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,
_
+ +
+
+
R
t R
k
T T t R h
T T
air t R
t R sat
ln
Csing e&uation -0., we can write
,
_
+
+
R
t R
k
P
T T
t R sat
ln
?
; -*.
Dearranging -0. we can also write!
( ) t R h
P
T T
air t R
+
+
?
; -/.
So, by adding -*. and -/. we get!
( ) t R h
P
R
t R
k
P
T T
air sat
+
+
,
_
+
?
ln
?
Dearranging for P , we get
( )
( )
1
]
1
+
+
,
_
t R h R
t R
k
T T
P
air sat
1
ln
1
?
; -E.
"onsider the e'ample values to be as follows!
sat
T
F 100G" F +*+.10 deg >,
air
T
F ?0G" F ?E+.10 deg >,
R F 1 cm F 0.01 m,
k F 0.1+ W%-m.deg>.,
h F ? W%-m
?
.deg>..
This gives the following function on substitution!
( )
( )
1
]
1
+
+
,
_
t
t
P
01 . 0 ?
1
01 . 0
01 . 0
ln
1+ . 0
1
10 . ?E+ 10 . +*+ ?
; -10.
Plot a graph of P against radius t R + to find the
values of t at which P is a maimum and the
value at which the insulation actuall! starts to
insulate, in other words the value of t for which P
is less than its value when
t 0 .
&igure--( .raph o+ Po,er per !nit $ength vs/ Ra0ius
The graph clearly shows that P is a ma'imum
with about 0 mm of insulation -for a total radius of
H10 mm., and that about 11 mm of insulation is
needed -for a total radius of H*1 mm. before P is
less than that for the bare pipe, i.e. for the
insulation to actually insulate6
1%ERE T &IND MRE
1. "asic #ngineering $athematics, Iohn Bird,
?00*, published by Jlsevier Ltd.
2. #ngineering $athematics, #ifth Jdition, Iohn
Bird, ?00*, published by Jlsevier Ltd.
3. Ketails about nsulation Types and Laterial!
http!%%micainsulation.org%standards%materials.h
tm
Dr/ Alan Stevens 2 Specialist in Mathematical Mo0elling an0 Simulation
(Retire03 Rolls-Royce)
Spent +0 years as an industrial mathematician in the Submarines division of
Dolls:Doyce, dealing primarily with heat transfer and fluid:flow behaviour of the
nuclear reactors used to power the Doyal Aavy9s submarines.
IN&RMATIN &R TEA"%ERS
The teachers should have some knowledge of
#ourier9s Law of 7eat "onduction
ntegration using the Lethod of Separation of Mariables
7ow to plot the graphs of simple functions using J'celN or 2utograph or Lathcad
TPI"S "4ERED &RM 5MAT%EMATI"S &R EN.INEERIN.6
Topic 1! Lathematical Lodels in Jngineering
Topic @! #unctions
Topic 1! Kifferentiation and ntegration
$EARNIN. !T"MES
LO 01! Cnderstand the idea of mathematical modelling
LO 0@! Cnderstand the mathematical structure of a range of functions and be familiar with their graphs
LO 01! >now how to use differentiation and integration in the conte't of engineering analysis and
problem solving
LO 0E! "onstruct rigorous mathematical arguments and proofs in engineering conte't
LO 10! "omprehend translations of common realistic engineering conte'ts into mathematics
ASSESSMENT "RITERIA
2" 1.1! State assumptions made in establishing a specific mathematical model
2" 1.?! Kescribe and use the modelling cycle
2" @.1! dentify and describe functions and their graphs
2" @.?! 2nalyse functions represented by polynomial e&uations
2" 1.1! "alculate the rate of change of a function
2" 1.+! #ind definite and indefinite integrals of functions
2" 1.@! Cse integration to find areas and volumes
2" E.1! Cse precise statements, logical deduction and inference
2" E.?! Lanipulate mathematical e'pressions
2" E.+! "onstruct e'tended arguments to handle substantial problems
2" 10.1! Dead critically and comprehend longer mathematical arguments or e'amples of applications.
$IN7S T T%ER !NITS & T%E AD4AN"ED DIP$MA IN EN.INEERIN.
Cnit:1! nvestigating Jngineering Business and the Jnvironment
Cnit:+! Selection and 2pplication of Jngineering Laterials
Cnit:@! nstrumentation and "ontrol Jngineering
Cnit:0! Laintaining Jngineering $lant, J&uipment and Systems
Cnit:1! nvestigating Lodern Lanufacturing Techni&ues used in Jngineering
Cnit:*! nnovative Kesign and Jnterprise
Cnit:/! Lathematical Techni&ues and 2pplications for Jngineers
Cnit:E! $rinciples and 2pplication of Jngineering Science