Below-Hook Lifting Devices Standards

DOE-STD-1090-2007
CHAPTER 14
BELOW-THE-HOOK LIFTING DEVICES

14-i
This chapter provides the requirements for below-the-hook lifting devices used in hoisting and rigging,
such as spreader bars, lifting yokes, and lift fixtures. This section implements the requirements of ASME
B30.20, Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices (for latest ASME standards, see
http://catalog.asme.org/home.cfm?Category=CS).

NOTE: Special lifting devices for shipping containers weighing 10,000 lb or more that are used for
radioactive materials are governed by ANSI N14.6 [Standard for Special Lifting Devices for Shipping
Containers Weighing 10,000 Pounds (4,500 kg) or More for Nuclear Materials.]

14.1 GENERAL............................................................................................................................... 14-1

14.2 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL LIFTING DEVICES ................................................ 14-2
14.2.1 Design/Fabrication ................................................................................................. 14-2
14.2.2 Marking.................................................................................................................. 14-2
14.2.3 Modification/Rerating ............................................................................................ 14-3
14.2.4 Guarding................................................................................................................. 14-3
14.2.5 Inspections.............................................................................................................. 14-3
14.2.5.1 Initial Inspection ............................................................................... 14-3
14.2.5.2 Frequent Inspection........................................................................... 14-3
14.2.5.3 Periodic Inspection ........................................................................... 14-3
14.2.6 Testing.................................................................................................................... 14-4
14.2.6.1 Operational Test................................................................................ 14-4
14.2.6.2 Rated Load Test ................................................................................ 14-4
14.2.7 Maintenance .......................................................................................................... 14-4
14.2.8 Training/Qualification............................................................................................ 14-4
14.2.9 Operation................................................................................................................ 14-8
14.2.10 Critical Lifts .......................................................................................................... 14-8

14.3 VACUUM LIFTING DEVICES.............................................................................................. 14-9
14.3.1 Design/Fabrication ................................................................................................. 14-9
14.3.2 Marking.................................................................................................................. 14-9
14.3.3 Installation............................................................................................................ 14-11
14.3.4 Inspections............................................................................................................ 14-11
14.3.4.1 Initial Inspection ............................................................................. 14-11
14.3.4.2 Frequent Inspection......................................................................... 14-11
14.3.4.3 Periodic Inspection ......................................................................... 14-11
14.3.5 Testing.................................................................................................................. 14-12
14.3.5.1 Operational Test.............................................................................. 14-12
14.3.5.2 Rated Load Test .............................................................................. 14-12
14.3.6 Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 14-12
14.3.7 Training/Qualification.......................................................................................... 14-12
14.3.8 Operation.............................................................................................................. 14-13
14.3.9 Critical Lifts ........................................................................................................ 14-14

14.4 MAGNETS, CLOSE-PROXIMITY-OPERATED ................................................................ 14-15
14.4.1 Design/Fabrication ............................................................................................... 14-15
14.4.2 Marking................................................................................................................ 14-15
14.4.2.1 Rated Load (Capacity) .................................................................... 14-17
14.4.2.2 Controls........................................................................................... 14-17
14.4.3 Installation............................................................................................................ 14-17
14-ii

14.4.4 Inspections............................................................................................................ 14-17
14.4.5 Testing.................................................................................................................. 14-18
14.4.5.2 Rated Load Test .............................................................................. 14-18
14.4.6 Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 14-18
14.4.8 Operation.............................................................................................................. 14-19
14.4.8.1 External-Powered Electromagnets.................................................. 14-20
14.4.8.2 Battery-Operated Electromagnets ................................................... 14-20
14.4.8.3 Electrically Controlled Permanent Magnets ................................... 14-20
14.4.8.4 Manually Controlled Permanent Magnets ...................................... 14-20
14.4.9 Critical Lifts ........................................................................................................ 14-20

14.5 MAGNETS, REMOTE OPERATED.................................................................................... 14-21
14.5.1 Design/Fabrication ............................................................................................... 14-21
14.5.2 Marking................................................................................................................ 14-21
14.5.3 Installation............................................................................................................ 14-21
14.5.4 Inspections............................................................................................................ 14-21
14.5.5 Testing.................................................................................................................. 14-23
14.5.6 Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 14-23
14.5.8 Operation.............................................................................................................. 14-24
14.5.9 Critical Lifts ........................................................................................................ 14-24

Exhibit I Lifting Bars and Spreaders Load Test and Inspection................................................. 14-27

DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.1 GENERAL

14-1 Chapter 14
Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices
a. Below-the-hook lifting devices are arranged
in the following groups because of the
diversity of types:

1. Structural and mechanical lifting
devices.

2. Vacuum lifting devices.

3. Close-proximity-operated magnets.

4. Remote-operated magnets.

b. Slings and rigging accessories that may be
components in a below-the hook lifting
device are covered in Chapters 11 and 12
(Wire Rope and Slings, and Rigging
Accessories, respectively) of this standard..

c. The working load limit (WLL) of below-
the- hook lifting devices shall not be
exceeded in their as configured application.

d. Individual site programs shall describe how
periodic inspections for below-the-hook
lifting devices are recorded. These records
may include an external coded mark or tag
on the device (e.g. date, annually changed
color stripe, etc.) indicating both periodicity
and the satisfactory completion of the
required periodic inspection, or a written
record as acceptable documentation. (Refer
to Sections 14.2.5.3.d, 14.3.4.3.d, 14.4.4.3.e,
and 14.5.4.3.d.)
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.2 STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL LIFTING DEVICES

Chapter 14 14-2

a. Structural and mechanical lifting devices are
often one-of-a-kind designs. Typical
devices include:

1. Load-supporting lifting devices (Figure
14-1).

2. Friction-type pressure gripping lifting
devices (Figure 14-2).

3. Indentation-type gripping lifting devices
(Figure 14-3).

4. Cask lift fixtures (Figure 14-4).

14.2.1 DESIGN/FABRICATION

Structural and mechanical lifting devices shall be
designed, fabricated , labeled and assigned a
design category according to the provisions of
ASME B30.20 and ASME BTH-1.

14.2.2 MARKING

a. The rated capacity of each lifting device
shall be marked on the main structure where
it is visible and legible. If the lifting device
comprises several items, each detachable
from the assembly, each lifting device shall
be marked with its rated capacity. At a
minimum, a nameplate, name tag, or other
permanent marker shall be affixed
displaying the following data.

1. Manufacturers name (contractors
name if fabricated onsite).

2. Lifting device weight (if over 100 lb).

3. Serial number (if applicable).

4. Rated capacity.

b. All new structural and mechanical lifting
devices shall be marked with, but not limited
to, the following information:

1. Manufacturers name and address

2. Serial number

3. Lifter weight, if over 100 lb (45 kg)
4. Cold current (amps) (when applicable)

5. Rated voltage (when applicable)

6. Rated load (as described in section
14.2.2.a)

7. ASME BTH-1 Design Category

8. ASME BTH-1 Service Class

c. All repaired or modified structural and
mechanical lifters shall be provided with
identification displaying, but not limited to,
the following information:

1. name and address of the repairer or
modifier

2. repairers or modifiers unit
identification

3. lifter weight (if altered)

4. cold current (amps) (if altered)

5. rated voltage (if altered)

6. rated load (if altered) [as described in
section 14.2.2.a

7. ASME BTH-1 Design Category (if
altered)

8. ASME BTH-1 Service Class (if altered)

d. A rerated lifting device shall be relabeled
with the new rated capacity.

e. Cases may exist where a lifting device
cannot be marked with its rated capacity and
weight. This may be due to the security
classification of the load to be lifted or other
reasons approved by the responsible
manager. In these cases, the lifting device
shall be marked with an identification
number, and its documentation shall
describe both its rated capacity and weight.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

14-3 Chapter 14
14.2.3 MODIFICATION/RERATING

a. Structural and mechanical lifting devices
may be modified or rerated if the changes
are analyzed by a qualified engineer or the
manufacturer of the lifting device.

b. Rerated or modified lift fixtures shall be
load-tested as described in Section 14.2.6.2,
Rated Load Test, below.

14.2.4 GUARDING

Exposed moving parts or pinch points, such as
gearing, chain drives, and rotating shafts, that
may be a hazard to personnel during lifting
operations shall be guarded.

14.2.5 INSPECTIONS

14.2.5.1 Initial Inspection

Prior to their initial use, a qualified inspector
shall inspect all new, modified, or repaired lifting
devices to ensure compliance with Section
14.2.5.3, Periodic Inspection.

14.2.5.2 Frequent Inspection

a. The operator or other designated person
shall visually inspect each lifting device at
the beginning of each shift or prior to use, if
it has not been in regular service, for the
following items or conditions (records are
not required):

1. Structural deformation, cracks, or
excessive wear on any part.

2. Loose or missing guards, fasteners,
covers, stops, or nameplates.

3. All operating mechanisms and
automatic hold-and-release mechanisms
for maladjustments interfering with
operation.

b. The operator or designated person shall
carefully examine any deficiencies and
determine whether they constitute a hazard.
Deficiencies noted during the inspection
shall be corrected before the lifting device is
used.

14.2.5.3 Periodic Inspection

a. A qualified inspector shall perform a
complete inspection at the following
intervals:

1. Normal service yearly. Inspect
equipment at site of use.

2. Heavy service semiannually. Inspect
equipment at site of use unless external
conditions indicate that disassembly
should be done to permit detailed
inspection.

3. Severe service quarterly. Inspect
inspection.

4. Special or infrequent service as
recommended by a qualified person
before the first such use and as directed
by the qualified person for any
subsequent uses.

b. Lifting device service is defined as follows:

1. Normal operation with various
weights within the rated load limit, or
uniform loads less than 65 percent of
rated load.

2. Heavy operation within the rated load
limit that exceeds normal service.

3. Severe operation at normal or heavy
service under abnormal operating
conditions.

c. This inspection shall include the items listed
in Section 14.2.5.2, Frequent Inspection,
in addition to the following:

1. Loose bolts or fasteners.

2. Check for suspect/counterfeit parts (see
Terminology and Definitions, Chapter
1).

3. Cracked or worn gears, pulleys,
sheaves, sprockets, bearings, chains,
and belts.

4. Excessive wear of friction pads,
linkages, and other mechanical parts.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-4

5. Excessive wear at hoist-attaching points
and load-support shackles or pins.

6. External evidence of damage to motors
or controls.

d. A qualified inspector shall inspect fixtures
not in regular use according to periodic
inspection requirements before placing them
in service.

e. Dated reports of each periodic inspection
shall be prepared. They shall be kept on file
and shall be readily available. A sample
load test and inspection form is included as
Exhibit I at the end of this section. This
form is intended to be a sample only and is
not intended to be mandatory.

14.2.6 TESTING

14.2.6.1 Operational Test

a. Modified or repaired lifting devices shall be
tested before initial use to ensure
compliance with the requirements of this
section (test reports kept on file). Testing
shall include the following:

1. Lifting devices with moving parts shall
be tested to confirm that the lifting
device operates in accordance with
manufacturers instructions.

2. Lifting devices with manually operated or
automatic latches shall be tested to verify
that the latches operate in accordance with

14.2.6.2 Rated Load Test

a. All new, altered, modified, or repaired
lifting devices shall be tested and inspected
before use. The results of the test and
inspection shall be documented in the
equipment history file.

b. The rated capacity shall not be more than 80
percent of the maximum load sustained
during the test. Test loads shall not be more
than 125 percent of the rated capacity unless
otherwise recommended by the
manufacturer. Test weights shall be
accurate to within -5 percent, +0 percent of
stipulated values.

c. The rated load test shall consist of the
following:

1. Hoist the test load a sufficient distance
to ensure that it is supported by the
lifting device, or apply the required load
if the test is made using a testing
machine. Personnel shall remain clear
of suspended loads.

2. Visually inspect the lifting device for
deformation, cracks, or other defects
after the load test is completed.

14.2.7 MAINTENANCE

a. A preventive maintenance program shall be
established based upon manufacturers
recommendations. If equipment
maintenance procedures deviate from
published manufacturer's recommendations,
the alternate procedures shall be approved in
advance by the manufacturer or another
qualified person and be kept readily
available.

b. Replacement parts shall be equivalent to the
original specifications.

14.2.8 TRAINING/QUALIFICATION

a. Below-the-hook lifting device operators
shall be trained and qualified as required in
Chapter 6, Personnel Qualification and
Training. At a minimum, instruction
should include the following:

1. Application of the lifting device to the
load and adjustments to the device, if
any, that adapt it to various sizes or
kinds of loads.

2. Any special operations or precautions.

3. Condition of the load itself required for
operation of the lifting device such as
balance, degree of order of stacked
loads, surface cleanliness, bending, and
load thickness.

4. Procedure for storage of lifting device
to protect it from damage.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

14-5 Chapter 14

Reprinted from ASME B30.20-2006 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

Figure 14-1. Load-supporting lifting devices


Figure 14-2. Friction-type pressure gripping lifting devices.

Bar Tong
Vertical Axis Coil Grab
Motor-driven roll grab, end grip
Roll grab, core grip
Lifting beam (spreader beam)
Balanced pallet
Telescoping coil grab
Coil lifting hook beam
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-6


Figure 14-3. Indentation-type gripping lifting device

Figure 14-4. Typical cask lift fixture

DOE-STD-1090-2007

14-7 Chapter 14


Figure 14-5. Metal-plate clamps.
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-8

5. Instructions for not exceeding the rated
capacity of the lifting device or the
capacity of the hoisting equipment by
the combined weight of the load, the
lifting device, and the rigging.

b. Operators shall demonstrate the ability and
competence to operate the lifting device as
instructed before assuming responsibility for
using it.

14.2.9 OPERATION

a. Only the following personnel shall operate
structural and mechanical lifting devices:

1. Qualified operators or riggers.

2. Trainees under the direct supervision of
a qualified operator.

3. Maintenance and test personnel, when it
is necessary in the performance of their
duties.

4. Inspectors of lifting devices.

b. The following shall apply to all personnel
who operate structural and mechanical
lifting devices:

1. Observe the condition of the lifting
device before use and during operation.
If you observe a defect that affects the
continued safe use of the lifting device,
remove it from service.

2. Place any attached load on the floor or
ground and, after use, properly store the
lifting device before leaving.

3. Before they are used on each shift, test
the lifting device controls. If any
controls do not operate properly, adjust
or repair them before operations begin.

4. Do not load the lifting device in excess
of its rated capacity (except for test
loads) or handle any load for which it is
not designed.

5. Apply the lifting device to the load in
accordance with established procedures.

6. Before lifting, ensure that lifting-device
ropes or chains are not kinked and
multiple-part lines are not interwoven.

7. Ensure that the load is correctly
distributed for the lifting device being
used.

8. Do not use the lifting device for side
pulls or sliding the load unless
specifically authorized by a qualified
person or by an approved procedure.

9. Do not use a lifting device that is tagged
Danger Do Not Operate or
otherwise designated as nonfunctional.

10. Do not remove Danger Do Not
Operate tags from lifting devices
without the approval of the person who
placed them or an authorized person.

11. Store the lifting device in a dry, inside
location when not in use.

12. Ensure that markings or tags are not
removed or defaced. Replace missing
or defaced markings or tags.

14.2.10 CRITICAL LIFTS

See Chapter 2, Critical Lifts, for critical lift
requirements.

a. Structural and mechanical lifting devices for
critical-lift service shall have an initial
proof-load test of not less than 125 percent
of its rated capacity or as specified by the
design standard to which it was built. If
proof-testing cannot be verified, the lifting
device shall be proof-tested before being
used to make a critical lift.
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.3 VACUUM LIFTING DEVICES

14-9 Chapter 14
Typical power-operated and mechanically
operated vacuum lifting and manipulating
devices are shown in Figures 14-5 and 14-6.
This section does not cover devices used to
handle porous materials, which requires special
design and construction.


Power- and mechanically-operated vacuum
lifting devices shall be designed and fabricated
according to the provisions of ASME B30.20,
20-2.2.2.

14.3.2 MARKING

a. The rated capacity, maximum width and
length, and minimum thickness of load shall
be marked on the main structure where it is
visible and legible.

b. Individual pads or groups of pads, controlled
by shutoff valves, shall be marked with the
rated capacity of each pad or group of pads.

c. At a minimum, a nameplate, name tag, or
other permanent marker shall be affixed to
each lifter displaying the following data:

1. Manufacturers name.

2. Model number or unit identification.

3. Weight of lifting-device.

4. Electric power (when applicable).

5. Pressure and volume of compressed air
(when applicable).

6. Rated capacity.

d. Manual shutoff valves on individual pads or
groups of pads shall be marked to show
operating position.

e. Cases may exist where a lifting device
number, and its documentation shall contain
both its rated capacity and weight.

f. A label or labels shall be affixed t each
vacuum lifting device in a readable position
that displays the word WARNING or
other legend designed to bring the label to
the attention of the operator. The label shall
also contain information cautioning against:

1. Exceeding the rated capacity or lifting
loads not specified in the
manufacturers instruction manual.

2. Operating a damaged or malfunctioning
unit or a unit with missing parts.

3. Operating when vacuum indicators
show insufficient vacuum.

4. Operating the unit when vacuum pads
are not spaced for equal loading.

5. Incorrect positioning of the lifting
device on the load.

6. Lifting people.

7. Moving loads above people.

8. Removing/obscuring warning labels.

9. Operating the lifting device when the
rated capacity, lifting-device weight, or
safety markings are missing (except in
cases where the device cannot, for
security or other reasons, be marked).

10. Making alterations or modifications to
the lifting device.

11. Lifting loads higher than necessary and
leaving suspended loads unattended.

g. A label shall be affixed to each unit that
directs the user to consult the manufacturers
manual if the size or shape of the unit
prohibits the inclusion of the above
markings.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-10


Figure 14-5. Powered vacuum lifting devices.


Figure 14-6. Mechanical vacuum lifting devices.
Four-pad powered vacuum lifting device
Four-pad powered vacuum lifting
device manipulat or
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.3 VACUUM LIFTING DEVICES

14-11 Chapter 14
14.3.3 INSTALLATION

a. Vacuum lifting devices shall be assembled
and installed in accordance with the

b. The power supply to the vacuum lifting
device shall be the same as that shown on
the nameplate and shall be connected to the
line side of the crane disconnect or to an
independent circuit.

c. The user shall check for correct rotation of
all pumps.

14.3.4 INSPECTIONS


shall inspect all new or repaired vacuum lifting
devices to ensure their compliance with Section


shall inspect each vacuum lifting device at
the beginning of each shift or prior to use, if
it has not been in regular service.

b. The inspection shall be for the following
(records are not required):

1. Deformation, cracks, and excessive
wear of load-bearing parts.

2. Adequate vacuum generator output.

3. Cuts, tears, excessive wear, and foreign
particles at vacuum pad seal rings.

4. Leakage, cuts, kinks, and collapsed
areas of vacuum lines/connections.

5. Leaks or damage to the vacuum
reservoir.

6. Failure of the entire vacuum system to
function properly by attaching a non-
porous, clean test plate to the vacuum
pads and then stopping the vacuum
source. Vacuum levels in the system
shall not decrease by more than the
manufacturers specified rate.


complete inspection at the following
intervals:

1. Normal service yearly. Inspect
equipment at site of use.

2. Heavy service semiannually. Inspect
inspection.

3. Severe service quarterly. Inspect
inspection.

recommended by a qualified person
before the first use and as directed by
the qualified person for any subsequent
occurrences.


rated load.


3. Severe operation under normal or
heavy service with abnormal operating
conditions.

c. This inspection shall include those
conditions or items specified in Section
14.3.4.2, Frequent Inspection, in addition
to the following:

1. External evidence of looseness, wear,
deformation, cracking, or corrosion.
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-12

2. External evidence of damage to
supporting structure, motors, controls,
and other auxiliary components.

1).

4. Presence of warning label required by
Section 14.3.2, Marking.

d. A qualified inspector shall inspect fixtures
not in regular use according to periodic
inspection requirements before placing them
in service.

e. Dated inspection reports shall be prepared
for each inspection. Inspection records shall
be kept on file and shall be readily available.

14.3.5 TESTING


a. All new, reinstalled, modified, or repaired
vacuum lifting fixtures shall be tested prior
to use. Tests shall be performed by a
qualified inspector or under the direction of
that inspector to ensure compliance with the
requirements of this section. Dated reports
shall be dept on file.

b. Testing shall include the following:

1. Seals and connections shall be tested for
leaks by attaching a nonporous, clean
test plate to the vacuum pads and then
stopping the vacuum source. Vacuum
level in the system shall not decrease by
more than the rate specified by the
manufacturer.

2. Test indicator lights, gauges, horns,
bells, pointers, or other warning devices
and vacuum level indicators for proper
operation.


a. All new, reinstalled, repaired, or modified
vacuum lifting devices shall be tested and
inspected before use. Tests and inspections
shall be performed by a qualified inspector
or under the direction of that inspector. Test
and inspection results shall be documented
and kept on file.

b. The rated capacity shall not be more than 80
percent of the maximum load sustained
during the test. Test loads shall not be more
than 125 percent of the rated capacity unless
otherwise recommended by the
manufacturer. Test weights shall be
accurate to within -5 percent, +0 percent of
stipulated values.

c. The rated load test shall consist of the
following steps at a minimum:

1. Attach pads to the designated test load.

2. Raise the test load a minimum distance
to ensure that it is supported by the
vacuum lifting device, and hold it for 2
minutes.

3. Remain clear of the suspended load.

4. Lower and release the load.

5. Visually inspect the vacuum lifting
device for defects, and correct any
deficiencies prior to returning the
device to service.

14.3.6 MAINTENANCE

established and be based on
recommendations made by the vacuum
lifting device manufacturer or a qualified
person.


c. The vacuum generator, vacuum pads,
sealing rings, mufflers, and filters shall be
maintained and cleaned according to the
manufacturers specifications.

14.3.7 TRAINING/
QUALIFICATION

a. Vacuum lifting device operators shall be
trained and qualified as specified in Chapter
6, Personnel Qualification and Training.
At a minimum, instruction shall include the
following (as applicable):

DOE-STD-1090-2007
14-13 Chapter 14
load and adjustments of the device, if
kinds of loads.


load thickness.



6. Charging of the battery (if required).

7. The purpose of indicators, meters, or
alarms on the vacuum lifting device.

8. The proper attachment of adaptors to
vacuum lifting devices for handling of
special loads.

b. Users shall demonstrate the ability and
using it.

14.3.8 OPERATION

a. Only the following personnel shall operate
vacuum lifting devices:

1. Qualified operators or riggers.

a qualified operator.

duties.


who operate vacuum lifting devices:

1. Before starting the lift, verify that the
vacuum on indicator has reached the
required level. Also, verify that the
vacuum lifting device has been
correctly applied and a stable vacuum
level exists by lifting the load a few
inches and observing conditions.

2. Observe the condition of the lifting
device before use and during operation.
If you observe a defect that affects the
continued safe use of the lifting device,
remove it from service.

lifting device before leaving.

4. Before they are used on a shift, test the
lifting device controls. If any do not
operate properly, adjust or repair them
before operations begin.

of its rated capacity (except for test
loads) or handle any load for which it is
not designed.


ropes or chains are not kinked and

used.

person or by an approved procedure.

10. Warn all personnel in the vicinity of the
lifting device and place the load on the
floor or ground, if possible to do so, if
electrical power goes off while a load is
being lifted.

11. Do not leave your position at the
controls.

12. Do not use a lifting device that is tagged
Danger Do Not Operate or
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-14

13. Do not remove Danger Do not
Operate tags from lifting devices
without the approval of the person who
placed them or an authorized person.


15. Ensure that markings or tags are not
removed or defaced. Replace missing
or defaced markings or tags.


requirements.

a. Vacuum lifting devices for critical-lift
service shall have an initial proof-load test
of not more than 125 percent of its rated
capacity. If proof-testing cannot be verified,
the lifting device shall be proof-tested before
being used to make a critical lift.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.4 MAGNETS, CLOSE-PROXIMITY-OPERATED

14-15 Chapter 14
Close-proximity-operated magnetic lifting
devices are used for single- or multiple-steel-
piece handling operations in which the operator
of the magnet is required to manually guide the
load during its movement. They are also used in
situations where remotely operated magnets are
operated close to people. Typical close-
proximity-operated magnetic lifting devices are
shown in Figure 14-7.


Close-proximity-operated magnetic lifting
devices shall be designed and fabricated in
accordance with the provisions of ASME
B30.20, 20-3.2.2 and 20-3.2.3.

14.4.2 MARKING

a. At a minimum, a nameplate, name tag, or
other permanent marker shall be affixed to
each lifting magnet, and shall display the
following data:

1. Manufacturers name, or if the magnet
has been repaired or modified, the name
and address of the repairer/modifier.

2. Model or unit identification.

3. Weight.

4. Duty cycle, if applicable.

5. Cold current.

6. Rated capacity.

b. Also, battery-powered and external-powered
lifting electromagnets and electrically
controlled permanent-magnet lifting
magnets shall be marked with:

1. The voltage of the battery or primary
power supply.

2. The cold current or watts at 68 degrees
F (20 degrees C) and rated voltage.

c. Cases may exist where a lifting device

d. A label or labels shall be affixed to each
lifting magnet in a readable position that
displays the word CAUTION or other
legend designed to bring the label to the
attention of the operator. The label shall
also contain information cautioning against:

1. Operating when the battery capacity is
inadequate.

2. Exceeding magnet duty cycle and
disconnecting the magnet with the
power on (for externally powered
electromagnets).

3. Operating if the internal control
function indicator, where applicable,
does not indicate a complete cycle (on
electrically controlled permanent
magnets).

4. Operating with the control handle not
fully in the Lift position (on manually
controlled permanent magnets).

DOE-STD-1090-2007
Chapter 14 14-16


Figure 14-7. Close-proximity-operated magnetic lifting devices.

Close-proximity-operated
lifting electromagnet
electrically controlled
permanent magnet
manually controlled
permanent magnet
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14-17 Chapter 14
14.4.2.1 Rated Load (Capacity)

a. General-application magnets shall include
the rated load (capacity) of the magnet on
the lifting magnet or on a tag attached to it.
This capacity rating shall refer to the
instruction manual for information relating
to decreases in rating due to the load surface
condition, thickness, percentage of contact
with magnet, temperature, metallurgical
composition, and deflection.

b. Specified-application magnets shall include
the application load (capacity) of the magnet
on the lifting magnet or on a tag attached to
it. This capacity rating shall refer to the
specific loads for which it applies.

14.4.2.2 Controls

The position of the control switch or handle of a
lifting magnet shall be marked with Lift,
Off, and Drop, or equivalent terms
indicating the mode of operation of the lifting
magnet.

14.4.3 INSTALLATION

a. Close-proximity-operated magnetic lifting
devices shall be installed according to the
manufacturers recommendations.

b. Users shall ensure that:

1. External power input is the correct
voltage and amperage.

2. Power conductors and controls are of
adequate rating and are insulated or
otherwise protected against accidental
interruption or damage.

14.4.4 INSPECTIONS


magnets to ensure compliance with Section


shall visually inspect each magnetic lifting
device at the beginning of each shift or prior
to use, if it has not been in regular service.


1. Lifting magnet face for freedom from
foreign materials and for smoothness.

2. Lifting bail or sling suspension for
proper condition.

3. Control handle for proper condition and
operation.

4. Current indicator, where applicable, for
proper condition and operation.

5. Labels, markings, and indicators or
meters for legibility.

6. Electrical conductors, if applicable, for
loose connections, continuity,
corrosion, and damage to insulation.

7. Battery for correct electrolyte level and
lack of corrosion of battery posts or
connectors, if applicable.


complete inspection with the equipment in
place at the following intervals:

1. Normal service yearly.

2. Heavy service yearly.

3. Severe service quarterly.

b. Lifting device service is defined as:

rated load.


conditions.

DOE-STD-1090-2007
Chapter 14 14-18

c. This inspection shall include those items
specified in Section 14.4.4.2, Frequent
Inspection, in addition to the following:

1. Deformation, wear, and corrosion of all
members, fasteners, locks, switches,
warning labels, and lifting parts.

1).

3. Operation and condition of electrical
components (i.e., meters, indicators, and
alarms).

4. Magnet coil tested for ohmic/ground
readings and readings compared to
manufacturers standards.

d. A qualified inspector shall inspect a lifting
magnet that has been idle for 1 month or
more according to periodic inspection
requirements before placing it in service.

e. Dated inspection reports shall be prepared

14.4.5 TESTING


a. All new, modified, or repaired lifting
magnets shall be tested prior to their initial
use. Tests shall be performed by a qualified
inspector or under the direction of that
inspector. Dated reports shall be kept on
file.


1. A check to ensure that the lifting
magnet contains no visible defects.

2. A check for proper operation of all
electrical protective equipment, meters,
indicators, alarms, etc.


magnets shall be tested and inspected before
initial use. Tests and inspections shall be
performed by a qualified inspector or under
the direction of that inspector. Test and
inspection results shall be documented and
kept on file.

b. General-application magnets are required to
satisfy the rated breakaway-force test. The
breakaway force measured in this test must
exceed the rated load (capacity) by a factor
of at least 2.

c. Specified-application magnets are required
to comply with the application breakaway-
force test. The breakaway forces measured
in this test must exceed the specified
application load (capacity) by a factor of at
least 2.

d. The rated breakaway-force test shall
establish the breakaway force required to
vertically remove the lifting magnet from a
low-carbon rolled-steel plate of the
minimum thickness stated by the magnet
manufacturer. The portion of this plate in
contact with the magnet shall have a 125-
in. (3.2 x 10
-3
mm) finish and be flat within
0.002 in./ft (0.05 mm/m), but not exceeding
0.005 in. (0.127 mm) total. The full
operating face of the lifting magnet shall be
in contact with the steel plate, which shall be
between 60 degrees F (15 degrees C).
Battery-operated electromagnets and
external-powered lifting electromagnets
shall be operated at the manufacturers
recommended current.

e. The application breakaway-force test shall
establish the application breakaway forces
of the lifting magnet under the variety of
loading conditions for which the magnet is
specified. The details of this test should be
supplied by the manufacturer of the lifting
magnet.

14.4.6 MAINTENANCE

established and be based on
recommendations made by the manufacturer
or a qualified person.


c. Before adjustment and repairs are started on
a lifting magnet or its controls, maintenance
personnel shall take the following
precautions:
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14-19 Chapter 14

1. Ensure that all sources of magnet power
are disconnected and locked out, tagged
out, or flagged.

2. Ensure that a magnet removed for repair
is tagged as defective.

d. Only qualified personnel shall work on
equipment when adjustments and tests are
required.

e. After adjustments and repairs have been
made, the lifting magnet shall not be
returned to service until it has been
inspected according to Section 14.4.4.3.

f. Dated records of repairs and replacements
shall be available.

g. Maintenance personnel shall ensure that any
defective condition disclosed by the
inspection is corrected before operation of
the lifting magnet is resumed. Repairs shall
be done only by designated persons.

14.4.7 TRAINING/
QUALIFICATION

a. Magnetic lifting device operators shall be
trained and qualified as specified in Chapter
6, Personnel Qualification and Training.
At a minimum, instruction shall include the
following:

kinds of loads.


load thickness.



6. Charging of the lifting magnet battery
(if required).

alarms on the lifting magnet.

lifting magnets for handling of special
loads.

using it.

14.4.8 OPERATION

a. Only the following qualified personnel shall
operate lifting devices:

1. Designated persons.

a designated person.

duties.


b. The following shall apply to personnel who
use close-proximity-operated magnets:

lifting device before leaving it.

2. Before they are used during a shift, test
all controls. If any do not operate
properly, adjust or repair them before
operations begin.

of its rated capacity or handle any load
for which it is not designed.


ropes or chains are not kinked and that

DOE-STD-1090-2007
Chapter 14 14-20

used.

7. Ensure that the temperature of the load
does not exceed the maximum
allowable limits of the lifting device.

person.

9. Keep the lifting magnet face and the
magnet contact area clean.

10. Ensure that the load to be lifted is
within the magnets rated capacity or
application capacity and lifting
equipment rated capacity.

11. Observe all meters and indicators on the
lifting magnet to confirm proper
operation prior to making a lift.

12. Before starting the lift, lift the load a
few inches to establish that it is securely
attached to the magnet.

13. Do not use a lifting magnet that is
tagged Danger Do Not Operate or

Operate tags from magnetic lifting
devices without the approval of the
person who placed them or an
authorized person.


14.4.8.1 External-Powered
Electromagnets

Before raising the load more than 2 in (50 mm),
ensure that any adjustable input control is
switched to the FULL POWER or FULL
ON position and remains in this position until
the load is removed from the magnet.

14.4.8.2 Battery-Operated
Electromagnets

a. Before lifting, confirm that the device
indicating correct current flow remains
stable for a minimum of 5 seconds.

b. For a lift of extended duration, observe the
device indicating correct current flow every
5 minutes.

c. Open the ventilation lid before charging the
battery.

d. Before raising the load more than 2 inches
(50 mm), ensure that nay adjustable input
control is switched to the FULL POWER
or FULL ON position and remains in this
position until the load is removed.

14.4.8.3 Electrically Controlled
Permanent Magnets.

Before raising the load, check the internal
control function indicator, where applicable, to
confirm proper operation of the lifting magnet.

14.4.8.4 Manually Controlled Permanent
Magnets

Before raising the load, confirm that the control
handle is in the LIFT or ON position and the
control handle latch is operating.


Se Chapter 2, Critical Lifts, for critical lift
requirements.

a. General-application magnets are required to
satisfy the rated breakaway-force test. The
breakaway force measured in this test must
exceed 200 percent of the rated load. If the
rated breakaway-force test cannot be
verified, the lifting device shall be required
to satisfy the rated breakaway-force test
before being used to make a critical lift.

b. Specified-application magnets are required
to satisfy the rated breakaway-force test.
The breakaway force measured in this test
must exceed 200 percent of the rated load.
If the rated breakaway-force test cannot be
verified, the lifting device shall be required
to satisfy the rated breakaway-force test
before being used to make a critical lift.
DOE-STD-1090-2007

14.5 MAGNETS, REMOTE-OPERATED

14-21 Chapter 14
Typical remote-operated magnetic lifting devices
are shown in Figure 14-8.


Remote-operated magnetic lifting devices shall
be designed and fabricated in accordance with
the provisions of ASME B30.20, 20-4.2.2.

14.5.2 MARKING

a. At a minimum, all new lifting magnets shall
be provided with a nameplate, mane tag, or
other permanent marker displaying the
following information.

1. Manufacturers name and address, or if
the magnet has been repaired or
modified, the name and address of the
repairer/modifier.

2. Manufacturers model or unit
identification.

3. Weight.

4. Duty cycle, if applicable.

5. Cold current.

b. Cases may exist where a lifting device
classification of the load to be lifted, or
other reasons approved by the responsible

14.5.3 INSTALLATION

a. Remote-operated magnets shall be installed
according to the manufacturers
recommendations.

b. Operators shall ensure that:

1. External power input is of the correct
voltage and amperage.

2. Power conductors and controls are of
adequate rating and are insulated or
otherwise protected against accidental
interruption or damage.

14.5.4 INSPECTIONS


magnets to ensure compliance with Section


a. The operator or other designated personnel
shall visually inspect each magnetic lifting
device at the beginning of each shift or prior
to use, if it has not been in regular service.


1. Lifting magnet face for smoothness or
presence of foreign materials, if
applicable.

2. Magnet suspension system.

3. All visible electrical conductors
(without disassembly).


complete inspection of the lifting device
with the equipment in place at the following
intervals:

1. Normal service yearly.

2. Heavy Service quarterly.

3. Severe service quarterly.

authorized by a qualified person before
the first use and as directed by the
qualified for any subsequent
occurrences.

DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-22


Figure 14-8. Remote-operated magnetic lifting devices.
DOE-STD-1090-2007
14-23 Chapter 14


rated load.


conditions.

c. This inspection shall include those items
specified in Section 14.5.4.2, Frequent
Inspection, in addition to the following:

1. Deformation, wear, and corrosion of all
members, fasteners, and lifting parts.

1).

3. Proper operation and condition of
electrical components.

4. Magnetic coil tested for ohmic/ground
readings and compared to
manufacturers standards.

d. Dated inspection reports shall be prepared

14.5.5 TESTING


magnets shall be tested prior to initial use.
Tests shall be performed by a qualified
inspector or under the direction of that
inspector. Dated reports shall be kept on
file.


1. A check for proper operation of all
electrical equipment.

2. A visual inspection of the lifting magnet
for visible defects.

14.5.6 MAINTENANCE

established and be based on the
recommendations of the manufacturer or a
qualified person.

b. Replacement parts shall be equivalent to

c. Before maintenance is started on a lifting
magnet or controls, maintenance personnel
shall take the following precautions:

1. Ensure that all sources of magnet power
are disconnected and locked out, tagged
out, or flagged.

2. Ensure that a magnet removed for repair
is tagged as defective.

d. Only qualified personnel shall work on
equipment when maintenance and test are
required.

e. After repairs have been made, the lifting
magnet shall not be returned to service until
it has been inspected according to Section
14.5.4.3.

f. Dated records of repairs and replacements
shall be available.

g. Any defective condition disclosed by the
inspection shall be corrected before the
lifting magnet is returned to service.

14.5.7 TRAINING/
QUALIFICATION

a. Operators shall be trained and qualified as
specific in Chapter 6, Personnel
Qualification and Training. At a minimum,
instruction shall include the following:

kinds of loads.


operation of the lifting device, such as
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-24

load thickness.

4. Procedure for storage of the lifting
device to protect it from damage.


6. Charging of the lifting magnet battery
(if required).

alarms on the lifting magnet.

lifting magnets for handling of special
loads.

using it.

14.5.8 OPERATION

a. Only the following qualified personnel shall
operate lifting devices:

1. Designated persons.

a designated person.

duties.


who operate remote-operated magnets:

lifting device before leaving it.

2. Before they are used during a shift, test
all controls. If any do not operate
properly, adjust or repair them before
operations begin.

of its rated capacity or handle any load
for which it is not designed.


ropes or chains are not kinked and that

used.

7. Ensure that the temperature of the load
does not exceed the maximum
allowable limits of the lifting device.

person.

9. Do not use a lifting magnet that is
tagged Danger Do Not Operate or

Operate tags without the approval of
the person who placed them or an
authorized person.

11. Store the lifting device in a designated


requirements.

a. Remote-operated magnets for critical-lift
service shall have been tested for proper
operation of all electrical equipment and a
visual inspection of the lifting device for
defects. If testing and inspection cannot be
verified, the lifting device shall be tested and
inspected before being used to make a
critical lift.
DOE-STD-1090-2007
14-25 Chapter 14

Exhibit I is intended to be a sample form only.
The equipment manufacturers inspection/testing
criteria supercede any other criteria.
In cases where the equipment manufacturer does not include
inspection/testing criteria, other forms developed to facilitate
required inspection/testing are acceptable.
DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-26

INTENTIONALLY BLANK
DOE-STD-1090-2007
14-27 Chapter 14
EXHIBIT I
(SAMPLE FORM)

LIFTING BARS AND SPREADERS LOAD TEST

INSPECTOR:________________________________ INSPECTION DATE:_______________

NOTES: 1. Proof-test to not more than 125 percent f rated capacity for critical lift service. The test load
shall be accurate to within 5%, +0% of stipulated values.

2. Qualified inspector shall witness all steps below.

INSPECTION

Lifting bars and spreaders shall be checked for signs of incipient failure in bending and shall be replaced if
permanently bent more than inch in 10 feet, or twisted more than 5 degrees out of the original plan.
Hook attachment welds shall be examined for cracks and signs of failure in tension.

Qualified inspector shall perform test by visual examination, liquid-penetrant examination, or magnetic-
particle examination.

Acceptance: No cracks, linear indication, laps, or seams.

STATIC TEST: Hold weight for 10 minutes and visually inspect for deformation.

Type________________________________________ Size __________________________________

Rated Capacity (SWL) _________________________lb Actual Load Test _______________________lb

Serial Number ________________________________

Qualified Inspector Verify (Load Test) ______________________________________________________

Remarks ______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

DOE-STD-1090-2007

Chapter 14 14-28

INTENTIONALLY BLANK

Below-Hook Lifting Devices Standards

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