Forces and Motion

speed impulse impulsive force force kinetic energy

v=

Ft=mv-mu F=

F=ma E
k
=

a=

F=F
1
+F
2

v=u + at F=F
1
-F
2

s = ut +

+ 2as
weight power gravitational potential energy elastic potential energy
F=mg/w=mg P=

=mgh

momentum gravitational field strength work done
p=m x v g=

W=F x s/W=F cos x s

m
1
u
1
+m
2
u
2
=m
1
v
1
+m
2
v
2
F
1
=Fsin
m
1
u
1
+m
2
u
2
=v(m
1
+m
2
) F
2
=Fcos
Efficiency Hookes Law
Efficiency=


x 100% F=kx
Pressure
P=

unit Pascal (Pa) Pressure(liquid)

Pa =

P=hg
Pascals principle (Hydraulic system)

Archimedes principle (buoyancy=weight of liquid displaced)
F = mg = Vg

Heat
Specific heat capacity Latent heat of fusion/vaporisation
Q=mc Q=ml
Q = Pt
Gas Laws 1) Boyles Law 2) Charles Law 3) Pressure Law

Light
lens formula refractive index power of length

n =


power with focal length (metre) =

n =


power with focal length (cm) =

n =



n =

magnification
m=

=



m=

m=

P V



T

T
Waves
Period,T : SI unit = second (s)
Frequency,

: Hz =

speed of waves interference speed of sound (air)
v = f =

2d = vt

Electricity
electric current potential difference Resistance
I=

V=

R=

(resistor in series) R=R+R+R
(resistor in parallel) R=

(internal resistance) r=

energy,voltage,current,time power,voltage,current energy consumed
V=

E=

Rt P = VI E=Pt
Q=It E=

P=

R
E=VQ P=

E=VIt
Electromagnetism
transformer output power=input power

I
s
V
s
= I
p
V
p



Electronics
r.m.s. value of the a.c. voltage time interval (C.R.O.) current amplification
V
r.m.s
=

=d x time-base (s) =

Radioactivity
eq
n
alpha decay eq
n
beta decay eq
n
gamma decay

half-life and activity radioisotopes
activity, SI unit = Becquerel (Bq)

1 Bq = 1 decay per second

nuclear fission energy (nuclear reaction)

E = mc
2

GOOD LUCK SPM
PHYSICS A+