BTS Site Description Power Distribution

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BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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1- Power Supply

The three-phase 380V, 50 Hz Alternating current (AC) power should be
supplied:

Either directly from the public electricity network (commercial
power supply), or


A derivation from the buildings main distribution panel (with the
agreement of the owner), or


From Mobinils own generating plant (generators installed on
site) In case connections to the public electricity network is
expected in later stage, the electrical contractor will install
provisions for both the generators and the electric company
connections.

In all upper cases, this power consumption will be monitored by the
means of a power meter.


Before the power is connected to the electrical devices (equipment) and
power sockets the resistance of the grounding system must be in
accordance with the Egyptian standards in force and MobiNil
requirements. The local power supplier must previously agree to any
modification of the multi-grounded neutral in the electrical system.

If a three-phase power supply of 380V is not available, single phase
230V can be used to power the site. For both types of equipment
(ALCATEL or MOTOROLA) the power supply in single phase 230V can
be used.

The equivalents to all the circuit breakers have to be used to provide a
proper and save working of the site and its equipment. Usually, the
preferred 3-phase 380V is currently available in most of the buildings.


For the power supply MobiNil requires 3 phase 380V, 25A per phase for
all BTS sites.






BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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2- Main Power Feeders

All cabling to the shelter shall be through ROXTEC or any other similar
product and must be protected by means of a conduit, flame-retardant,
and impact protection. The cables shall be installed with a wide radius of
curvature. U-clamps shall be used to support the cables every 1-meter of
the cable run.

Routing the canalization away from the pedestrians natural
course of circulation,

Underground burial of power supplies where feasible (in which
case PVC schedule 40 conduit could be used).

Conduits will be buried at 60 cm below grade minimum with a
yellow warning tape.

Where there is car traffic, the depth will be increased to 1 meter.

Routing the canalization through existing voids or shafts when
going from ground level to the roof level.

The continuity of the main conduit shall be assured. Threaded joints
shall be used (sections, couplings, 90 elbows, etc) to secure an
efficient joining between the parts.



3- AC Cables and Wires

All cables should be laid in the cable duct.


Low voltage (220/380 V) and extra low voltage conductors shall not run
in the same conduit, wire duct, or cable tray.


Conductors shall be continuous between devices and no splices shall be
made except within junction boxes.


No cable bend shall have a radius of less than eight times its diameter.





BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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Color Coding shall be as follow:


Phase L1 Phase L2 Phase L3 Neutral Ground
Red Blue Yellow Black Green/Yellow


Receptacle circuits shall not be smaller than 2.5 mm2


Cable trays construction:

Hot dip galvanized manufactured minimum coating thickness is 50
microns, heavy gauge perforated sheet steel minimum thickness 2
mm with not less than 100 mm sides, Fittings to be same material
as trays.


Installation:

Trays should be fixed using angle brackets at adequate spacing
(8 per shelter).

Sharp edges, burrs, projections and trays finish should being
smooth.

Prefabricated elbows (90, 60, 45) to be used at vertical and
horizontal curves with same material and thickness (2mm) of
the tray.

Prefabricated cross to be used at the connection between two
or more different direction trays with same material and
thickness (2mm) of the tray.

Bends shall be purpose made with radius to permit cable
bending standards

Cable trays cover with thickness 1.5 mm to be installed by
squeezing and extra four stainless steel screws at the corner of
the tray.

Cables should be secured to trays with specially made ties and
straps

Prefabricated trays should be used in curved joints




BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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The main power cable from source to 100A C.B. and from the 100A C.B.
to the GEDP must be Thermoplastic cable , withstand annealed
(Flexible) cupper conductors with PVC insulation, and its size is
3x35mm+1x16mm ( Reduced neutral).


4- Direct current cables (DC)

All cables will be laid in the cable ducts.


Minimum Size not less than 4x35mm2.


Cables for the batteries shall be color coded as follow:

Red for the positive terminal, Black for the negative terminal


All cable trays must be labeled with the cable type AC, DC or signal.


5- Main entrance circuit Breaker

A branch circuit breaker shall be installed between the power meter and
the shelters electric panel. The breaker shall have the following
characteristics:

100 amp rating, four poles, suitable for 220/380 V


The above breaker shall be enclosed in an enclosure with the following
characteristics:

Weatherproof
Sheet metal
Lockable









BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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6- General Electric Distribution Panel (GEDP)

Downstream of the branch circuit breaker, the main distribution panel is
installed inside the shelter next to the entry door. The following branch
breakers will be installed in the panel.




































BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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A. Green field & indoor (GEDP)

Load of C.B.
Rating of
C.B.
No. of
poles
Cable CS
Main 63A 4p 4x32mm*2
A/C1 32A 1p 2x6mm*2
A/C2 32A 1p 2x6mm*2
Rectifier 32A 4p 4x6mm*2
Power
Socket(Differential)RCCB
16A 2p 2x4mm*2
Power socket 10A 1p 2x4mm*2
Lighting 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Emergency lighting 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Fire detection 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Night beacon 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Fence lighting 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
A/Cs Control 4A 1p 2x1mm*2
Spare 10A 1p ---


All loads that can be grounded must have additional wire (Grounding
wire of the specified color code). i.e. Sockets, Fire panel, Lighting,
..etc.

The color code must be respected in the inner connections of the
GEDP.

The GEDP must contain two connection bars :
A. For the neutral connection of all loads.
B. For the earth connection.

Wire of the specified color code). i.e. Sockets , Fire panel , Lighting ,
..etc




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Outdoor (GEDP)


Load of C.B. Rating of C.B. No. of poles Cable CS
Main switch 50A 4p 4x32mm*2
CBO for 1 ph source 25A 2p 3x2.5mm*2
MBO for 1ph source 32A 2p 3x6mm*2
MBO for 3ph source 25A 4p 5x6mm*2
Lighting & power outlet 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Light beacon 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Fence lights 10A 1p 2x2mm*2
Spare 10A 1p ---

All loads that can be grounded , must have additional wire (Grounding
wire of the specified color code ) . i.e. Sockets, Lighting , ..etc

The fire relay fed by DC voltage from the fire panel must be in the
GEDP, with coil rating according to the following table.

Type of fire Panel Fire panel DC voltage Coil rating
Zeta 24 Vdc 24 Vdc
PCS 200 24 Vdc 24 Vdc
Esser 12 Vdc 12 Vdc

Notes:
All circuit breakers should be labeled with the name of the device they
protect. The labeling shall be in a sure and permanent manner.

The electrical diagram should be printed on an aluminum sheet and be
fixed on the GEDP.

All breakers shall have a pole to disconnect the neutral conductor.

Breakers shall be conform to IEC 947-2, NF C 63-120




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It is recommended to install a protective device against voltage surges
for the GEDP with a fused protection in accordance with UTE C 15-443
standard The surge limiter shall be in accordance with NF C 61 740
standard with Up>2kV and Imax>40kA (ex: Schneider PF 65r type).

One surge arrestor shall be installed to provide common mode
protection live &neutral wit the following specs :

System rated voltage 220 Volts
Rated discharge current 15 KA
Full discharge current 40 KA
Permanent operating current: <1mA
Permanent operating full withstand voltage: 270 V
Protection level: 1.5kV

One circuit breaker of the selective type (slow response) with alarm
switches shall be installed upstream from the surge arrestor. The circuit
breaker will allow the surge arrestor to be isolated from the rest of the
installation in case of a failure or maintenance.

The circuit breaker shall have a rating of 20A and a short circuit rating of
25kA. The combination of surge arrestor and associated circuit breaker
shall be placed upstream from the earth leakage protection device
(rccb).

An earth bar shall be installed directly under the surge arrestor. The
following points must be considered when installing the surge arrestor
and the associated circuit breaker:-

The connections must be short as possible. The length of the
connections starting from the main circuit breaker to the associated
circuit breaker to the surge arrestor to the earth bar must not exceed
50cm

The outgoing connections must be connected right at the terminals of
the associated circuit breaker.

Some areas suffer from low power quality (harmonics, spikes, over-
voltages, sags, etc.0. In this case separate transient voltage surge
suppression (TVSS) system shall be installed. The system shall consist
of silicon avalanche diodes (SADs) backed-up by metal-oxide varistors
(MOVs) modules.






BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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7- Rectifier (elaboration)

In order to convert the alternating current (ac) to direct current (dc) and
to charge the batteries a rectifier is installed.

The civil works subcontractor will pull a power supply cable in a duct to
the middle of the future rectifier location about 2,2m above the floor.

The subcontractor will let the cable hanging approximately 1m long from
the cable duct in order to connect the rectifier by the BTS manufacturer.


8- BACK UP POWER SUPPLY

A set of batteries will be used as a back up power supply of the site in
case of power failure. The set of batteries chosen must be able to supply
the site for 8-hours.

The batteries should be placed in the racks (or on tables).

The battery racks should be installed 30cm away from the wall in case of
leakage from the air-conditioning units.

a) For sites equipped by ALCATEL:

For 8-hours backup: 3 cabinets Mini BTS (4 TRX per sector)
require 48 blocks of batteries placed in 2 racks.

b) For sites equipped by MOTOROLA:

For 8-hours backup: 3 cabinets M-Cell6 (4 TRX per sector)
require 5 racks of batteries.

The interconnection for the batteries coupling must be electrically
isolated in accordance with the electrical specifications.













BTS Site Description Power Distribution


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9- General construction Notes

1- Electrical Work Concerning PVC Conduits

All connections and terminations shall be by means of a manufacturers
standard adopter. All boxes shall have brass thread inserts for the fixing
of accessories or covers. All tees shall be made using conduit tee boxes.
Multiple conduits may necessitate the use of large U.P.V.C. adaptable
boxes for junctions.

In order to facilitate interchange ability and to eliminate problems of
differential manufacturing tolerances, it is essential that all PVC conduit
and appropriate accessories covered by this specification shall be
obtained from the same manufacturer.

Conduits shall be joined and terminated utilizing the following
appropriate components as supplied by the conduit manufacturer.

Purposed made adopters and accessories.
Permanent adhesive to produce a rigid watertight joint

Conduit shall be supported at intervals of 1 meter.

Multiple conduits may necessitate the use of large PVC adaptable boxes
for junctions, which shall be readily accessible at all times.

All conduits shall have a width of 10cm.


2- Electrical Work Concerning Cables

Where cables are run in cable trays, the cable of each circuit or groups
of circuits shall be clipped together using nylon straps or other suitable
straps or clips. Were multiple circuits wiring follows a common route then
the wiring shall be installed in trucking rather than multiple conduits.

All cable runs shall be continuous and no joints will be permitted.

Individual conductor or circuit identification shall be carried throughout,
with circuit numbers or other identification clearly stamped on terminal
boards and printed on directory cards in distribution cabinets and panel




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boards. Where terminal boards are not provided, wires shall be properly
identified by means of plastic sleeves wire markers

Where cables are supported on cable tray they shall be fixed to the
cable tray using suitable approved straps of clips. Ties shall be spaced
at not greater than 600 mm intervals along each cable and within 100
mm of end bend or set.

Conductors shall be sized according to their respective protective
devices and their amp cities. As a guideline, the following excerpts from
UTE 15-105 table MS 2A can be followed to determine the minimal
conductors size required with respect to the circuit breakers used:


Breaker size Conductor Size (CU)

10 1.5
15 2.5
20 4
32 6
50 10
63 16
80 25
100 35

Installation of Wiring Devices

All wiring shall be fixed independently of the system of wiring. All fixing
screws or bolts shall be of steel and where the appropriate apparatus
has a protective coating of zinc or is mounted outside; an electro-
galvanized finish shall be used complying with relevant standards and
codes of practice.

3- Electrical Connections for Equipment

For each electrical connection, provide complete assembly of materials,
including but not necessary limited to, pressure connectors, terminals
(lugs), electrical insulating tape, electrical solder, electrical soldering flux,
heat shrinkable insulating tubing, cable ties, solder less wire nuts, and
other items and accessories as needed to complete splices and
terminations of type indicated.

Provide electrical, heat-shrinkable insulating tubing boots, solder,
electrical soldering flux, wire nuts and cable ties as recommended for
use by the accessories manufacturers for type services indicated.





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Connect electrical power supply conductors to equipment conductor in
accordance with equipment manufacturers written instructions and
wiring diagrams.

Splices insulated by tape shall not be acceptable.

Prepare cables and wires, by cutting stripping covering Armor, jacket,
and insulation properly to ensure uniform and neat appearance where
cables and wires are terminated.

Trim cables and wires as short as practicable.

Tighten wire-binding connector screws firmly.

Where a conduit enters a box or other fitting a bushing or grommet shall be
provided to protect the wire from abrasion unless the design of the box or
fitting.