Datos: Altura: Piso a Techo: 2.30 m Sobrecarga: 400 Kg/cm 2 Ancho de Escalera: 1.20 m f'c = 210 Kg/cm 2 fy = 4200 Kg/cm 2 2.3 m 0.00 1.- Dimensiones de paso y contrapaso: Asumir Contrapaso: 0.17 m N de Contrapasos: 13.53 Considerar el N de contrapasos = 14 Dimension Final del contrapaso: 0.16 Considerar CP = 0.16 m P = 0.2500 m 0.90 m 0.15 m 2.30 m hn = 2.14 m Ln 3.25 m 0.4 m 2.3 m -0.16 m 2.30 m 1.50 m 0.90 m -0.25 m NPT: 0.00 NPT: NPT NPT 0.00 m NPT NPT CALCULO DEL ESPESOR DE GARGANTA "h": Dimensionamiento : Primer tramo: Ln Ln 20 25 Usar t = 17.0 cm Segundo tramo: t = 0.108 0.086 rec = 2.00 cm Usar t = 17.0 cm hm = h + CP/2 = t / Cos Q + CP/2 P (P^2 + CP^2)^0.5 Clculo del Espesor Promedio P CP METRADO DE CARGAS: 1 er TRAMO En los escalones Wu1: a) Peso Propio = 0.822 tn/m b) Acabados = 0.120 tn/m WD = 0.942 tn/m c) Sobrecarga = 0.480 tn/m W1= 1.422 tn/m Wu1 = 1.4WD +1.7 WL Wu1 = 2.135 tn/m En el descanso Wu2: a) Peso Propio = 0.490 tn/m b) Acabados = 0.120 tn/m WD = 0.610 tn/m c) Sobrecarga = 0.48 tn/m W2 = 1.090 tn/m Wu2 = 1.4WD +1.7 WL Wu2 = 1.669 tn/m 0.836 0.2075 t = hm = 28.56 cm 0.166 Cos Q = = h t hm Q W1 = 2.135 t/m 1.67 t/m M 1 - M 2 - R1 3.45 m 0.98 m Sum A = 0 4.425 R1 - 5.77 - 0.81 = 0 R1 = 1.487 Ton Vx = R1 - Wu1. Xo = 0 Xo = 0.70 m Mmx = R1. Xo - Wu1 (Xo^2/2) = 0.518 Mmx = 0.518 tn.m Considerando 3/8" d = 14.525 cm M diseo = 0.466 tn-m interando : a = 2.905 As = 0.943 cm2 a = 0.18 As = 0.854 cm2 a = 0.17 As = 0.853 cm2 a = 0.17 As = 0.853 cm2 Entonces: As = 0.853 cm2 Cuantilla minima : min = 0.0018 Asmin = 3.1374 cm2 Por lo tanto: As = 3.137 cm2 1/2" : 1.207 cm2 3/8": 0.713 cm2 diametro a trabajar: = 0.713 cm2 s = 0.227 cm USAR : 3/8": @ 0.33 cm Espaciamiento mx = S mx = 51.0 cm S mx = 45 cm Refuerzo negativo - As = 1.569 cm2 Asmin = 3.1374 cm2 Se considera la mitad del refuerzo positivo, debido a que el apoyo de muro de alba- ileria portante continuo es un apoyo rgido USAR : 3/8": @ 0.35 cm Acero transversal = Ast = 3.06 cm2 Por lo tanto: USAR : 3/8": @ 0.23 cm A 2 do TRAMO hm = h + CP/2 = t / Cos Q + CP/2 P (P^2 + CP^2)^0.5 En los escalones Wu1: a) Peso Propio = 0.822 tn/m b) Acabados = 0.120 tn/m WD = 0.942 tn/m c) Sobrecarga = 0.480 tn/m W1= 1.422 tn/m Wu1 = 1.4WD +1.7 WL Wu1 = 2.135 tn/m En el descanso Wu2: a) Peso Propio = 0.490 tn/m b) Acabados = 0.120 tn/m WD = 0.610 tn/m c) Sobrecarga = 0.48 tn/m W2 = 1.090 tn/m Wu2 = 1.4WD +1.7 WL Wu2 = 1.669 tn/m 1.67 t/m W1 = 2.135 t/m 1.67 t/m M 2 - R1 1.50 m -0.25 m 0.90 m Sum A = 0 2.150 R1 - 1.65 - 0.75 - 2.34 = 0 R1 = 2.206 Ton Vx = R1 - W2. Xo -(W1-W2)(Xo - a) = 0 Xo = 1.36 m Mmx = R1. Xo - Wu2 (Xo^2/2)-(W1-W2)(Xo-a)^2/2 = 1.452 Mmx = 1.452 tn.m Considerando 1/2" d = 14.365 cm M diseo = 1.307 tn-m Cos Q = = 0.836 hm = 28.56 cm A interando : a = 2.873 As = 0.942 cm2 a = 0.18 As = 0.854 cm2 a = 0.17 As = 0.853 cm2 a = 0.17 As = 0.853 cm2 Entonces: As = 0.853 cm2 Cuantilla minima : min = 0.0018 Asmin = 3.1374 cm2 Por lo tanto: As = 3.137 cm2 1/2" : 1.207 cm2 3/8": 0.713 cm2 diametro a trabajar: = 0.713 cm2 s = 0.227 cm USAR : 3/8": @ 0.30 cm Espaciamiento mx = S mx = 51.0 cm S mx = 45 cm Refuerzo negativo - As = 1.569 cm2 Asmin = 3.1374 cm2 s = 0.22726 USAR : 3/8": @ 0.30 cm Acero transversal = Ast = 2.5857 cm2 Por lo tanto: USAR : 3/8": @ 0.28 cm Wu x L^2 +Mu mx= 8 +Mu mx= c) Descanso * Peso Propio 0.15 x 2400 = 360 Kg/m 2 * Acabados 100 Kg/m 2 460 Kg/m 2 Wu = 1.5 x 460 + 1.8 x 200 1050 Kg/m 2 M - M 2 + M s + =3405.79 Kg-m M 1 - =8 / 24 x 3405.79 1135.26 Kg m M 2 - =8 / 20 x 3405.79 1362.316 Kg m M + =8 / 10 x 3405.79 2724.632 Kg m R 1 = 2854.2 Kg R 2 = 2802.43 Kg M 1 - M 2 - M s + =2205.73 Kg m M 1 - =8 / 20 x 2205.73 = 882.29 Kg m M + =8 / 10 x 2205.73 = 1764.58 Kg m R 1 = 2514.13 Kg R 2 = 2218.49 Kg DISEO EN FLEXIN : Segn RNC : r mn = 0.00242 1050 kg/m 1432 kg/m 1050 kg/m 0.88 m 2.48 m 1.125 m 1432 Kg/m 1050 kg/m 2.48 m 1.125 m f'c = 210 Kg/cm 2 fy = 2400 Kg/cm 2 Para un metro lineal de escalera: b x t = En graderias : d = 25.6 - 2.5 - 0.635 = 22.465 En Descanso: d = 15 - 2.5 - 0.635 = 11.865 As mn en graderas = 5.44 cm 2 Mu = 4489.94 Kg m As mn en descanso = 2.871 cm 2 Mu = 1250.96 Kg m Clculo del refuerzo para el M 2 - en el 2do tramo Mu = 1362.22 Kg m d = 11.865 cm b = 100 cm As = 3.25 cm 2 f'c = 210 Kg/cm 2 fy = 2400 Kg/cm 2 Acero:. En graderias Usar : f 3/8 " @ 12.5 cm En descanso Usar : f 3/8 " @ 20.0 cm DISEO DE LA ESCALERA El diseo se basa en una escalera: Datos: Altura: Piso a Techo: 3.60 m Sobrecarga: 400 Kg/cm 2 Ancho de Escalera: 1.20 m f'c = 210 Kg/cm 2 fy = 4200 Kg/cm 2 3.6 m 0.00 1.- Dimensiones de paso y contrapaso: Asumir Contrapaso: 0.17 m N de Contrapasos: 21.18 Considerar el N de contrapasos = 22.00 Dimension Final del contrapaso: 0.16 Considerar CP = 0.16 m P = 0.25 m 3.60 m 0.9 m hn = 1.84 m 1.60 Ln 3.25 m hn = 1.44 m Ln 2.00 m 0.4 m DIMENSIONAMIENTO: Dimensionamiento : Primer tramo: Ln Ln 20 25 Usar t = 20.0 cm t = 20.0 cm 0.21 t = 0.2625 NPT: 0.00 NPT: NPT : NPT 0.00 m NPT " hm" en primer tramo: hm = h + CP/2 = t / Cos Q + CP/2 P (P^2 + CP^2)^0.5 METRADO DE CARGAS: TRAMOS INCLINADOS Peso Propio: 0.924 ton/m Acabado : 0.12 ton/m D = 1.044 ton/m Sobrecarga: 0.48 ton/m L = 0.480 ton/m Wu = 1.5 D +1.8 L Wu = 2.430 ton/m DESCANSO Peso Propio: 0.576 ton/m Acabado : 0.12 ton/m D = 0.696 ton/m Sobrecarga: 0.48 ton/m L = 0.480 ton/m Wu = 1.908 ton/m MODELAMOS LA ESTRUCTURA EN SAP 2000 Y LA RESOLVEMOS. CALCULO DEL ACERO: ACERO PRINCIPAL : pmn = 0.7f'c /fy = 0.0024 diam: 1/2": 1.27 cm d = 17.37 cm M. resistente : pbd^2fy(1-0.59f'c/fy)= 320609.626 kg.cm M. resistente = 3.2061 tn.m Usar acero proporcionado por Sap 2000 Cos Q = = 0.837 hm = 32.09 cm