9/18/13 Aluminium - Indonesian Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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magnesium aluminum silicon
B
Al Ga
Appearance
silver gray metallic line spectrum of aluminum
Common traits
Name , symbol ,
atomic number
aluminum, Al, 13
Be read United Kingdom
i
/ l j m n i m /
AL -ew- MIN -ee-m ; or
AS
i
/ l u m n m /
- LOO -mi-nm
Types of
elements
other metals
Class , period ,
block
13 , 3 , p
Standard atomic
mass
26.9815386 (13)
Electron
configuration
[ Ne ] 3s
2
3p
1
2, 8, 3
Aluminum
Indonesian From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aluminum is a chemical element. Coat aluminum is Al ,
and atomic number 13. Aluminum is the most abundant
metal.
Aluminum is not a heavy metal kind, but it is an
element which amounted to about 8% of the surface of
the earth and the third most abundant. Aluminum
present in the use of food additives, antacids , buffered
aspirin , astringents , nasal spray, antiperspirant , water
drinking, exhaust cars , tobacco smoke , the use of
aluminum foil , cookware, cans , ceramics , and
fireworks .
Aluminum is a conductor of electricity which is good.
Bright and strong. Is also a good conductor for heat.
Can be hammered into sheets, drawn into wire and
extruded into bars with a variety of cross sections.
Resistant corrosion .
Aluminum is used in many ways. Most of it is used in
high-voltage cables. Also is widely used in the window
frame and body aircraft . Found in the home as a pot ,
a soft drink bottle , cap the bottle and so on. Aluminium
is also used to coat the car lights and compact disks .
History
In the 19th century, before the discovery of the process
of electrolysis , the aluminum can only be obtained from
bauxite by a chemical process Wohler. Compared to
electrolysis, the process is very economical, and the
price of aluminum used far exceeds the price of gold.
Because once considered a precious metal, Napoleon
III of France (1808-1873) had served his first with
aluminum plate and the second with his gold and silver
plate.
[4] [5]
In 1886, Charles Martin Hall from United
States (1863-1914) and Paul LT Hroult of France
(1863-1914) invented a process of electrolysis which
until now made economical production of aluminum.
[4]
Footnotes
The Periodic Table
13 Al
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Physical properties
Phase solid
The density of
(near room
temperature )
2.70 g cm
-3
The density of
the liquid at tl
2,375 g cm
-3
Melting point 933.47 K , 660.32 C, 1220.58 F
Boiling point 2792 K, 2519 C, 4566 F
Heat of fusion 10.71 kJ mol
-1
Heat of
vaporization
294.0 kJ mol
-1
Heat capacity 24,200 J mol
-1

K -1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364 2790
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 3 , 2
[1]
, 1
[2]
(oxide amphoteric )
Electronegativity 1.61 (Pauling scale)
Ionization
energies
( more )
First: 577.5 kJ mol
-1
2nd: 1816.7 kJ mol
-1
3rd: 2744.8 kJ mol
-1
Atomic radius 143 pm
1. ^ Aluminum monoxide
2. ^ Aluminum iodide
3. ^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and
inorganic compounds (http://www-
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Covalent radii 121 4 pm
The radius of
the van der
Waals
184 pm
Others
The crystal
structure
face-centered cubic
Settling
magnetic
paramagnetic
[3]
Keterhambatan
electrical
(20 C) 28.2 n m
Thermal
conductivity
237 W
m -1

K -1
Thermal
expansion
(25 C) 23.1 lm m
-1
K
-1
Speed of sound
(lightweight
rods)
( room temperature ) (rolled) 5,000 m
s
-1
Young's
modulus
70 GPa
Shear Modulus 26 GPa
Bulk modulus 76 GPa
Poisson's ratio 12:35
Mohs hardness 2.75
Violence Viker 167 MPa
Brinell hardness 245 MPa
CAS numbers 7429-90-5
The most stable isotope
Main article: Isotopes of aluminum
iso NA The half-life DM DE ( MeV ) DP
26
Al rest 7:17 10
5
yrs
+
1:17
26
Mg
-
26
Mg
1.8086 -
27
Al 100% Al is stable with 14 neutrons
d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf) , in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st
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edition, CRC press.
4. ^
a b
American Chemical Society - Revolution aluminum production
(http://acswebcontent.acs.org/landmarks/landmarks/al/revolution.html)
5. ^ Los Angeles Times - History of Aluminum (http://articles.latimes.com/2001/sep/05/food/fo-42149)
References
(UK) Anon. Alzheimer's and aluminum: the myth of canning. Food Insight 1993 SEP-Oct. Washington, DC:
International Food Information Council Foundation.
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Category : Chemical elements
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