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CHAPTER 1(a)
Introduction to CAD, CAM and CAE
MEC435
COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
OBJECTIVES
Understand the various spheres of manufacturing activity
where computers are used
What is meant by product cycle with the differences
between the conventional and computer based
manufacturing systems
Definitions of various computer based applications
Computer Aided Design and its applications
Various types of manufacturing organizations
Computer Aided Manufacturing and its application
Meaning of Computer Integrated Manufacturing
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COMPUTER AIDED
ENVIRONMENT
Nowadays, computers become very crucial to daily life
aids users in daily task/work.
CAD/CAM are widely used in engineering practice:
Drafting
Design
Simulation
Analysis
Manufacturing
COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRIAL
MANUFACTURING
The role of computer in manufacturing
may be broadly classified into two
groups:
1. Computer monitoring and control of the
manufacturing process.
2. Manufacturing support applications, which
deal essentially with the preparations for
actual manufacturing and post-
manufacture operations.
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COMPUTER AIDED
PROCESSES
CAD - computer aided design.
CADD - computer aided design and drafting.
CAE - computer aided engineering.
CAM - computer aided manufacturing.
CAPP - computer aided process planning.
CATD - computer aided tool design.
CAP - computer aided planning.
CAD/CAM Major Areas
1. Geometric modeling
2. Computer graphics
3. Design application
4. Manufacturing Applications
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COMPUTER AIDED
ENVIRONMENT IN
MANUFACTURING
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
Design is an activity which needs to be
well organized and take into account all
influences that are likely to be
responsible for the success of the
product under development.
The complexity of the design process increases
with the number and diversity of components
present in the final part.
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PRODUCT ENGINEERING
Product functions
Product Specifications
Conceptual design
Ergonomics and Aesthetics
Standards
Detailed Design
Prototype development
Testing
Simulation
Analysis
Strength
Kinematics
Dynamics
Heat
Flow
Design for Manufacture
Design for Assembly
Drafting
DESIGN PROCESS STAGES
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ADVANTAGES OF CAD
Is faster and more accurate than conventional
methods.
A very easy task.
Editing
Never have to repeat the design or drawing of
any component.
Accurately calculate the various geometric
properties
Use of standard components (part libraries)
3D (3 dimensional) visualization capabilities
COMPUTER AIDED
MANUFACTURING
1. Mass production large lots e.g.
automobiles
2. Batch production medium lot sizes e.g.
industrial machines, aircrafts, etc.
3. Job shop production small lots or one off,
e.g. proto-types, aircrafts, etc.
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MANUFACTURING
ENGINEERING
Process planning
Process sheets
Route sheets
Tooling
Cutting tools
Jigs and Fixtures
Dies and Moulds
Manufacturing Information
Generation
CNC Part programs
Robot Programs
Inspection (CMM) programs
Production Organization
Bill of Materials
Material Requirement
Planning
Production Planning
Shop Floor Control
Plant Simulation
Marketing and Distribution
Packaging
Distribution
Marketing
ADVANTAGES OF CAM
Greater design freedom
Increased productivity
Greater operating flexibility
Shorter lead time
Improved reliability
Reduced maintenance
Reduced scrap and rework
Better management control
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COMPUTER AIDED
ENGINEERING
The use of information technology for supporting
engineers in tasks such as analysis, simulation,
design, manufacture, planning, diagnosis and
repair.
CAE tools are being used, for example, to
analyze the robustness and performance of
components and assemblies including
simulation, validation and optimization of
products and manufacturing tools.
AREAS OF CAE
Stress analysis on components and assemblies
using FEA (Finite Element Analysis)
Thermal and fluid flow analysis - Computational
fluid dynamics (CFD)
Kinematics
Mechanical event simulation (MES)
Analysis tools for process simulation for
operations such as casting, molding, and die
press forming.
Optimization of the product or process.
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ADVANTAGES OF CAE
Reduce product development cost and time
Precise analysis and simulations
Early prediction of results
Design verification through simulation without
having to use physical prototype testing
Minimize the time for optimizing products
Parallel task can be done along the design
stages