Well and Field production

Performance

2014-03-07 Classification: Internal

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Fluidos (gas, petroleo)
Diagrama de fases
Clasificar el yacimiento
Estrategias de explotacion
Optimizacion de produccion (Diseno del la tuberia
de producion, lineas de flujo, baterias de
separacion, ductos, NPV).
PVT



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Importancia de PVT
PVT
Comportamiento de los hidrocarburos en
cualquier punto de la linea de produccion.
Constant composition expansion (CCE)
Pb.


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How do we produce ?
Nodo: Punto importante de analisis.
Nodo Terminal: Punto que representa un
limite.
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Limite
Pr
Pwf
Pr-Pwf=Drawdown
Delta P
Pwh
Delt P
choke
Psp
Functions of Manifold
Recolectar la production de cada pozo en un
cluster .
Aislar un pozo para prueba de prod. (Test sep.)
Agrupar los pozos de una forma que no exista
backflow.
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Why do we need to test wells?
Production management
Monitoring (qo,qg, qw) GOR, Fw, WOR, GLR, etc
Surveillance
Production Allocation
Tunning my reservoir simulator
Authorities requirements


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Control elements along the production
line
Separator control valve
Valvula de control
Medidores de nivel
Dynamic control mode (alarmas basado en los niveles de
prod. y presiones ).
Xmas tree
Aceso al pozo para workover.
Control del pozo
Master vavle
On off
Wing valve
Used for measuring shut in wellhear pressures.
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Master valve
Pwh
Wing valve
If gauge:
Pr ~ Pwf
If not gauge:
Pr=Pwh+Phyd
g
Swab vavle
P&I Diagram: Piping and Instrumentation
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Why Standart Conditions
Ing Mec Kg/s
Ing chem mole /s
PetEng m3/s
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Well deliverability
Pwf : measured Gauge.
Qo: Stock tank barrel
Multirate tests: (Qo, Pwf)
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J= qo2/(Pr-Pwf2)=qo3/(pr-Pwf2)= ...... qon/(Pr-Pwfn)
Oil above Pb = Undersaturated oil
Oil below Pb= Saturated oil
For Undersaturate oil
qo (st) = J (Pr-Pwf)
J= PI = (STB/D/psi) (Sm3/D/bar)

Curva IPR: linear
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J= qo2/(Pr-Pwf2)=qo3/(pr-Pwf2)= ...... qon/(Pr-Pwfn)
Undersaturated Oil
qo= J (Pr-Pwf)
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Exercise 1
Pr=77.6 bara
Test oil Rate qo= 5,57 Sm3/d
BHP 40,3 bara

Graficar IPR
Calcular J


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Pwf qo
bara sm3/d
77.6 0
70 1
60 3
50 4
40 6
30 7
20 9
10 10
1 11
Saturated oil

Saturated oil Pb>Pr>Pwf (below Pb)

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Gas well Deliverabilities
Back pressure plot
Log-log qg vs Pr^2-Pwf^2


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Pwf qo Pr^2-Pwf^2
bara sm3/d sm3/d
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
- - -
P
r
^
2
-
P
w
f
^
2

qg
n
Tang = 1/slope= n


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Gas well deliverabilities
Qg= c (pr^2-Pwf^2)^n
Log qg=log c + n log (Pr^2-Pwf^2)
From graph:
n= log qg/log (pr^2-Pwf^2)
Steps
Multirate test
Log-log plot back pressure plot
Meassure n from the plot
Calculate c : c=qg/(Pr^2-Pwf^2)^n
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Exercise 2
Given :



Define (Pr^2-Pwf^2)
Create a Back pressure plot
Determine n Graphically
Determine c
Plot Pwf vs qg

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sm3/d Pwf
Static 0 230,78
1 28600 227,96
2 63600 220,67
3 108000 205,81
4 155000 182,35
Excercise 3
Please read and watch about Solver Add-in in
Excel
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4QkLA3sT1o
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQoMPvJyMs
Y
http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-
help/introduction-to-optimization-with-the-excel-
solver-tool-HA001124595.aspx

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References
Well peformance 2nd , Michael Golan
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