Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better.

When it does not exist, design it. Sir Henry Royce

Coordinating Teacher !i"ip Roxana Student #o"ea
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With my passion about cars since I was little, choosing this theme was not
very complicated. Rolls-Royce is one of the most interesting and oldest car brands
in the world and Englishmen are proud of it. I was always fascinated by Rolls-
Royce cars, by their innate elegance of the mark, and that, now, they have some of
the most beautiful cars in the world.
For the beginning, an introduction in the world of Rolls-Royce.
fter, life of the most important producer of Rolls-Royce !ompany, and all about
Rolls-Royce cars, maybe more.
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"he Rolls-Royce cars in the present and how they evolved.
"he # chapters introduce you in the wonderful world of Rolls-Royce lu$ury
cars and in their magical history.

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The #eginning
Rolls-Royce Limited was created over a famous lunch in May
1904. Henry Royce, a successful engineer, struc a deal with !harles
Rolls, owner of one of the first car dealershi"s. #he rest is history. #he
ensuing series of two, three, four and si$ cylinder cars %roe the
mould for engineering and craftsmanshi". #he &ilver 'host, launched
in 190(, was a car of legendary smoothness that com"leted a 14,)(1
mile virtually non-sto" run, creating *the %est car in the world* legend.

Sir !rederick Henry Royce .as a pioneering engineer and car

manufacturer, .ho .ith Char"es Ste.art Ro""s founded the Ro""s$Royce company.
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*ar"y "ife
!rederick Henry Royce .as born in 012, in 3".a"ton, Huntingdonshire,
near 'eterborough, to 4ames and 5ary Royce, the youngest of their five chi"dren.
His father ran a f"our mi"" but the business fai"ed and so the fami"y moved to
6ondon.
His father died in 017+ and so Royce had to go to .ork se""ing
ne.spapers and de"ivering te"egrams, having had on"y year of forma" schoo"ing. 3t
the age of 0-, an aunt arranged for him to become apprentice to the 8reat &orthern
Rai".ay Company9s "ocomotive .orks in 'eterborough. He stayed there for three
years, .here he gained an enthusiasm for engineering.
%n 011+ he became a tester .ith the 6ondon *"ectric 6ight and 'o.er
Company, insta""ing e"ectric arc and incandescent street "ighting. 3t the same time
he a"so attended evening c"asses organised by the City and 8ui"ds %nstitute. His
emp"oyers, impressed by his dedication, appointed him chief e"ectrica" engineer of
the 6ancashire 5axim and Western *"ectric Company, a subsidiary of the 6ondon
*"ectric Company to introduce e"ectric "ighting to 6iverpoo". %n this capacity Royce
.orked on theatre "ighting, but unfortunate"y, the company .ent into "i:uidation and
he again became unemp"oyed.
'artnership .ith *rnest 3"bert C"aremont
%n 011- he moved to 5anchester and .ith *rnest 3"bert C"aremont, .ho
he had met .hi"e at 6iverpoo", founded an engineering business, !. H. Royce and
Co., .hich manufactured s.itches, fuses and be"" sets. %n 01;,, Royce married
5innie 8race 'unt, and set up home in <nutsford.
%n 01;-, Royce and C"aremont converted their business into a "imited
company, Royce 6td., .hich specia"ised in manufacturing dynamos and motors.
With an increased staff, Royce .as free to spend time on his designs, inc"uding an
e"ectrica""y driven crane. Whi"e the company did .e"" in the first coup"e of years, the
.ar in South 3frica in 01;7 meant that domestic investment .as reduced and the
company "ost out to more competitive businesses. 3t the same time, Royce
became increasing"y interested in road vehic"es, a cause of concern for his
co""eagues.
%n 0;=,, Royce bought his first motor vehic"e, a second$hand 0= hp
>ecauvi""e, and as it did not comp"y .ith his high standards, set about re$designing
it. 6ater that year, he announced his intention to bui"d his o.n motor$car, .hich
appeared in 0;=-. Royce had made most of it himse"f, .ith the he"p of t.o
assistants.
Three copies of the mode" .ere made, and due to Royce9s rigorous
testing, .ere unusua""y re"iab"e for the time. 3 co""eague of Royce sent a
photograph and specifications of the vehic"e to Char"es Ste.art Ro""s, .ho ran an
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agency for !rench cars in 6ondon. 3fter having visited Royce in person, Ro""s
agreed to become his so"e agent.
The Ro""s$Royce partnership
The first Ro""s$Royce car, the Ro""s$Royce 0= hp, .as exhibited at the
'aris sa"on in >ecember 0;=-. The partnership .as forma"ised in 0;=2 by creating
Ro""s$Royce 6td., .ith Royce providing technica" expertise, and Ro""s the financia"
support and business ski""s. #y 0;=7 the company .as .inning a.ards for the
engineering re"iabi"ity of its cars, .ith their most popu"ar car being the Si"ver 8host.
To cope .ith demand, the .orks .as moved from 5anchester to >erby in 0;=1.
Royce9s dec"ine in hea"th
3round this time Royce9s hea"th began to suffer as a resu"t of four years
of constant .ork, and in 0;0= after Ro""s untime"y death, Royce suffered a physica"
breakdo.n. %n spite of this he returned to .ork, though he .as prevented from
visiting the factory. He sp"it his time bet.een his three homes, at West Wittering in
Sussex, St. 5argaret9s in <ent, and a vi""a in the south of !rance, persona""y
checking every ne. design.
3eronautica" design
Whi"e Ro""s had been interested in aeronautica" engineering, Royce on"y
became invo"ved in designing aerop"anes after the outbreak of the !irst Wor"d War,
.hen he modified a Si"ver 8host engine for use in aerop"anes. %n 0;0/ he produced
the +== hp *ag"e for the 3dmira"ty. ?ver 2,=== .ere ordered and it p"ayed a
significant part in the .ar.
%n 0;+1, he began design of the @R9 engine, .hich .as a modified
version of the 1/= hp <estre" aerop"ane engine. The next year, inset in the
Supermarine S2 seap"ane it set a ne. .or"d air speed record of ,/7.7 mi"es per
hour and .as a.arded the Schneider Trophy. ?ut of the experience gained from
this, Royce created the prototype for the 5er"in, a 0+$cy"inder A engine .hich
po.ered Spitfires and Hurricanes in the Second Wor"d War.
Royce .as a member of the %nstitution of 5echanica" *ngineers, The
%nstitution of *"ectrica" *ngineers and the %nstitution of 3eronautica" *ngineers. 3fter
the !irst Wor"d War Royce .as a.arded the ?#* and in 0;,= .as created a
#aronet, of Seaton in the County of Rut"and, for his exce""ent contribution to #ritish
3viation. He died at his house @*"mstead9, in West Wittering on ++ 3pri" 0;,, at the
age of 7=.
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!rederick Henry Royce .as born in 3".a"ton near
'eterborough on +7 5arch 012,, the youngest of five
chi"dren. The fami"y moved to 6ondon in 017+ .here Henry
age ; began his first Bob C de"ivering ne.spapers and
te"egrams.
3t 0/, after on"y one year of forma" schoo"ing he
began an apprenticeship .ith great &orthern Rai".ays.
>uring the next fe. years he .orked as a too"maker in
6eeds and .ith the *"ectric 6ight and 'o.er Co. in 6ondon
and 6iverpoo".
#y 011- he had saved D+=, enough to start a
business .ith his friend, *rnest C"aremont, .ho had
D/=.The factory in 5anchester began by producing e"ectrica"
fittings and "ater dynamos and cranes. 3t first it .as ca""ed
!. H. Royce E Co. but "ater Royce 6td. This company
continued to manufacture cranes unti" 0;,+ .hen it .as
bought out by Herbert 5orrison. The "ast Royce crane .as
bui"t in 0;2-.
#y 0;=- he had
produced his first car
and ca""ed it a Royce.
He produced t.o
more of the same,
one he gave to his
business
partner *rnest
C"aremont.
The other .as so"d for D,;/ to a man
ca""ed Henry *dmunds .ho had a friend in
6ondon .ith a car sho.room. This friend9s
name .as Char"es Ste.art Ro""s.
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%n 0;=0 Royce bought his first car,
a sma"" >e >ion, and in 0;=, he
bought a + cy"inder >eauvi""e. He
.as not impressed by either one.
3t first he tried to improve their
mechanica" re"iabi"ity but soon
gave up and decided to
manufacture a car to his o.n
design.
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The Hon Char"es Ste.art Ro""s .as born +7 3ugust 0117 in 5ayfair 6ondon. The son of
6ord 6"angattock, he .as educated at *ton and Cambridge. He .as .ea"thy enough not to have
to .ork but his interest in cars "ead him to set up a sa"es room in 6ondon to supp"y cars to his rich
aristocratic friends. He a"so .as not happy .ith the re"iabi"ity of the cars that .ere avai"ab"e and
.as continua""y searching for something better.
3 meeting .as arranged by *dmunds bet.een Ro""s and Royce at the 5id"and Hote" in
5anchester.
The date .as - 5ay 0;=-. 3 partnership .as agreed. Royce .as to produce cars and Ro""s to
se"" them. 'rovided that they had four cy"inders and .ere ca""ed Ro""s$Royce. FThe bodies .ere
produced by 4ohn Roberts of Hu"me.G The partnership proved to be successfu" so a company .as
formed in 5arch 0;=2 ca""ed Ro""s$Royce 6td. *rnest C"aremont became the first Chairman of
Ro""s$Royce in 0;=7. &either Ro""s or Royce .ere ever Chairman. Royce9s tit"e .as *ngineer in
Chief.
The first @rea"9 Ro""s$Royce car .as the 2 cy"inder
-=H/= H' .hich became kno.n as the Si"ver 8host.
#et.een 0;=7 and 0;+/, 717= .ere produced, 07== of
these in Springfie"d IS3 Fopened in 0;+0G. >uring this same
period Henry !ord produced about 0/ mi""ion mode" T9s.
The Si"ver 8host .as said by 3utocar 5agaJine to
be The #est Car %n The Wor"d. &obody cha""enged that.
Ro""s$Royce produced on"y the chassis, engine,
gearbox and running gear. The body.ork .as manufactured
by other companies CHamsha.s, #arkers etc., so the Si"ver
8host came in may shapes from the c"assic, e"egant, to the
eccentric and even an armoured version.
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%n 0;=7 it became c"ear that the
5anchester factory .as too sma"". %t .as
decided to move to >erby, primari"y because
e"ectricity .as cheaper in that area. #y 4u"y
0;=1 the ne. factory .as up and running. %t is
sti"" there today a"though no. producing aero
engine parts.
Ro""s other great interest .as f"ying. He
.as associated .ith the Wright brothers and
bought a Wright !"yer. He became the first man to
f"y across the *ng"ish Channe" both .ays non$
stop in 4une 0;0=. 4ust one month "ater on the 0+
4u"y 0;0= Char"es Ro""s .as ki""ed .hi"st f"ying the
same aircraft in a disp"ay in #ournemouth.
%n 0;00 Royce became grave"y i"", he .as a .orkaho"ic
and hard"y ever ate proper"y. The company a"most co""apsed. He
took an extended ho"iday in *urope and *gypt. He never
returned to fu"" time .ork in >erby, but "ived in the South of
!rance during the .inters and the south of *ng"and. !ortunate"y
for Ro""s$Royce this a""o.ed him to concentrate on designing for
the future.
3t about this time it became fashionab"e to put a mascot
on the radiator of your car. Royce .anted a mascot befitting the
sty"e of The #est Car in The Wor"d. 3rtist Char"es Sykes .as
commissioned to design the mascot C The Spirit of *cstasy C
The !"ying 6ady.
The mode" .as *"eanor Thornton, secretary of 6ord 5ontague.
!rom 0;00 a"" cars had the mascot.
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Through the 0;+=9s Ro""s$
Royce continued to produce the
Si"ver 8host and in 0;+/ the first
'hantom. Cars .ere produced in
>erby and Springfie"d IS3. The
3merican had its o.n very
distinctive "ook. Remember Ro""s$
Royce did not produce the
body.ork.
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War came in 0;0-. %t .as expected to "ast on"y a fe. months.
The Ro""s Royce #oard conc"uded that KRo""s$Royce .ou"d not avai" itse"f of the
opportunity of making aero engines for the #ritish 8overnment.What .ou"d have
happened if they have stuck to thisL Royce soon rea"ised three things
The .ar .as going to be a "ong strugg"e.
%t .ou"d be fought in the air as .e"" as "and and sea.
#ritain9s mi"itary aircraft .ou"d need a re"iab"e engine.

Ro""s$Royce first aero engine the *ag"e .as first tested in !ebruary 0;0/.
%nitia""y it produced ++/ H' "ater versions ,2= H' and .as "i:uid coo"ed A0+, += "itre,
.eighing ;== "bs. *ventua""y -21= eag"es .ere produced F0/== in the IS3G and used in
/= different types of aircraft and airships.
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%n the air the greatest priJe at the
time .as the Schneider Trophy.
'resented to the nation .ith fastest
seap"ane over a measured
predetermined course. #ritain .on it in
0;+7 in a Supermarine S/ po.ered by a
&apier 6ion engine.
Regina"d 5itche"" designer of the
S/ Fand "ater the SpitfireG asked Ro""s$
Royce to deve"op an engine for the race,
but initia""y they dec"ined. 6ater they .ere
persuaded by the government to produce
an engine C the first not to have a name.
%t .as Bust ca""ed the @R9. %t had 0+
cy"inders of ,2.7 "itres, .eighed 07== "bs
and the "ast version produced over +2==
H'. 5itche""9s S2 po.ered by the @R9 .on
the race in 0;+; and the S2b .on in 0;,0
at an average speed of near"y -== mph
.ith an @R9 engine producing over 0;==
H'. 3 short .hi"e "ater a S2# .ith an
uprated engine of +2== H' raised the
.or"d speed record to -=7 5'H.
5itche""9s S2b "ed him to design
the Spitfire.
Ro""s$Royce deve"oped the @R9 into the 5er"in .hich po.ered the Spitfire,
Hurricane and numerous other aircraft during the second .or"d .ar.
%n 0;,0 Ro""s$Royce great riva" #ent"ey .ent into receivership. Ro""s$Royce
bought out the company and in 0;,- began to produce #ent"eys in >erby.
Henry Royce died in 0;,,.
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The same year the RR emb"em .as changed from Red to #"ack. &ot out of
respect for Henry Royce as the "egend has it but because customers
thought that red c"ashed .ith the body co"ours of their cars. Henry
Royce had agreed to this before he died.
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&ostradamus said in 0/-1.
M!rom 3"bionNs shore sha"" come a marve"ous conveyance, a
carriage si"incieux bearing the arms of Ro""es >e Roi.M
The first 0= hp Ro""s$Royce .as so"d for D,;/...Today it is .orth over D+/=,===
5ore than six out of ten of a"" Ro""s$Royce 5otor cars bui"t are sti"" road.orthy
The Ro""s$Royce radiator gri""e is made entire"y by hand and eye $ no measuring
instruments are used
%t takes one man one day to make a Ro""s$Royce radiator, and then five
hours are spent po"ishing it
%t takes over 1== man$hours to make the body of a 'hantom A%
3 Ro""s$Royce does not break do.n. %t Nfai"s to proceed.N
*ven today every Ro""s$Royce engine is comp"ete"y hand bui"t
The coo"ing capacity of the air$conditioning system in the Si"ver Spirit is
e:uiva"ent to that of ,= domestic refrigerators
&o one is certain .ho designed the Ro""s$Royce radiator gri""e or the
inter"inked RR badge
M?ur abso"ute priority, .as to create a motor car that is c"ear"y a Ro""s$Royce
even .hen the radiator gri""e is not in vie..M %an Cameron, Ro""s$Royce 'hantom
>esigner
MThe 'hantom is a first cousin on"y to the 8od of si"ence, and manners, and
breeding. %t is an ex:uisite car and % .ou"d have one tomorro. if it .eren9t so
b"oody expensive.MMThis car, then, is not a car at a"". %t is a fanfare. 3 b"ast of
trumpeteering to si"ence the cro.ds .hen someone specia" is about to enter the
room. The reason .hy there9s no advertising for this car is simp"e. %t9s bui"t to
advertise you.M4eremy C"arkson
M3t 2= mi"es an hour the "oudest noise in this Ro""s$Royce comes from the e"ectric
c"ock.M>avid ?gi"vy $ 0;/1 Ro""s$Royce 3dvertisement
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3n aristocratic "ady once asked Sir Henry, M.hat .ou"d happen if the factory at
>erby produced a bad carOM Sir Henry ans.ered, M5adam. The man on the gate
.ou"d not "et it out of the .orksM.
MThe motor beneath the bonnet might be a si"ent se.ing machinePthere is no
rea"isation of driving propu"sionQ the fee"ing as the passenger sits either at the
front or back of the vehic"e is one of being .afted through the "andscape.M3utocar
revie. of Si"ver 8host, 0;=7
M%f automobi"es had fo""o.ed the same deve"opment cyc"e as the computer, a
Ro""s$Royce .ou"d today cost R0==, get a mi""ion mi"es per ga""on, and exp"ode
once a year, ki""ing everyone inside.MRobert Cringe"y
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#he first new Rolls-Royce of the +1st century %egan with a challenge to %uild the
%est car in the world. #he result, -hantom. .t was followed %y -hantom /$tended
0heel%ase, the less formal 1ro"head !ou"2 and the slee and seductive -hantom
!ou"2. &"urred on %y the ins"iring words of their founder, in +01+ Rolls-Royce set
themselves the challenge of maing the %est cars in the world, even %etter. #he result,
-hantom &eries ...
#he launch of 'host and 'host /$tended 0heel%ase mared the ne$t stage in
the evolution of the mar3ue. #his gave Rolls-Royce two "innacle "roduct ranges, each
of which have a "ersonality of their own, yet share the same "owerful "resence you
e$"ect from Rolls-Royce. #o develo" and %uild the most technologically advanced
Rolls-Royce motor cars ever also re3uired a significant investment in the worforce and
the assem%ly "lant at 'oodwood.
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Rolls-Royce - The Classic Elegance by Lawrence Dalton
(2nd Edition revised by Bernard L. King)
Rolls-Royce Bentley !"irit o# E $cellence by %onathan &ood
Celebrating the '((th )ear *nniversary o# Rolls-Royce +otor Cars
by Broo,lands -ew +edia Ltd.
The .ost-&ar .hanto/s 012 12 10 by +artin Bennett
Bentley +ar, 102 Rolls-Royce !ilver &raith2 !ilver Dawn !ilver Clo3d2 Bentley R-
!eries !-!eries by +artin -3tland
The Rolls-Royce !ilver 4host by %onathan 5arley
6riginal Rolls-Royce Bentley '789-9: by %a/es Taylor
Rolls-Royce !ilver !hadow Bentley T-!eries Ca/arg3e Corniche
by +alcol/ Bobbitt
Rolls-Royce !ilver !"irit !ilver !"3r2 Bentley +3lsanne2 Eight2 Continental2
Broo,lands *;3re by +alcol/ Bobbitt
httpHH....theiet.orgHresourcesH"ibraryHarchivesHbiographiesHroyce.cfm
httpHH....ichauffeur.co.ukHcarsHro""s$royceHhistoryH:uotesH
httpHH....goog"e.roHsearchOh"SroEgsTrnS;EgsTriSpsy$
abEp:S:uotesUaboutUro""sUroyceUcarsEcpS01EgsTidS2ExhrStE:Ssi"verUghostU0;=7Eb
avSon.+,or.rT:f.Ebi.S0,22EbihS227EumS0EieSIT!$
1EtbmSischEsourceSogEsaS&EtabS.iEeiSf4x0IVe#?1T)sgbk=oC.>WXimgrcS8%gV3
8o5VBc4s5Y,3Y,#?5IsJJ86aVd&#5Y,#httpY+/,3Y+/+!
Y+/+!....c"assics.comY+/+!images=-Y+/+!pb=-$=-.BpgY,#httpY+/,3Y+/+!
Y+/+!....c"assics.comY+/+!pbbch=-.htm"Y,#0===Y,#2==
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