Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
We found that one possible equation for the leakage having characteristics
mentioned on previous slide could be a gamma distribution function multiplied by a
constant A, to give the total escape from present to infinity. Including offset time
the equation can be written:
0
0 t >
The mean of the distribution is and the spread of the distribution can be
characterised by the standard deviation
The dependence of A on the offset time can be defined by formula
Above equation is not unique. It can provide offset time before
leakage, total cumulative leakage and leakage rates, but there may be
other functions which can give the same information and results.
0
t = +
=
0
0
t
A Ae
=
19
Representation of the distribution function for
different parameters
0
0
1
0
0
( , , ) ( )
( )
t t
t
A e
f t t t e
Curves represented in the right picture have been obtained for different t
,
and
is set to 2000 years and A
0
= 0.5
,
is considered suitable for the leakage without
hysteresis
0
0 t >
0
0
( )
t
A t A e
=
0
20
40
60
2000 4000 6000 8000
Year
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e
l
e
a
k
a
g
e
No Hysteresis
0
20
40
60
2000 4000 6000 8000
Ti me, year
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e
l
e
a
k
a
g
e
,
%
f
r
o
m
t
o
t
a
l
C
O
2
i
n
j
e
c
t
e
d
1 Bl ock Shal es
2 Bl ock Shal es
3 Bl ock Shal es
4 Bl ock Shal es
5 Bl ock Shal es
20
Summary and conclusions
It has been developed a conceptual model of leakage through a percolating
network of permeable bodies in the overburden. Some caprock well logs
indicate that the mechanisms studied in this work are relevant for CO
2
storage.
It has been developed a simulation model for study of this leakage
mechanism, and examined sensitivity to parameters variation.
It has shown that the calculated leakage rates may be approximated by
simplified expressions. This would allow a Monte Carlo simulation of storage
quality and determine cumulative leakage rates for a large collection of
storage sites.
The results will be useful for input into calculations of climate effects of non-
perfect storage. This will in turn be used to determine the requirements for
storage quality.
21
This publication forms a part of the BIGCO2 project, performed
under the strategic Norwegian research program Climit.
The authors acknowledge the partners: StatoilHydro, GE Global
Research, Statkraft, Aker Kvrner, Shell, TOTAL, ConocoPhillips,
ALSTOM, the Research Council of Norway (178004/I30 and
176059/I30) and Gassnova (182070) for their support.
Thank You for Attention!
Questions?...
Acknowledgements