CEMENTS, BASES AND LINERS

*ONCE THE PREPARATION IS FINISHED, THE DOCTOR WILL DETERMINE

WHAT TYPE OF BASE, LINER OR CEMENT WILL BE USED
*MOST CEMENTS ARE RELATIVELY LOW-STRENGTH MATERIALS THAT
DISSOLVE AND ERODE IN ORAL FLUIDS WITH TIME.
TYPES OF MIXING
*LUTING/CEMENTATION—FIXED OR PROVISIONAL RESTORATIONS
*ORTHODONTIC BANDING
*INSULATION BASE FOR PULP PROTECTION, THERMAL CHANGES
*PROTECTIVE BASE FOR CORE BUILDUP
*SEDATIVE TREATMENT

*PULP CAP—DIRECT OR INDIRECT

*ROOT CANAL THERAPY
*RESTORATIONS FOR ABRAIDED TOOTH STRUCTURE
*PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS
(LINERS)
*FUNCTIONS
*LINE THE DEEPEST PORTION OF THE DENTAL PREPARATION
*PROVIDE PULPAL PROTECTION OR DENTAL REGENERATION
*PROTECTS FROM IRRITATION CAUSED BY PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL,
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS
1-CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
*CHARACTERISTICS:
*PROTECTS THE PULP FROM CHEMICAL IRRITATION THROUGH ITS
SEALING ABILITIES
*STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF REPARATIVE DENTIN
*COMPATIBLE WITH ALL TYPES OF RESTORATIVE MATERIALS.

*TYPES
*TWO PASTE SYSTEM
*LIGHT CURED
*PLACEMENT
*A THIN LAYER IS APPLIED
*PLACED ONLY ON THE DENTIN
*AVOID THE ENAMEL AND RETENTIVE GROOVES
.
(BASES )
*A LAYER OF CEMENT THAT IS PLACED UNDER A PERMANENT
RESTORATION TO ENCOURAGE RECOVERY OF THE PULP AND TO
PROTECT AGAINST SEVERAL TYPES OF INSULT.

*FUNCTION:
FUNCTION:
*PROTECTIVE, TO HELP ELIMINATE POSSIBLE POSTOPERATIVE
 SENSITIVITY AND DAMAGE TO THE PULP
*INSULATING TO PROTECT THE TOOTH FROM THERMAL SHOCK.
THERMAL SHOCK OCCURS WHENEVER THERE IS A SUDDEN
CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE.
*SOOTHING—TO DECREASE TRAUMA AFTER THE REMOVAL OF
CARIES.
1- ZINC OXIDE AND EUGENOL CEMENT
*INGREDIENTS
*ZINC OXIDE CATALYST, WHITE ROSIN, ZINC SETTARATE AND ZINC
ACETATE ARE IN THE POWDER
*EUGENOL, OLIVE OIL, LINSEED OIL AND GUN RESIN ARE FOUND IN
THE LIQUID
USES
*TREATMENT FILLING
*CEMENTATION OF PROVISIONAL RESTORATIONS
*SEDATIVE TREATMENT
*THERMAL BASES
*ROOT CANAL FILLINGS
*PULP CAPPING
CHARACTERISTICS
*LOW COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
*GREAT SOLUBILITY
*SHRINKS ON SETTING
*OBTUNDENT
*THERMAL INSULATOR
*CONTRAINDICATED UNDER COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS
MANIPULATION
*MIX ON TREATED PAPER PAD
*START WITH A LARGE AMOUNT FIRST
*CONTINUE ADDING SMALL AMOUNTS UNTIL DESIRED CONSTITUNENCY
*WATER WILL ACCELERATE SETTING TIME
SETTING TIME

*EIGHT MINUTES FOR A MIX UNDER A PROVISIONAL CROWN

*UP TO TEN MINUTES FOR A TREATMENT FILLING IF WATER IS NOT
ADDED.
2-ZINC PHOSPHATE
*AN EXCELLENT THERMAL INSULATOR BECAUSE OF HAVING THE SAME
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY RATE SIMILAR TO DENTIN.
*COMPOSITION
*ZINC AND MAGNESIUM OXIDE IN THE POWDER
*ORTHOSPHOSPHORIC ACID, PHOSPHATE AND WATER IN THE LIQUID

*USES
*TREATMENT FILLING MATERIAL
 *TO SEAT FIXED RESTORATIONS
*BASE IF ONLY APPLIED OVER AN INSULATOR.
*CHARACTERISTICS
*50% FREE PHOSPHORIC ACID
*CONTRAINDICATED WITHOUT CAVITY VARNISH—ACID IRRIATES THE
PULP
*HIGH SOLUBILITY.
*TENDS TO SHRINK
*EXOTHERMAL SETTING REACTION
MANIPULATION
*MIX ON A COOL GLASS SLAB
*MIX WITH A FLEXIBLE SPATULA
*DIVIDE THE POWDER INTO INCREMENTS
*MIX THE LARGEST PORTIONS FIRST, THEN GRADUALLY ADD THE
SMALLER PORTIONS
*MIX OVER A LARGE AREA OF THE SLAB TO DISBURSE THE HEAT
*THE FASTER THE INCORPORATION OF POWDER, THE FASTER THE SET
WORKING/SETTING TIME
*WORKING TIME
*DETRMINED BY THE MANUFACTURER
*USUALLY ONE AND ONE HALF MINUTE
*THE SLOWER THE MIXING TIME, THE SLOWER THE SET
*SETTING TIME
*USUALLY FIVE MINUTES
3-POLYCARBOXYLATE CEMENT
*ALSO KNOWN AS POLYACRYLIC CEMENT
*COMPOSITION
*POLYACRYLIC ACID, ITACONIC ACID, MALEIC ACID TARTARIC ACID
AND WATER
*ZINC OXIDE POWDER
*USES
*CEMENTATION OF CROWNS AND BRIDGES
*CEMENTATION OF ORTHODONTIC BANDS
*CAVITY BASE
*CORE BUILDUP
*TREATMENT RESTORATIONS
*CHARACTERISTICS
*ADHERES TO TOOTH STRUCTURE
*SIMILAR TO ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT IN SOLUBILITY AND TENSILE
STRENGTH
*LESS IRRITATING TO THE PULP THAN ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT
*PULP RESPONSE SIMILAR TO ZOE

*MANPIULATION
 *READ MANUFACTURER’S DIRECTIONS
*USUALLY MIXED ONE SCOOP OF POWDER TO TWO DROPS OF
LIQUID OR ONE SYRINGE INCREMENT
*INCORPORATE AT LEAST HALF THE POWDER AT ONE THEN THE
REST
*MIX ENTIRE AMOUNT WITHIN 30 SECONDS
*USE WHILE CEMENT IS STILL GLOSSY AND NOT STRINGY
*USE METAL SPATULA AND PAPER PAD
WORKING/SETTING TIME
*WORKING TIME
*30 SECONDS
*SETTING TIME
*SIX TO TEN MINUTES

4-GLASS IONOMERS
*USES
*PERMENANT CEMENTATION FOR CROWNS AND INLAYS
*CLASS V RESTORATIONS
*PIT AND FISSURE CLASS VI RESTORATION /SEALANTS
*CEMENT ORTHODONTIC BANDS
*BASE AND LINER
COMPOSITION
*POWDER
*ZINC OXIDE
*ALUMINIM OXIDE
*CALCIUM
*GLASS/QUARTZ PARTICLES
*FLUORIDE
*LIQUID
*TARTARIC ACID
*MALEIC ACID
*ITACONIC ACID
*WATER LESS VISCOUS—WATTERY IN COMPARIOSN TO
CARBOXALON
TYPES
*TYPE I—CEMENTATION OF METAL RESTORATION AND DIRECT-BONDED
ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS
*TYPE II—RESTORING AREAS OF EROSIONS NEAR THE GINGIVA

*TYPE III—USED AS LINERS AND DENTIN BONDING AGENTS

BENEFITS
*SLOW RELEASE OF FLUORIDE AIDS IN INHIBITING RECURRENT CARIES
*LESS TRAUMATIC TO THE PULP
*HAS LOW SOLUBILITY
*ADHERES TO A SLIGHTY MOIST TOOTH SURFACE
*HAS A THIN FILM THICKNESS
WORKING/SETTING TIME
*MIXED ONE TO ONE (ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S DIRECTIONS)
*MIXING TIME 30-60 SECONDS
*MIXTURE SHOULD BE GLOSSY AND SLIGHTLY MORE VISCOUS THAN
ZINC PHOSPHATE
*SETTING TIME FIVE TO SEVEN MINUTES
5-COMPOSITE RESINS
*A NEWER CLASSIFICATION OF CEMENT MATERIAL
*USES
*CEMENTATION OF CERAMIC OR RESIN INLAYS AND ONLAYS
*CERAMIC VENEERS
*ORTHODONTIC BANDS
*METAL CASTINGS
CHEMICAL MAKEUP
*CHEMICAL MAKEUP IS COMPARABLE TO COMPOSITES
*CONSISTS OF BASE AND CATALYST
*POLY/METHYLMETHACRYLATE
*BIS-GMS
*CAN BE EITHER LIGHT CURED OR SELF-CURED
WORKING/SETTING TIME
*THE SAME AS WORKING WITH COMPOSITE
*POWDER/LIQUID OR BASE CATALYST RATIO WILL EFFECT BOTH
WORKING AND SETTING TIME
*FOLLOW MANUFACTER’S DIRECTIONS
*CHEMICALLY CURED
*45-60 SECONDS WORKING TIME
*7 MINUTES SETTING TIME
CONSIDERATIONS
*TOOTH SURFACE MUST BE FREE OF ALL PLAQUE AND DEBRIS
*TOOTH MUST BE PREPARED BY ETCHING OR TREATING WITH A
BONDING SYSTEM BEFORE CEMENTATION
*FLASH FROM SETTING RESTORATION MUST BE REMOVED PRIOR TO
* BEING FULLY SET
*LIGHT CURE WITH PORCELAIN VENEERS, INLAYS OR ONLAYS ONLY
*The adjacent teeth were protected from the etching gel by
using dead soft matrixes. The etching gel was thoroughly
rinsed off after 15 seconds
*The teeth were left slightly moist for the wet bonding
process. A dentin and enamel bonding agent was applied
with a brush. After the prepared surfaces were thoroughly
saturated with the agent, they were air-dried with an
 air/water syringe) to eliminate the water and the solvent
carrier. The bonding agent was light cured for 10 seconds.
*After all four restorations were placed on the prepared
teeth, the excess luting composite was removed with a
brush. The restorations can be seen in place in, after most
of the excess luting resin has been removed
*Excess luting composite is removed from the interproximal areas
with dental floss .The restorations are light cured on the facial and
lingual surfaces for 30 seconds each. Finally, the remaining excess
luting resin is removed with a carbide-finishing bur, and the
margins are polished with composite finishing cups.
ORGANIZED BY :- MAHMOUD IBRAHIM MOHAMMED
ELSOKARY