Which is Better?

Invasive or Noninvasive
Prosthetics
A Journey as a Patient
By Camille Abaya, Trisha Chatterjee,
and Celine Choi

Pros & Cons by Camille Abaya
Historic Timeline by Celine Choi
Bibliography, Sources, and
Pictures by Trisha Chatterjee


TPSP Presentation
T.H.Rogers, 6th Grade
DR.COXS HR


When a patient first considers prosthetics, they
take a visit to the doctor. The doctor will tell them
the basic information on prosthesis.
What is Prosthesis?
Prosthesis is the branch of surgery or of dentistry that deals with
the replacement of missing parts with artificial structures. This
basically means that prosthesis is an artificial limb to
replace any missing limbs.
Knowing this, you continue your
research by asking about the
options available to you.
Invasive Prosthesis





Noninvasive Prosthesis
What are my options?
In order to choose between
these two options, you must
know how they are alike and
different.

Invasive prosthetics means that the patient will have to undergo surgery to
attach the prosthetic limb to their body.
Non-invasive prosthesis, however, is simpler. There is no need for surgery,
but the limb will also have less flexibility and controllability.
This is because non-invasive prosthetic limbs are not directly connected to
the nerve endings, but are controlled by an outside source. For example, a
man can have a prosthetic limb attached to his leg from the knee or hip
that is controlled by a walking stick that he can hold in his hand.

What is the difference?
So now that you know more
about your options, it is now
time to think...
Invasive or Noninvasive
Prosthesis?
Hmmm
The noninvasive seems like the least risky, but
the invasive seems the more advanced option. If I
had a leg injury, i would pick noninvasive, but if i
had a hand injury, i would pick invasive. So it
depends.
Invasive or Noninvasive Prosthesis?
1. Before 600 B.C.- A wooden toe was discovered on a mummified foot, attached by string.
Technology Timeline of Prosthetics
2. 1529- Ambroise Pare introduces amputation to the medical world.
3. 1696- Pieter Andriannszoon Verduyn creates the first non-locking prosthetic for below the
knee.
4. 1843- Sir James Syme describes his method for amputating at the ankle. Before the
introduction of this method these amputations were made at the thigh. This method allowed
amputees to be able to walk again.
5.1861-1865: The Civil War causes the start of American prosthetics. 30,000 amputees were
reported on the Union side alone.
6. 1939-1945: World War 2 veterans find the current prosthetics insufficient. The U.S. makes
deals with military companies to improve prosthetics instead of weapons. The government
standardizes prosthetics training and increases funding for prosthetics research at
universities.

Historic Timeline
7. 1960's- Russians create a functional moving prosthetic hand. Americans create a fully
functional prosthetic arm.
8. 1970's- Orthotic-prosthetic education essentials, terminology, and new titles and job
descriptions are developed.
9. 1990- Orthotic-prosthetics wins the right to be a seperate field from durable medical equipment
for reimbursement purposes.
10. 2001- AOPA ( American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association ) changes its eligibility bylaws to
include more members in O&P.
11. 2012: Motor-powered prosthetics are the newest type of prosthetics. They're also the most
developed today. They have a small Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) that allows patients to walk
almost as well as non-amputees. They work well for balance and movement, as well as
allowing patients to walk up and down stairs without straining non-prosthetic parts of their
bodies.
Historic Timeline (Cont.)
So now that you know so much
about prosthesis,

Lets Review!
What is Prosthesis?

Which is riskier?
Invasive Prosthesis
or
Noninvasive Prosthesis

Why is invasive
prosthesis risky?

Prosthetic Limbs
Pros,Cons, and Formatting by Camille
Abaya
Slides: 1-11,14-17
History by Celine Choi
Slides: 12,13
Bibliography, Sources, and Pictures by
Trisha Chatterjee
Slides: 18,20
TPSP Presentation
T.H.Rogers, 6th Grade
DR.COXS HR

1. Ching-chang, Kuo, Jessica L. Knight, Chelsea A. Dressel, and Alan Chiu. Non-invasive BCI for the Decoding of
Intended Arm Reaching Movement in Prosthetic Limb Control. Sapub. Web. 28 Mar. 2014.
2. Clements, Isaac Perry. How Prosthetic Limbs Work. How Stuff Works. How Stuff Works, 25 June 2008. Web. 23
Apr. 2014.
3. Haines, Tim. Minimally Invasive Prosthesis. Stanmore Implants. Stanmore Implants Worldwide Ltd., 2013.Web.
04 Apr. 2014.
4. Hill, Erin J., and Bronwyn Harris. The Pros and Cons of Prosthetic Devices. Wise Geek. Conjecture, 17 Apr. 2014.
Web. 02 Apr. 2014.
5. Salisbury, David. "New Bionic Leg Gives Amputees a Natural Gait." Vanderbilt Research. Vanderbilt University,
17 Aug. 2011. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.
6. Salisbury, David. Robotic Advances Promise Artificial Legs That Emulate Healthy Limbs. Vanderbilt Research.
Vanderbilt University, 07 Nov. 2013. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
7. Sofge, Erik. Smart Bionic Limbs are Reengineering the Human. Popular Mechanics. Hearst Communication, Inc.,
28 May 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2014.
8. Woodman, Rob. Custom JTS Non Invasive Extendible Prostheses Stanmore Implants. Stanmore Implants
Worldwide Ltd., 2013. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.

Bibliography/Sources