PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN

MARCOS
Universidad del Per, Decana de Amrica

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
GEOLOGICA GEOGRAFICA MINAS Y
METALURGICA

Primer Trabajo de Prospeccin Geofsica

CURSO

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

PROFESOR

ING. ERNESTO DEZA

ALUMNO

:
BALVIN MONTALVO YENNER
FRANZ

CODIGO

06160062

CICLO

2014-I
Mayo del 2014

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

PRCTICA N1 GEOFSICA APLICADA

1. Calcular la frecuencia angular si el periodo de oscilacin es de 0.025 segundos,
determine adems la longitud de onda, si la velocidad de propagacin es de 2000
m/seg.
Datos:
= ?
=?
T= 0.025 s
v = 2000 m/s < > 2x105 cm/s
Resolucin:
Frecuencia angular:

=251.327rad/s
Longitud de onda:
=vxT
= 2x105 cm/s x 0.025s
= 5000cm
2. Determine el mdulo de elasticidad para una roca cuya densidad es de 3.00 g/cc y
sus velocidades Vp y Vs son de 3600 y 1950 m/seg respectivamente.
Datos:
E=?
= 3.00 g/cm3
Vp = 3600 m/s
Vs = 1950 m/s
Resolucin:

De

Se obtiene

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

v (mdulo de poisson) = 0.292

Se obtiene E = Vs2 (2(1+))

De

E = (195000cm/s)2 x 2 x (3.00g/cm3) x (1+0.292)

E = 2.948x1011g/cm.s2
3. Las oscilaciones armnicas simples se definen por:
U1= A cos (250t+0.2)
U2= B sen (250t-0.3)
Determine la ecuacin de la onda superpuesta y efecte las graficas de las tres
funciones (coeficientes A=1 y B=2).
Datos:
U1 = 1cos (250t+0.2)
U2 = 2sen (250t-0.3)
Resolucin:
Se convierte la ecuacin de onda U1 en funcin seno:
U1 = cos (250t+0.2) = sen (/2-(250t+0.2)) = sen (-(250t-1.37))
U1 = -sen (250t-1.37)
Entonces, dadas dos ecuaciones de onda de la forma:
U1 = -sen (250t-1.37)
U2 = 2sen (250t-0.3)
La ecuacin de la onda superpuesta ser:

Donde:
y

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

=1

Por lo tanto:
Ur = 1 sen (250t +0.76962)
Tabla de las Ondas U1, U2 y U
t
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
15
15.5
16
16.5
17
17.5
18
18.5
19

U1
0.98006658
0.89440101
0.42899874
-0.21854395
-0.77329922
-0.99973409
-0.80171087
-0.26330449
0.38689333
0.87282748
0.98818441
0.68398692
0.08938844
-0.54316178
-0.94510127
-0.9457782
-0.54490515
0.08731881
0.68246974
0.98786382
0.8738396
0.38880845
-0.26129949
-0.80046724
-0.99977984
-0.77461493
-0.22057101
0.42712096
0.89346977
0.98047725
0.65120254
0.04544614
-0.57960538
-0.95857327
-0.93055878
-0.50745604
0.13109781
0.71399133
0.99374486

t
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
15
15.5
16
16.5
17
17.5
18
18.5
19

U2
-0.59104041
-1.64262297
-1.99679549
-1.5031866
-0.37136831
0.91812219
1.81780465
1.94570002
1.24750763
0.01965971
-1.21653515
-1.9362245
-1.83384912
-0.95287463
0.33266277
1.47696121
1.99418479
1.66473539
0.62848766
-0.67459769
-1.69126844
-1.9898757
-1.44363949
-0.28447586
0.99546797
1.85276499
1.92343177
1.17746525
-0.06841885
-1.28525428
-1.95640805
-1.79692775
-0.87452408
0.41917714
1.5349079
1.99896132
1.61431379
0.54427547
-0.75684642

t
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
15
15.5
16
16.5
17
17.5
18
18.5
19

Ur
0.69586669
0.10572191
-0.52930932
-0.93961118
-0.9509814
-0.55859253
0.07095853
0.67038265
0.98518175
0.88170128
0.40387604
-0.24542325
-0.79052295
-0.99998955
-0.78488961
-0.23654832
0.41222452
0.88597879
0.98357218
0.66356938
0.06183427
-0.56615387
-0.95376951
-0.9364423
-0.52152887
0.11481059
0.7024048
0.99177832
0.86007155
0.36320337
-0.28787042
-0.81672279
-0.99881836
-0.75684465
-0.19353666
0.45194137
0.90553822
0.97466982
0.6299849

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GRFICO N 1

GRFICO N 2

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

GRFICO N3

4. Determine el ngulo de incidencia critica, si el ngulo de incidencia es de 25 la V P

para el estrato superior es de 2200m/seg. y la V S para el estrato inferior es de
1445m/seg. ( = 0.25)
Datos:
>i = 25
Vp = 2200m/s < > 220000cm/s
Vs = 1445m/s < > 144500cm/s
= 0.25
>Ic = ?
Resolucin:
Se obtiene el valor de Vp en el estrato inferior (Vp1) donde Vs es igual a 144500cm/s:

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

Luego se aplica la Ley de Snell (>r = 90):

61.523

5. Calcule y grafique el desplazamiento (x), la velocidad (v) y la aceleracin (a) de la

partcula que se desplaza bajo la siguiente ecuacin: U=1sen (t) y (t=hasta 2seg.;
T=0.05seg.)
Resolucin:

Velocidad angular
= 2/T
= 2/0.05
= 125.66 rad/seg.

Desplazamiento (x):
x = U = 1sen (125.66t)

Velocidad (v):
v = dx/dt = d (sen (wt))/dt = w cos (wt)
= w sen (/2-wt) = -w sen (wt - /2)
v = -125.66 sen (125.66t - /2)
v = -125.66 (125.66t - 1.57)

Aceleracin (a):

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

a = d2x/dt2 = -w2 sen (wt) = -(125.66)2 sen (125.66t)

a = -15791.367 Sen (125.66t)
GRFICAS:
Desplazamiento (x) x = U = 1sen (125.66t)
Velocidad (v) v = -125.66 sen (125.66t - 1.57)
Aceleracin (a) a = -15791.367 sen (125.66t)

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA
t (s)
0
0.0125
0.025
0.0375
0.05
0.0625
0.075
0.0875
0.1
0.1125
0.125
0.1375
0.15
0.1625
0.175
0.1875
0.2
0.2125
0.225
0.2375
0.25
0.2625
0.275
0.2875
0.3
0.3125
0.325
0.3375
0.35
0.3625
0.375
0.3875
0.4
0.4125
0.425
0.4375
0.45
0.4625
0.475
0.4875
0.5

u (m)
0.0000000
1.0000000
0.0000927
-1.0000000
-0.0001853
1.0000000
0.0002780
-0.9999999
-0.0003706
0.9999999
0.0004633
-0.9999999
-0.0005559
0.9999998
0.0006486
-0.9999998
-0.0007412
0.9999997
0.0008339
-0.9999996
-0.0009265
0.9999995
0.0010192
-0.9999994
-0.0011118
0.9999993
0.0012045
-0.9999992
-0.0012971
0.9999991
0.0013898
-0.9999990
-0.0014825
0.9999988
0.0015751
-0.9999987
-0.0016678
0.9999985
0.0017604
-0.9999984
-0.0018531

v (m/ s)
-125.66
-0.005821425
125.6599995
0.017464275
-125.6599978
-0.029107125
125.6599951
0.040749975
-125.6599914
-0.052392824
125.6599865
0.064035673
-125.6599806
-0.075678521
125.6599736
0.087321369
-125.6599655
-0.098964216
125.6599563
0.110607062
-125.6599461
-0.122249907
125.6599347
0.133892751
-125.6599223
-0.145535594
125.6599088
0.157178435
-125.6598943
-0.168821276
125.6598786
0.180464114
-125.6598619
-0.192106952
125.6598441
0.203749787
-125.6598252
-0.215392621
125.6598053
0.227035453
-125.6597842

a (m/ s2)
0
-15791.367
-1.46312684
15791.3668
2.92625366
-15791.3666
-4.38938046
15791.3662
5.85250723
-15791.3656
-7.31563394
15791.3649
8.77876059
-15791.3641
-10.2418872
15791.3632
11.7050137
-15791.3621
-13.16814
15791.3609
14.6312663
-15791.3595
-16.0943925
15791.358
17.5575185
-15791.3564
-19.0206443
15791.3546
20.48377
-15791.3527
-21.9468955
15791.3507
23.4100209
-15791.3485
-24.873146
15791.3462
26.3362709
-15791.3438
-27.7993956
15791.3412
29.2625201

GRFICO N 1

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

GRFICO N 2

GRFICO N3

10

PROSPECCIN GEOFSICA

11