions: >o doubt AlcatelBLucent is worin! on a lar!e scale but the time has come when competition will force compan% to chan!e its policies to become fa"orite telecom ser"ice pro"ider in the maret K eep its current place K customer base# *he actual worin! substances are the human bein!s #$t !oes with out sa%in! that Human resources are the most important in the or!ani)ation and so does the Human Resource# After all, this internship helped me to learn a lot# $ ha"e been able to !et familiar with en"ironment of MultiBnational Companies, worin! of AlcatelBLucent >etwor which $ am sure will help me a lot in future# $ am still eepin! m% options open for new opportunities# *his was an e'cellent e'perience and $ hope this trainin! period will pro"e to be much more useful in m% life ahead#