1. Simplify (a 2  a m )3 .

A. a6m

B. a5  m

C. a 5  3m

D. a 6  3m
1
2. Simplify ( ab2 )3 .
5
1 3 6
A. ab
125
1 3 6
B.  ab
125
1 2 5
C. a b
15
1 3 5
D.  ab
15
3. Which of the following is incorrect?

A. a m  n  a  ( n  m)

am
B. am  n 
an
an
C. am  n 
am
1
D. am  n  nm
a
3 2
4. Simplify ( )3  ( ) 2 .
4 3
16
A.
3
28
B.
35
35
C.
28
3
D.
16
5. Express 40 in scientific notation.

P.1
 A. 4 1
B. 4  10 1
C. 4  10 1
D. 4  10 1
6. Express 4 050  10 24 in scientific notation.
A. 4.05  10 21
B. 4.05  10 21
C. 4.05  10 26
D. 4.05  10 27
1
7. Evaluate 103 , express your answer in scientific notation and correct to 3 significant
100
figures.
5
A. 1  10
5
B. 1.00  10
4
C. 0.001  10
3
D. 0.01  10
8. Evaluate 3.903  10 4  4.03  10 3 , express your answer in scientific notation and correct to 4
significant figures.
A. 3.640  10 3
B. 3.640  10 3
C. 3.500  10 2
D. 3.500  10 2
9. If the digit 6 in 69 385 is replaced by digit 1, what is the difference between the numbers?
A. 50
B. 500
C. 5 000
D. 50 000
10. Which of the following binary numbers is even?
A. 10 110 2
B. 10 111 2
C. 10 101 2
D. 11 111 2

P.2
 ( xy 2 ) 3
1. Simplify the following expressions. (a) ( x 2 y 3 ) 4 ( xyz) 2 (b)
x4 y5

y x a 2b 3
2. Simplify the following expressions. (a) ( 2
)3 ( 2
)2 (b) ( 2
)2 ( )
x y b a

3n  1 3n  1
3. Simplify the following expressions. (a) (b)
3n 1 27 n

x  x 1 2x 3 y 2
4. Simplify and express your answers in positive indices.(a) (b) ( ) 2
x2 x0 y3
1
5. (a) (2 x 0 y 2 )( x 3 y 2 ) (b) ( 2 x 4 y 3 )  ( x 4 y 2 )
2
1
729y 3
6. Simplify ( )3 and express your answer in positive indices.
125x 6 z 9
1 1

7. If x 2  2 , find the value of x. 8. If ( x )(x p 2p
)  (x )
3 4
, find the value of p.
1
9. If 27 x  , find the value of x. 10. If (81  x )(2 2 x )  162 x , find the value of x.
9

11. If 3 x  1  3 x  162  0 , find the value of x. 12. If 5 x  1  5 x  1  650  0 , find the value of x.

13. It is given that the weight of one million oxygen atoms is 5.31 1017 g .
(a) Find the weight of one oxygen atom.
(b) Find the weight of a certain volume of gas which contains 2  1013 oxygen atoms only.
(Express your answers in scientific notati on.)
14. (a) Use all the numerals 0, 1 and 2 (without repetition) to form all possible 3-digit denary
numbers.
(b) Hence, write down the smallest 3-digit denary number.
15. (a) (i) Write down the smallest 4-digit denary number.
(ii) Write down the greatest 4-digit denary number.
(b) Hence, find the difference between the smallest and the largest 4 -digit denary numbers.

P.3
 1. D

(a 2  a m ) 3  (a 2  m ) 3
 a 3( 2  m)
 a 6  3m
2. B
1 1
( ab 2 ) 3  ( ) 3 a 3 b 6
5 5
1 3 6
 a b
125
3. C
1 am
a m  n  a ( n  m )  or a m  n 
an  m an
an
∴ am  n  is incorrect.
am
4. D
3 2 3 1
( ) 3  ( ) 2  ( ) 3 
4 3 4 ( 23 ) 2
33 22
 
43 32
33 2

2 6 2
3

24
3

16
1
5. C 40  4  10
 4 050  1024  4.05  103  1024
6. D
 4.05  1027
1
7. B  103  0.01 103
100

 1.00  105 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)

8. B 3.903 104  4.03  103  0.390 3  103  4.03  103

 3.639 7  103

 3.640  103 (corr. to 4 sig. fig.)

9. D New number  19 385

P.4
 ∴ The difference  69 385  19 385
 50 000
10. A If the last digit of a binary number is 0, the number is even.
∴ 10 110 2 is even.

P.5
 ( xy 2 ) 3 x3 y 6
1. (a) ( x 2 y 3 ) 4 ( xyz) 2  ( x 8 y 12 )( x 2 y 2 z 2 ) (b) 
x4 y5 x4 y5
x y z
10 14 2
y

x

y x y3 x2 a 2b 3 a 2 23 b3
2. (a) ( 2
)3 ( 2
)2  ( 6
)( 4
) (b) ( 2
)2 ( )  ( 4 )( 3 )
x y x y b a b a
1 8
 
x4 y ab

3n  1 3 n  1 (3) 2 3n  1 3n  1
3. (a)  (b) 
3n 1 3n 1 27 n 3 3n
9  3 n  1  3n
 31  2 n

x  x 1 2x 3 y 2 2 x 3 2
4. (a)  x1  1  2 (b) ( ) 2  ( )
x2 x0 y3 y
 x 2 y
( )2
1 2x 3
 2
x y2

4x 6

1 2
5. (a) (2 x 0 y 2 )( x 3 y 2 )  ( )( x 3 ) y 2  2 (b) ( 2 x 4 y 3 )  ( x  4 y  2 )  2 x 4  ( 4) y 3  ( 2)
2 2
 2 x 8 y 1
  x3
2 x 8

y

1 1 1
729y 3 36 y 3 
6. ( )3  ( )3 7. x 2 2
125x 6 z 9
53 x 6 z 9
1

32 y (x 2 )2  22

5x 2 z 3 x 1  4
9y
 1
5x 2 z 3 x
4

1
p 2p 3 4
8. ( x )( x )  (x )
3
p  2p
x  x4

P.6
 3
∴ 3p 
4
1
p
4

1
9. 27 x 
9

33 x  3 2
∴ 3x  2
2
x 
3

10. (81  x )(2 2 x )  162 x

(2 3 )1  x 2 2 x  (2 4 ) 2 x

23  3x  2 2 x  28 x

23  3x  2 x  28 x
∴ 3  3x  2 x  8 x
3x  3
x 1

11. 3 x  1  3 x  162  0

3(3 x )  (3 x )  162

2(3 x )  162

3 x  81

3 x  34
∴ x 4

12. 5 x  1  5 x  1  650  0

5 2 (5 x  1 )  (5 x  1 )  650

(25  1)(5 x  1 )  650

650
5 x 1 
26

5 x  1  25

5 x 1  52
∴ x 1  2

P.7
 x 3

5.31 1017
13. (a) Weight of one oxygen atom  g  5.31 1023 g
1 000 000

(b) Weight of the gas  [(5.31 1023 )  (2  1013 )] g  1.062  109 g

14. (a) 102, 120, 210, 201 (b) 102

15. (a) (i) 1 000 (ii) 9 999
(b) Difference between the smallest and the largest 4-digit binary numbers
 9 999  1 000
 8 999

P.8