Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample

NAME:_________________________
Part I: Multiple Choice (2 points ea!
choose the "est ans#er$ #rite it clearly in the space to the le%t o% the &uestion
____1'he (istance to a star is )no#n i% #e )no# its
(A! parallax
(*! rotation rate
(C! apparent ma+nitu(e
(,! mass
____2 'he nearest star to our solar system is at a (istance o% about
(A! %our parsecs
(*! %our li+ht years
(C! %our astronomical units
(,! %our +amma &ua(rants
____3 '#o stars appear in the s)y I% #e )no# that "oth stars ha-e the same luminosity (that is$ the same
output o% po#er!$ then the star that appears brighter
(A! must "e closer
(*! must "e more e-ol-e(
(C! must "e more (istant
(,! tric) &uestion. I% they (on/t appear e&ually "ri+ht$ then they can/t ha-e the same luminosity
____0 Suppose #e o"ser-e a cool$ tenuous +as #ith a hotter "lac) "o(y "ehin( it 1hat )in( o% spectrum #ill
#e see2
(A! emission lines only
(*! continuous ra(iation only
(C! continuous ra(iation #ith emission lines superimpose(
(,! continuous ra(iation #ith a"sorption lines superimpose(
____3 An 45 (ia+ram can "e ma(e "y plottin+
(A! luminosity -ersus temperature
(*! spectral class -ersus (istance
(C! luminosity -ersus ma+nitu(e
(,! temperature -ersus (istance
____6 Most o% the stars in a typical 475 (ia+ram %all on the
(A! main se&uence
(*! +iant re+ion
(C! super+iant re+ion (or asymptotic +iant "ranch!
(,! #hite (#ar% re+ion
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Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
8uestions 971: re%er to the %i+ure "elo# #hich is a +raphical representation
o% a +roup o% stars I(enti%y each type o% star "y its la"ele( location on
the (ia+ram
____9 Super+iants (Asymptotic ;iant *ranch! stars
____< ;iants stars
____= 1hite ,#ar% stars
____1: Main Se&uence stars
____11 4o# (o #e )no# that +ra-itational contraction isn>t responsi"le %or the Sun>s ener+y2
(A! +ra-itational contraction cost>s ener+y rather than releasin+ it
(*! the ener+y pro(uce( "y +ra-itational contraction #oul( not last nearly as lon+ as the current
estimate( a+e o% the sun
(C! the sun has "een stea(ily expan(in+ since its %ormation
(,! the sun has al#ays "een to hot to contract
____12 'he sun #ill run out o% %uel in a"out
(A! 3 thousan( years
(*! 3 million years
(C! 3 "illion years
(,! 3 trillion years
____13 1hich are the t#o most a"un(ant elements in the sun2
(A! hy(ro+en an( helium
(*! helium an( uranium
(C! hy(ro+en an( so(ium
(,! hy(ro+en an( iron
____10 1hy are astronomers intereste( in stu(yin+ solar neutrinos22
(A! they tell a"out the nuclear reactions in the sun
(*! they are pro(uce( in sunspots
(C! they can tell us #hy the corona is so hot
(,! they are le%t o-er %rom the %ormation o% the sun
____13 'he proton7proton chain$ "y #hich the Sun pro(uces its ener+y$ is an example o%
(A! a chemical reaction
(*! nuclear %ission
(C! nuclear %usion
(,! +ra-itational contraction
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Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____16 'he @sur%ace@ o% the sun that #e see in -isi"le #a-elen+ths is the
(A! corona
(*! chromosphere
(C! core
(,! photosphere
____19 ;ranules are
(A! holes in the Sun/s corona
(*! "u""les in the Sun/s photosphere
(C! the (ar) centers o% sunspots
(,! the same as prominences
____1< Sunspots are
(A! associate( #ith an 22 year acti-ity cycle on the Sun
(*! areas o% intense ma+netic %iel(s
(C! areas o% lo# temperature compare( to the surroun(in+ +as
(,! all o% the a"o-e
____1= 1hat process is responsi"le %or the %ormation o% a ne# star2
(A! the collision o% one or more stars
(*! the collision o% massi-e planets in interstellar space
(C! the +atherin+ o% material aroun( a "lac) hole
(,! the collapse o% part o% a clou( o% interstellar material
____2: 1here are -ery youn+ stars locate( in an 475 (ia+ram2
(A! a"o-e an( to the ri+ht o% the main se&uence
(*! on the main se&uence
(C! "elo# the main se&uence
(,! in the upper le%t
____21 'he solar system
(A! too) se-eral "illion years to %orm
(*! un(er#ent se-eral inter-als o% planet %ormation separate( "y "illions o% years
(C! %orme( a"out 3 million years a+o
(,! reache( more or less its present %orm in less than a "illion years
____22 1hat mar)s the transition %rom protostar to star2
(A! the star "e+ins to rotate
(*! hy(ro+en %usion "e+ins
(C! the star %irst "ecomes luminous
(,! the star "ecomes hot enou+h to ioniAe hy(ro+en
____23 Accor(in+ to ne"ular theories$ the planets %orme( %rom material that #as
(A! part o% the collapsin+ clou( #hich %orme( the Sun
(*! capture( "y the Sun %rom interstellar space
(C! pulle( %rom the Sun (urin+ a collision #ith another star
(,! eBecte( %rom the Sun "y an explosion
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____20 1hat #ere planetesimals2
(A! interplanetary +rains
(*! "o(ies$ as massi-e as the Earth$ that %orme( the cores o% the +iant planets
(C! interme(iate siAe "o(ies that com"ine( #ith others to %orm planets
(,! interstellar "o(ies capture( "y the Sun soon a%ter it %orme(
____23 Coun+ stars may eBect material in t#o opposin+ Bets$ calle( "ipolar out%lo# 'his occurs "ecause
(A! material can only %lo# out %rom the stars/ ma+netic poles
(*! most o% the material #hich can "e eBecte( accumulates at the poles
(C! the surroun(in+ (is) o% (ust an( +as impe(es the out%lo# o% material except at the poles$ #here the
(is)s are thinnest
(,! near"y companion stars pull the material out alon+ the poles
____26 1hat happene( to the +as that #as le%t o-er in the solar ne"ula a%ter the planets %orme(2
(A! it %ell "ac) into the Sun
(*! it #as s#ept a#ay "y a passin+ star
(C! it #as "lo#n a#ay "y a stron+ #in(
(,! it con(ense( to %orm the Ao(iacal li+ht
____29 1hat (o all main se&uence stars ha-e in common2
(A! 'hey are all the same a+e
(*! 'hey are all consumin+ hy(ro+en in their cores
(,! 'hey all ha-e the same mass
(C! 'hey all ha-e con-ecti-e cores
____2< An e-olutionary trac) (escri"es the career o% a star "y sho#in+ chan+es in its location in
(A! space
(*! an 45 (4ertAsprun+75ussell! (ia+ram
(C! a mass7luminosity (ia+ram
(,! a mass7ra(ius (ia+ram
____2= 'he three cur-es (A!$ (*! an( (C! in the %i+ure represent 3 (i%%erent
+roups o% stars 1e in%er that the or(er o% increasin+ a+e %or the
+roups is
(A! (C! (*! (A!
(*! (*! (C! (A!
(C! (A! (*! (C!
(,! none o% the a"o-e$ they are all the same a+e
____3: 'he most important %actor a%%ectin+ a star>s main7se&uence li%etime is
(A! ra(ius
(*! percenta+e o% metals
(C! hy(ro+en to helium ratio
(,! mass
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(*!
(C!
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____31 All the stars in a cluster are usually assume( to ha-e the same
(A! a+e
(*! mass
(C! temperature
(,! main se&uence li%etime
____32 1hen a star is Bust e-ol-in+ o%% the main se&uence$ #hich element is most common in the core2
(A! hy(ro+en
(*! helium
(C! car"on
(,! iron
____33 'he %usion o% iron nuclei (oes not occur in sta"le stars 1hy not2
(A! Iron isn/t a sta"le element
(*! 'he %usion process s)ips o-er iron an( +oes on to more massi-e elements
(C! Iron %usion uses up ener+y instea( o% pro(ucin+ ener+y
(,! Iron is (estroye( in stars as soon as it is pro(uce(
____30 1hat causes Cephei( -aria"les to -ary in "ri+htness2
(A! they pulsate
(*! eclipses
(C! o"scuration "y clou(s o% (ust
(,! chan+es in nuclear %ission processes in the star core
____33 1hich o% the %ollo#in+ is )ey (i%%erence "et#een the pressure in a normal +as an( in a (e+enerate +as2
(A! in a (e+enerate +as$ pressure (oesn>t (epen( on temperature
(*! in a normal +as$ pressure (oesn>t (epen( on temperature
(C! (e+enerate pressure exists #hether matter is present or not
(,! in a (e+enerate +as$ pressure -aries rapi(ly #ith time
____36 'he Chan(rase)har limit is
(A! the +reatest mass a #hite (#ar% can ha-e
(*! the most massi-e main se&uence star that can exist
(C! the (istance at #hich parallaxes can no lon+er "e measure(
(,! the maximum "ri+htness o% a superno-a
____39 'he approximate siAe o% a #hite (#ar% is
(A! 1: )m
(*! the siAe o% the Earth
(C! the siAe o% the Sun
(,! "et#een 10 an( 23 times lar+er than the siAe o% the Sun
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
Dor 8uestions 3<701: Match the type o% star #ith the type o% pressure #hich supports it:
____3< electron (e+eneracy pressure
____3= neutron (e+eneracy pressure
____0: none: o"Bect has collapse( +ra-itationally
____01 normal +as pressure
(A! Neutron Star
(*! 1hite ,#ar%
(C! Main Se&uence Star
(,! *lac) 4ole
____02 Suppose you #ere insi(e the Sch#arAschil( ra(ius o% a "lac) hole I% you #ere to shine a "lue
%lashli+ht to a companion exterior to the "lac) hole$ heEshe #oul( see
(A! re( li+ht
(*! "lue li+ht
(C! -iolet li+ht
(,! no li+ht (can/t escape!
____03 Pulsars are
(A! spinnin+ neutron stars #ith "eame( ra(io emission
(*! na-i+ation "eacons %or extraterrestrial ci-iliAations
(C! pulsatin+ re( +iant stars #ith close companions
(,! #hite (#ar%s #ith perio(ic stellar #in(s
____00 A star #hich is (isco-ere( to "e a "inary system on the "asis o% the ,oppler shi%ts o% the spectral lines
o% its t#o stars is calle( a
(A! spectroscopic "inaries
(*! eclipsin+ "inaries
(C! -isual "inaries
(,! astrometric "inaries
____03 'he Al+ol FPara(oxG is
(A! a close "inary star system consistin+ o% a re( +iant an( a less massi-e main se&uence star
(*! a close "inary star system consistin+ o% a re( +iant an( a more massi-e main se&uence star
(C! the mysterious ra(io na-i+ation "eacons calle( pulsars
(,! the e-ent horiAon o% a "lac) hole
____06 1hat property o% a star can almost ne-er "e (etermine( unless it is a mem"er o% a "inary star system2
(A! mass
(*! (istance
(C! luminosity
(,! ra(ius
____09 1hat in%ormation a"out a "inary star system is su%%icient to ma)e it possi"le to %in( the sum o% the
masses o% the t#o stars2
(A! or"ital perio( an( separation
(*! (istance an( spectral type
(C! a+e an( temperature
(,! chemical composition an( a"solute ma+nitu(e
Astronomy 1 Exam 3 Sample
____0< 'he 5oche lo"e is
(A! the re+ion aroun( one o% the stars in a "inary system #here the +ra-ity o% that star (ominates
(*! the type o% star %orme( #hen a "lac) hole "ecomes to massi-e to support itsel%
(C! a cluster o% stars #hich all ha-e the same mass
(,! the source o% ra(io emissions in a pulsar
____0= Mass exchan+e in close "inary systems can pro(uce
(A! H7ray emission %rom an accretion (is)
(*! recurrent no-ae i% one partner is a #hite (#ar%
(C! mo(i%ication o% the e-olutionary status o% "oth stars
(,! any o% the a"o-e
____3: ;as she( "y the companion o% a neutron star or "lac) hole normally
(A! %lo#s out o% the "inary system
(*! %alls (irectly onto the neutron star or "lac) hole
(C! %lo#s into an accretion (is)
(,! collects a"o-e the poles o% the neutron star or "lac) hole