1 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number

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Module 1
RNC Architecture Overview
RN3.0
2 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Module Objectives
At the end of the module the participant will be able to:
List and explain the main functions of NSN RAN in general and the functions
of specific RAN network elements
Describe briefly the mechanical construction of the RNC
List the main functional units and describe the purpose of each
Describe the role of HMS
Explain the Data flow in the RNC
3 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Network Architecture (Rel 4)
3G-SGSN
RNC RNC
BTS
BSC BSC
WBTS
MGW MGW
External
IP networks
IP/ATM
Backbone
MGW
PSTN/ISDN
Other PLMN
HLR
MSS MSS
GGSN
GCS
WCDMA/GSM
mobile
4 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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NSN Radio Network Controller
Based on IPA2800 platform
RNC functionality:
Radio Resource Management
Telecom
Transmission and transport
O&M
Interface to NetAct
User interface
Measurements and statistics
5 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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UTRAN
Iu-CS
Uu
User Equipment
(UE)
Iur Iub
DRNC
WBTS
WBTS
WBTS
WBTS
SRNC
Core Network
(CN)
3G-
SGSN
3G-
MSC
Iu-PS
UTRAN Interfaces
CBC
Iu-BC
SAS
or
A-GPS
Server
Iu-pc
or
ADIF
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Mechanics (M2000)
Cabinet mechanics for indoor use
Cabinet contains 4 subracks, 4 fan trays,
and power distribution equipment
EMC shielding at subrack level rather
than at cabinet level
Front and back cabling
Based on metric dimensioning (IEC/ETSI)
A3/A4 hardware mechanics (RNC 196):
IC186-B Indoor Cabinet, 1800*600*600 mm
SRA1 Subrack, ATM, type 1
SRA2 Subrack, ATM, type 2
FTRA Fan Tray
A5 hardware mechanics(RNC450):
EC216 Equipment Cabinet, 2100*600*600
mm
SRA3 Subrack, ATM, type 3
FTRA-B Fan Tray 1200W
RNC450
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RNC196 and RNC450
RNC 196
RNC450
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Units Redundancy (1/2)
Duplicate (2N)
One spare for every active unit.
Replacement (N+1)
One spare for a group of PIUs within a functional unit.
Load Sharing (SN+)
A group of PIUs within a functional unit acts as resource pool.
No Redundancy
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Power Distribution System
Purpose:
Distributes the -48 V/-60 V power from the rectifiers or batteries to
the equipment inside the RNC cabinets
Consists of:
CPD120-A panel at the top of each cabinet
PD30 plug-in units in each subracks
PD30 controls the cooling equipment of its own subrack on the
basis of messages sent by the OMU
Redundancy: None
Units: CPD80/120-A Cabinet Power Distributor 80/120 A
PD20/30 Power Distribution Plug-in Unit
20/30 A
10 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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PIU Power Distributor
PD30
11 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Timing and Synchronization System (1/2)
Purpose:
Receives an input timing signal from upper network level, and
adjusts its local oscillator to long time mean value and delivers this
synchronised timing signal as system timing to all plug-in units in
the same subrack and TBUF
Operates in plesiochronous mode, if all synchronisation are lost
Collect alarms from the PIUs in the same subrack and transfer
them to HMS master (OMU)
3 synchronisation inputs from line interface card
8 synchronisation outputs support maximum 8-cabinet
configuration
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: TSS3 Timing and Synchronization SDH Stratum
3
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Timing and Synchronization System (2/2)
13 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Timing Buffer (1/2)
Purpose:
The TBUF unit is a clock buffer
Distributes the synchronisation signals generated by the TSS3s to
plug-in units not directly fed by the TSS3s.
Collects the alarms from the PIUS in the same subrack and
transfers them further to the HMS master net, which brings the
alarms to the appropriate OMU.
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in units: TBUF Timing Buffer
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Timing Buffer (2/2)
15 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Timing Bus
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Hardware Management System (HMS)
HMS Master Node (HMMN)
HMS Bridge (HMSB)
HMS Slave (HMSS)
17 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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HMS Nodes
HMS Master Node (HMMN)
Head of Hardware Management System, which has responsible for example
selecting the transfer line and supervision of HMS bridge nodes
Reside on OMU
HMS Bridge (HMSB)
Divides Hardware Management System into subnetwork, which physically
each subrack
Reside on TSS3 and TBUF
HMS Slave (HMSS)
Interfaces with for example PIUs power and hardware alarms
Reside on all PIUs except OMS and ESA12/24
18 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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HMS Bus
19 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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RNC Functional Architecture
E1/T1/JT1
ATM
SFU
MXU
MXU
TBU
OMU
CU*
CU*
STM-1
ATM VC47VC3
CU*
NIS1/
NIS1P
NIP1
MXU
A2SU
CU*
SPU*
WDU
Ethernet
OMS
FDU
WDU
Network Interfaces
NIP1 (E1 ATM)
NIS1 (STM-1)
Computer Units
ICSU, RRMU,
RSMU, OMU, GTPU
Switching
and Multiplexing units
SFU, MXU, A2SU
Signal
Processing
Unit
(DMCU)
Timing and
Synchronization
units
TSS3, TBUF
20 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Switching Fabric Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Serves as the main switch fabric of the exchange
Operates according to a non-blocking connection principle
Supports both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connection
topologies
Handles various ATM service categories.
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: SF10 ATM Switch Fabric Plug-in Unit 10 Gbps
SF20H ATM Switch Fabric Plug-in Unit 20 Gbps
21 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Switching Fabric Unit (2/2)
RNAC
22 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Multiplexer Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Enables connection of the low-to-medium bit-rate signal processing
units and computer units, as well as low-bit-rate network interface
units, to the ATM switch fabric
Performs the multiplexing and demultiplexing of ATM cells
ATM layer management and processing functions such as header
translation, UPC/NPC parameter control, OAM functions, traffic
management
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: MX622-B / MX622-C / MX622-D / MX1G6
ATM Multiplexer Plug-in Unit 622 Mbps
ATM Multiplexer Plug-in Unit 1,6 Gbps
23 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Multiplexer Unit (2/2)
RNAC
24 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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AAL Type 2 Switching Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
The A2SU is an AAL Type 2 CPS minipacket switching unit, which
is used in association with the Multiplexing Unit (MXU)
Guarantee bandwidth efficient and limits the transfer delay and of
AAL type 2 connection
Redundancy: SN+
Plug-in unit: AL2S-A / AL2S-B / AL2S-D
Configurable Dynamic Signal Processing
Platform (CDSP)
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AAL Type 2 Switching Unit (2/2)
AL2S-D
RNAC
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Operation and Maintenance Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Handles all the RNC's crucial maintenance functions, such as
hardware configuration management, Hardware Management
System (HMS) supervision, and the associated centralised
recovery functions.
Activates appropriate recovery and diagnostics procedures
Serves as an interface between the OMS and the other units
Houses the databases containing entire system software, alarms
and radio network configuration.
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A
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Operation and Maintenance Unit (2/2)
RNAC
CCP18-A
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OMU's storage devices
HDS-B, consist of
two Hard Disk Drive
(HDD): One for
OMU and another
for OMS
73 GB formatted
storage
capacity/disk
Redundancy type :
2N
RNAC
29 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Radio Resource Management Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Performs centralized part of telecom signaling
Controls signaling connections between RNC and CN, and between RNCs.
Maintains centralized information, including PIDs, state changes of
subsystems, UL scrambling codes, etc. of the MS.
Paging message grouping and routing to the RRC protocol according to the
centralized connection information.
Takes care of resource releasing due the fault situations of ICSU units
(e.g. forced switchover, reset, overload)
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A
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Radio Resource Management Unit (2/2)
RNAC
CCP18-A
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Interface Control and Signalling Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Handles signalling transaction and RRM functions:
Signalling protocols to Iu, Iub, Iur and Iu-BC interfaces for
NBAP, RNSAP, RANAP, SABP signalling
ALCAP (Q.2630.1) signalling
RRC signalling
Termination of the UNI-SAAL (Iub), NNI-SAAL/MTP-3 (Iur and Iu) and TCP/IP (Iu-BC)
signalling links
Monitoring and recovery of the signalling links
Radio resource management functions
Admission control (AC)
Handover control (HC)
Load control (LC)
Packet scheduling (PS)
Redundancy: N+1
Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A
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Interface Control and Signalling Unit (2/2)
RNAC
CCP18-A
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Resource and Switch Management Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Establishes connections for calls according to requests from the
signalling computer units (ICSUs)
Handles DSP resource management
Allocation of the DSPs and associated computer resources to different tasks,
such as macrodiversity combining and data traffic functions.
ATM switching management functions:
Establishment of both internal and external connections via the SFU
Management and control of the SFU, A2SU and MXU.
Transmission resource management.
Redundancy: 2N
Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A
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Resource and Switch Management Unit (2/2)
RNAC
CCP18-A
35 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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GPRS Tunnelling Protocol Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Facilitates RNC connections towards the SGSN
Routing based on GTP tunnel ID
UDP/IP (User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol) protocols termination
IP and GTP protocol processing
Redundancy: SN+
Plug-in unit: CCP10 / CCP18-A
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GPRS Tunnelling Protocol Unit (2/2)
CCP18-A
RNAC
37 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Computer System
CCPC2-A Control Computer, P III, Connector 2
Intel Pentium III processor at 500 MHz
up to 512 MB SDRAM
SCSI Interface
CCP10 Control Computer, P III
Intel Pentium III processor at 800 MHz
up to 2 GB SDRAM
SCSI Interface
Performance is approximately 1.3 x CCPC2-A
CCP18-A / CCP18-C Control Computer
Intel M 745 (Dothan) 1.8GHz
2GB memory
4x USB2 connectors in front panel
SCSI Interface
Performance is approximately 2 x CCP10 / 2.6 x CCPC2-A CCP18-A
38 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Data and Macro-Diversity Combining Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
WCDMA L1 functions, including macro-diversity combining (MDC)
and outer loop power control.
RLC and MAC functions
PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) protocol processing
GTP termination
Encryption
Redundancy: SN+
Plug-in unit: CDSP-B / CDSP-C / CDSP-DH
Configurable Dynamic Signal Processing
Platform
39 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Data and Macro-Diversity Combining Unit (2/2)
RNAC
40 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Operations and Maintenance Server Unit (1/2)
Purpose:
Local user interface
Interface towards the higher level network management system
(OSS)
Firewall functionality for protecting LAN/Ethernet connections to
environment
O&M functionalities which are not handled by other computer unit
Post-processing of Fault management and Performance Data
Peripheral device control
Redundancy: None
Plug-in unit: MCPC2-A / MCP18-B
Management Computer,
Pentium III Connector2
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Operations and Maintenance Server Unit (2/2)
MCP18-B
RNAC
42 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Ethernet Switch ESA12 and ESA 24
RNAC
43 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Network Interface Unit PDH (NIP1)
Purpose:
ATM network interface
with 16 electrical
interfaces
SW configurable to
E1/T1/JT1
Supports Inverse
Multiplexing for ATM (IMA)
Redundancy: None
Plug-in unit: NI16P1A
Network Interface
16 * PDH E1/T1/JT1
(ATM)
RNAC
44 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Network Interface Unit STM-1 (NIS1)
Purpose:
ATM network interface
with 4 optical interfaces
VC-4 and VC-3 mapping
of ATM cells
SDH transmission
protection (MSP 1+1) &
equipment protection
Redundancy:
None / 2N (NIS1P)
Plug-in unit:
NI4S1-B
Network Interface,
4 * SDH STM-1
(ATM)
RNAC
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Multiplex Section Protection (MSP)
Compliant with standard SDH MSP (Multiplex Section Protection)
Against equipment failures (at the interface)
Against point-to-point link failures
Protecting link
Working link
Site RNC
Working STM-1 interface
Protecting STM-1 interface
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Summary of Units Redundancy in RNC
2N NIS1P
None EHU
None FDU
None OMS
SN+ DMCU
SN+ GTPU
None NIP1
None NIS1
2N TBU
2N WDU
N+1 ICSU
SN+ A2SU
2N RRMU
2N RSMU
2N SFU
2N MXU
2N OMU
Redundancy Functional Unit
47 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Data Flow in RNC
User data between UE and MGW
User data between UE and SGSN
User data via RACH/FACH channel between UE and SGSN
Common control channels (RACH and FACH)
Dedicated control channels
Permanent signalling links
48 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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A2SU
User Data between UE and MGW
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
ICSU
GTPU
Iub from WBTS 1
Iub from WBTS 2
Iur from WBTS 3
via DRNC
To MGW
SRNC
WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3
MGW
DRNC
3G-SGSN
49 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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User Data between UE and SGSN
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
GTPU
ICSU
WBTS3
MGW
DRNC
Iub from WBTS 1
Iub from WBTS 2
To3G-SGSN
In NRT data
maximum of two
legs is enough to
ensure sufficient
quality for the
signal
SRNC
WBTS1 WBTS2
3G-SGSN
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User Data via RACH/FACH Channel between UE and
SGSN
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
GTPU
ICSU
Iub from WBTS 1
To 3G-
SGSN
SRNC
WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3
MGW
DRNC
3G-SGSN
Only hard
handovers are
supported for
RACH/ FACH
51 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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Common Control Channels RACH/FACH
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
GTPU
ICSU
SRNC
WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3
MGW
DRNC
3G-SGSN
Iub from WBTS 1
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Dedicated Control Channels
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
GTPU
ICSU
RNC
WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3
MGW
RNC
3G-SGSN
Iub from WBTS 1
Iub from WBTS 2
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Permanent Signalling Links
RRMU
RSMU
OMU
WDU
Ethernet
100Base-TX
OMS
MDS
MXU
SFU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
NIS1P
NIS1
TBU
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
MXU
DMCU
ICSU
GTPU
A2SU
NIP1
GTPU
ICSU
RNC
WBTS1 WBTS2 WBTS3
MGW
RNC
3G-SGSN
Interface Link type
Iub NBAP common
NBAP dedicated
AAL2 signalling
Iur RNSAP
AAL2 signalling
Iu RANAP
AAL2 signalling
Iub from WBTS 1
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RNC450 Capacity Steps
Three capacity steps for
higher
Iub Capacity:
450/150
450/300
450/450
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Capacity Step RNC 450/150
The RNC 450 capacity step 150
implements the minimum capacity
Fully equipped RNAC cabinet
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Capacity Step RNC450/300
The RNC450 capacity step 300 consists
of a fully equipped RNAC cabinet and
cabinet mechanics for an RNBC cabinet
This includes all 4 subracks for an RNAC
cabinet, all needed plug-in unit types for
subrack numbers 1 and 2 of an RNBC
cabinet and cover plates for subracks
numbers 3 and 4 of an RNBC cabinet
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Capacity Step RNC450/450
The RNC450 capacity step 450 consists
of all the required plug-in unit types in
RNAC and RNBC cabinets
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Summary Capacity Steps in RNC450
100 000 70 000 35 000 RRC connected mode users
3 594 2 800 1 950 AAL2UP Connectivity Mbps
512 300 200 Number of BTS
1 152 900 600 Number of Carriers
450 300 150 Iub Throughput Mbps
8 000 6 250 4 000 Erlangs
295 000 231 000 147 000 Busy hour call attempts
360 000 284 000 181 000 Number of Subscribers
RNC450/450 RNC450/300 RNC450/150 High Capacity RNC
59 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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RNC196 Capacity Steps 1/2
RNC196 Capacity Step 1
This is the minimum RNC configuration. The cabinet
RNAC is fully equipped. A second cabinet is not
required.
RNC196 Capacity Step 2
The cabinet RNBC contains all four subracks - with
subrack 1 fully equipped.
Subracks 2, 3 and 4 in the cabinet RNBC contain no
plug-in units, not even PD20 or TBUF units. These
subracks are only equipped with cover plates.
RNC196 Capacity Step 3
The second subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped in
the same way as the first subrack.
RNC196 Capacity Step 4
The third subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped
RNC196 Capacity Step 5
The forth subrack in cabinet RNBC is equipped
RNC196 Capacity Step 6
Both cabinets are used and capacity is achieved by
replacing plug in units and/or upgrading to newest
variants
RNC196 Capacity Step 7
Both cabinets are used and capacity is achieved by
upgrading to newest variants
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6&7
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RNC196 Capacity Steps 2/2
Upgrade from capacity step5 (196
Mbps) to capacity step 6, (300
Mbps)-
Requires following plug-in-Unit
version levels CCP10 (RRMU,
RSMU, ICSU, GTPU), MX622-D
(MXU), CDSP-C (DMCU) and
CCP18-A (OMU)
Upgrade from capacity step 5 (196
Mbps) to capacity step 7, (450
Mbps)
Requires following plug-in-Unit
version levels CCP18-A (OMU,
RRMU, RSMU, ICSU, GTPU),
MX622-D (MXU), CDSP-C (DMCU)
and AL2S-D (A2SU)
5
RNC196/step5
RNC196upg/450
RNC196upg/300
6
7
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Capacity Steps in RNC 196
AL2S-B
AL2S-D 3 594 3 594 2 800 2 400 1 950 1 450 950
300M 159M 85M 122M 450M 196M 48M
100 000
-
512
1 152
450
8 000
295 000
360 000
70 000
1 300
512
1 152
300
6 800
251 000
300 000
60 000
1 000
512
1 152
196
6 800
251 000
300 000
30 000
550
256
576
85
2 700
99 000
122 000
50 000 40 000 20 000
RRC connected mode
users
850 700 400
AAL2UP
Connectivity
Mbps
420 340 170 Number of BTS
960 768 384 Number of Carriers
159 122 48 Iub Throughput Mbps
5 400 4 000 1 300 Erlangs
199 000 147 000 48 000
Busy hour call
attempts
240 000 181 000 59 000 Number of Subscribers
RNC196
High Capacity RNC
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Review of RNC Architecture Overview
1 - Which of the following is not a RNC feature
a. RRM functions
b. Management of the radio network and resources
c. Switching and multiplexing functions
d. Transcoding
e. Signalling processes toward Iu, Iub and Iur interfaces
f. Interface to NetAct
2 - Which of these elements is/are based on the IPA2800 NSN ATM Platform:
a. 3G SGSN
b. MGW and RNC
c. GGSN
d. BTS
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3 - How many capacity steps there are for the RNC196?
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
4 - Which one is not a feature of new RNC (RNC450)?
a. New cabinet type
b. New subrack type
c. New Cabinet Power Distributor Unit
d. New Power Distributor Plug-in unit
e. New Fan Tray
f. New Plug-in unit for OMU (CCP18-A)
g. New Ethernet switch Unit
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5 - Internal signalling connections of IPA2800 are using:
a. a switching fabric that is also used for external traffic
b. a message bus connecting all the units
c. a separate internal traffic switch connecting all the units
d. None of the above
6 - Which of the following is the responsibility of OMU?
a. Hosting of the radio network configuration and recovery in case of unit failures
b. Radio resource management and call management
c. SFU connection control and DSP resource management functions
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
65 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date / Document Number
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7 - Identify the functionalities from the list below:
a. Main operations and maintenance
functions
b. SDH interface unit
c. RANAP, RNSAP and NBAP
protocol processing
d. Provides GUI for Radio Network
configuration
e. Multiplexing of low bit rate flows
towards SFU
f. Iu-PS interface IP processing
g. AAL2 multiplexing/demultiplexing
h. Performs macrodiversity combining,
encryption, etc.
i. Controls DSP and ATM recourses
j. Main switching unit of RNC
1. A2SU
2. OMU
3. ICSU
4. GTPU
5. SFU
6. RSMU
7. MXU
8. NIS1
9. DMCU
10.OMS
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8 -The OMS is considered as HMS slave (HMSS)?
a. True
b. False
9 -TSS3 is located always in the first two subracks of the main and the extension
cabinet?
a. True
b. False
10 - Which of the following is the responsibility of the RRMU?
a. Processing the IP connections to SGSN
b. Reserving DSP on DMCU PIU
c. Multiplexing the AAL2 mini packets
d. All the above
e. None of the above