Citation Guide For Business Sources (APA 6th Ed

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Citation Guide for Business Sources (APA 6th ed.)

The Publication Manual of the APA (6th edition) includes scant information about how to cite document types
common to business; in some cases there are different ways to interpret how to cite a specific item. The
manual does state that when it offers no examples for the type of document to be cited, then you should find
the closest example and use it to build your citation, which is what we have done with this guide (see p. 193,
para.2 for more information on this rule).
The important thing is to be consistent in the way you cite documents, and include information necessary for
locating and identifying your source. If in doubt, ask a librarian, or contact your instructor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Formatting
General Notes
In-Text Citations
Reference List
Online Sources - Retrieval
Statements
Same Author, Multiple Publications
Tables
Figures

Annual Reports
Website
SEDAR/EDGAR

Press Releases
Ipsos News Centre

Filings
SEDAR/EDGAR

Data
CANSIM - CHASS
Ipsos News Centre Poll
Print Measurement Bureau
ThomsonOne.com Investment
Banking
UNdata
World Development Indicators
Company and Country
Information
Business Source Complete
Mint Global
IBISWorld
NetAdvantage
ORBIS
Passport GMID
Websites

Further Assistance
Other APA Business Guides

Formatting
For in-depth APA paper and citation formatting (books, articles, websites etc...) see Citation Guide: APA
Guide.
General notes
APA requires that the entire paper be double-spaced, including all the lines in the reference list. Number all
pages consecutively, beginning with the title page, in Arabic numerals (e.g., 4, not IV) in the upper right-hand
This guide is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed., and
gives citation examples for various sources commonly used in business. All page and section numbers
refer to this manual.

SFU also offers general APA and MLA style guides.
5/12/2014 Citation Guide for Business Sources (APA 6th ed.) | SFU Library
corner (Rule 8.03, p. 230).
You need to cite and document any sources that you have consulted, even if you presented the ideas from
these sources in your own words. You need to cite to identify other people's ideas and information used within
your essay and to inform the reader of your paper where they should look if they want to find the same
sources.
A citation must appear in two places in your essay: in the body of your text ("in-text citations") and in the
reference list (at the end of your paper).

In-text citations
Capitalize all major words in titles within the body of the paper (Rule 4.15, p.101). E.g.
According to the Nielsen Global Consumer Confidence Survey of 2010 [...]
In the book Business Ethics as Rational Choice, Hooker claims that [...]
Note: In reference lists, capitalize only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, and proper nouns.
When quoting from print sources or online articles, give the author, year, and page number in parentheses
(Rule 6.03, pp.170 - 171). For example:
According to Marketline (2010),..."direct_quotation" (p. 34).
"Direct_quotation"... (Acer, Inc., 2010, p. 17).
When paraphrasing from a source, or when referring to an idea contained in another work, you are
encouraged to provide a page number (Rule 6.04 p. 171). If there is no date of publication, use the
abbreviation (n.d.). List two or more works by different authors who are cited within the same parentheses in
alphabetical order by the first author's surname or group/organization name, e.g. (Bureau van Dijk, 2010;
Datamonitor, 2009; Simpson, 2010) (Rule 6.16 p. 177).
It is acceptable to abbreviate long names in the second and following in-text references. Just be sure to give
the reader enough information to be able to match the in text reference to the citation in the reference list.
Many electronic sources do not provide page numbers. In this case, use paragraph numbers preceded by the
abbreviation 'para.' (Rule 6.05 pp. 171-172). If a source contains neither page nor paragraph numbers, cite
the heading (shorten the heading if it is long) (Rule 6.05 pp. 171-172).

Reference list
The list of sources at the end of the paper (bibliography) is called the reference list in APA. The reference list
must include all references cited in the text of your paper.
Authors can be individuals or groups/organizations (e.g., Google, inc. or Euromonitor International).
Order of references in the reference list is alphabetical, by the name of the group, or the last name of an
individual author (Rule 6.25, p. 181) For an individual author's first name use only initials: 'Smith, J.', not
'Smith, Jennifer'.
If you have multiple publications by one author from different years order them earliest to latest: Smith, J.
(1999) ... Smith, J. (2003).
If there is no author available, use the title as the author in alphabetical order.
If there is no date of publication, use the abbreviation (n.d.).
Second and subsequent lines of each entry are indented 5-7 spaces. Double-space between all lines of your
work, including references.
When citing books, reports, and most other items except periodicals (magazine and journal articles), capitalize
only the first word of the title and of the subtitle (i.e. the first word after a colon or a dash) and proper nouns
(Rule 6.29, p. 185).

Online sources - retrieval statements
APA's guidelines for citing online sources recommend using digital object identifiers (DOIs), available on items
such as e-books and journal articles. To find a DOI a helpful tool is crossref.org's DOI Lookup.
However, many common business sources do not have DOIs. This is especially true when you are using
material found in databases like Business Source Complete (full text from thousands of sources). For these
databases that bring together material published elsewhere you would use the publisher's URL. In many
databases like Business Source Complete you will find the publisher's URL at the bottom of the 'publication
details' or 'source' page for the article, industry report, etc... that you have chosen to use.
Marketline. (April 2012). Wine in Brazil. Retrieved from http://www.marketline.com
Wineries and Wine-Making Industry (NAICS 31213). (2011) World Industry & Market Outlook Report, 28-
29. Retrieved from http://www.barnesreports.com/
If you are getting information from a database that collects information that is unique or has limited circulation,
like the Print Management Bureau, then you would use the database's URL instead and your retrieval
statement would look like this:
Kantar Media. (2010). Popcorn # packages/bowls ate in past 30 days. Retrieved from http://www.pmb.ca
For more information, see section 6.32, pp. 189 - 192 and the APA Style Blog DOI & URL Flowchart.

Same author, multiple publications in one year
When citing two or more sources with the same author and year, order them by date of publication if
applicable, with the earliest month first. If there is only a publication year or the dates are the same, order
them by title alphabetically. In both cases, assign a letter -- a, b, c, and so on to the citation, right after the
year, inside the parentheses. This will allow you to specify which one you are citing in text. See rule 6.25, p.
182 for more information.
In-text citation:
In 2007 e-commerce accounted for a small percentage of sales, but was significant in the sales of books,
travel and music (Euromonitor International, 2008a).
According to Euromonitor International (2008b), Egypt's recession had ended by 2004.
Reference list:
Euromonitor International. (2008a, May 27). Shopping for pleasure: The development of shopping as a
leisure pursuit. Retrieved from http://www.euromonitor.com/
Euromonitor International. (2008b, December 17). Consumer lifestyles in Egypt. Retrieved
from http://www.euromonitor.com/

Tables
You should put the table # and a description of its contents above the table, and the Note and its
contents below the table. (Purdue OWL: APA Format -Tables) If the table is copied exactly from a source, use
the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have altered the table.
Reproduced from a single source
The following example is for a table you have reproduced in your paper exactly as it appears in another
source. (Same format or state, no reconfiguration or new analysis).
In a Note below the table you need to include: Reprinted from Title of Work, by Author. Retrieved from ... Date
of Copyright by Copyright Holder.
This work must have a full bibliographic entry in your Reference List even though the information in the
Note field uses a lot of the same information.
Example:
Comments: An example of a table reprinted from Print Management Bureau. Number the table(s), placing the
word "Table" and the number above the title. The table and note below should appear in a relevant place in
your paper, and include text referring to the table by its number- ". . .as shown in Table 1, less than 40% of
the households surveyed stated they regularly consume hot sauce..."

Compiled from a variety of sources
If, however, you have compiled data from a variety of different sources and put it together to form your own
table, you still need to cite where you got the information from.
All sources that have been used to create the table's data need to be cited in a Note below the table.
You do not need to give the full bibliographic citation - Author (date) is sufficient
But all of these sources should have a full entry in the Reference List - if you have multiple publications by
the same author in the same year please follow the guidelines in this section.
When using multi-source data you want to describe what data is coming from where. e.g.: Note. Data for
hot sauce consumption in the United States from Kantar Media (2010), for
Canada from Statistics Canada (2011), and for Britain from Euromonitor
International (2010b).
If you have multiple kinds of data (population figures, consumer information, etc...) in one table you would
describe each set of data. e.g.: Note. Population figures for XYZ from Author (date)
and for ABC from Author (date). Data for pet ownership for XYZ from Author
(date) and for ABC from Author (date).
Example:

Figures
According to the APA, figures include: maps, graphs, charts, drawings, and photographs, in printed or
electronic resources.
The Figure #, name, and any citation information is placed below the figure. (Purdue OWL: APA Format -
Figures)
Reproduced from a single source
The following example is for citing a figure that you have reprinted directly from another source. (Same format
or state, no reconfiguration or new analysis)
Example:
Figure 1. Graph of the Sales of Luxury Accessories by Category: Value 2007-2012. Reprinted
from Luxury Goods in the United States, by Euromonitor International, January 8 2013, retrieved
from http://www.euromonitor.com/ Copyright 2013 by Euromonitor International.
Comments: Include the word Figure and the figure number before the citation and start with a brief description
of the figure. This is the figure# as it would appear, numbered consecutively in your paper - not the figure#
assigned to it in its original resource.
If your assignment is going to be published in a journal or as thesis, then before you reproduce any image in
your paper it may be necessary to get copyright permission to do so from the original copyright holder and
place the wording Reprinted with permission at the end of your citation.

Compiled from a variety of sources
The following example is for citing a figure that you have created by compiling information from a variety of
sources. For example, if you combined data from Passport GMID, Statistics Canada, and a book to create a
new chart.
All sources that have been used to create the figure need to be cited in the figure caption - after its number
and name below the figure.
You do not need to give the full bibliographic citation in the figure's caption - Author (date) is sufficient
But every source you list in the caption must have a full bibliographic entry in the Reference List - if you have
multiple publications by the same author in the same year please follow the guidelines in this section.
When using multi-source data you likely want to describe what data is coming from where. e.g.: Figure 1.
Sale of luxury goods in the United States, Canada, and Britain by value 2009-
2012. Data for the United States from Euromonitor (2013), for Canada from
Statistics Canada (2012), and for Britain from Kurtzman (2013).
Example:

Annual reports
Company websites
In-Text
(Acer, Inc., 2009, p.87)
Reference List
Acer, Inc. (2009). Annual report. Retrieved from http://www.acer
group.com/public/Investor_Relations/pdf/2009AnnualReport_English.pdf
Comments: Provide the direct URL of the annual report because it is part of a large organizationally created
website. See SFU's APA citation guide - websites for more information on this rule. There is no period after the
URL. Do not insert a hyphen when breaking a long URL.
SEDAR/EDGAR
In-Text
First citation: (Canadian National Railway [CNR], 2009, p.48)
Subsequent citations: (CNR, 2009, pp.50-51)
Reference List
Canadian National Railway. (2009). Annual report: Ready for the recovery. Retrieved from
http://www.sedar.com
Comments: Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case SEDAR). Do not provide the direct
URL to the report. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. There is
no period after the URL.

Press releases
Ipsos News Centre
In-Text
(Franco, 2010)
Reference List
Franco, J. (2010, November 11). Four in five adults say that being able to charge their devices wirelessly
would make life easier. Retrieved from http://www.ipsos-na.com/
Comments: Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Ipsos). Do not provide the direct URL
to the report, or the name of the database (Ipsos News Centre). See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval
Statements for more information on this rule. There is no period after the URL.

Filings
SEDAR/EDGAR
In-Text
(Google, Inc., 2010)
Reference List
Big Rock Brewery Income Trust. (2010, November 4). Quarterly report [MD&A]. Retrieved from
http://www.sedar.com
Google, Inc. (2010, October 29). Form 10-Q. Retrieved from http://www.sec.gov
Comments: Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case SEDAR or EDGAR). Do not provide
the direct URL to the report. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this
rule. There is no period after the URL.

Data
CANSIM - CHASS
There is no section in the APA guide about how cite Canadian statistical data. SFU has put together a guide
giving advice and examples for students wishing to cite statistical data in their papers. Citing guide for
Statistics Canada, PCensus, EStat, and CHASS data
In-text
(Statistics Canada, 2008)
Reference List
Statistics Canada. (2008, June 6) Table 326-0001 Consumer Price Index (CPI), 2001 Basket Content,
Monthly (table). CANSIM. Retrieved from CHASS http://dc.chass.utoronto.ca/cansimdim (accessed June
13, 2008).
Comments: Use this citation style when citing data from a table or elsewhere. Provide the URL of
the publisher home page (in this case CHASS). Do not provide the direct URL to the data. See Citing Online
Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. There is no period after the URL. Do not
insert a hyphen when breaking a long URL.
Reprinting a table from CANSIM - CHASS
Statistics Canada has a guide about how to site CANSIM tables here.
For data from CHASS the reference below the table is:
Note. Adapted from CANSIM Table 326-001, Consumer Price Index (CPI), 2001 Basket Content,
Monthly by Statistics Canada, 2008, retrieved from CHASS http://dc.chass.utoronto.ca/cansimdim
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from CHASS. If the table is copied
exactly from CHASS, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have altered the
table.
Note that the punctuation, and the order of title, author, etc., is different when citing a table from when citing
text. Provide the URL of the publisher/distributor's home page (in this case CHASS). Do not provide the direct
URL to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.
For more information about citing CANSIM data please see the CANSIM Citation Guide from Statistics Canada.
See Formatting Tables for more information.

Ipsos News Centre Poll
In-text
(Simpson, 2010)
Reference List
Simpson, S. (2010, November 1). Less than half (47%) of Canadians enjoy shopping for presents for the
holidays. Retrieved from: http://www.ipsos-na.com
Comments: Use this citation style when citing data from a table or elsewhere. Use the citation style below if you
are reprinting a table from this source in your work. Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this
case Ipsos). Do not provide the direct URL to the data.
See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.
Reprinting a Table from Ipsos News Centre
Reference below the table
Note. Adapted from Less than half (47%) of Canadians enjoy shopping for presents for the holidays, by
S. Simpson, November 1, 2010, retrieved from http://www.ipsos-na.com Copyright 2010 by Ipsos North
America.
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from Ipsos News Centre. If the
table is copied exactly from Ipsos, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have
altered the table. Note that the punctuation, and the order of title, author, etc., is different when citing a table
from when citing text. Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Ipsos). Do not provide the
direct URL to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this
rule. Include the copyright statement.

Print Measurement Bureau
In-text
(Kantar Media, 2010)
Reference List
Kantar Media. (2010). Popcorn # packages/bowls ate in past 30 days. Retrieved from http://www.pmb.ca
case Print Measurement Bureau). Do not provide the direct URL to the data. See Citing Online Sources:
Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.
Reprinting a table from the PMB
Note. Adapted from Popcorn # packages/bowls ate in past 30 days, by Kantar Media, retrieved
from http://www.pmb.ca Copyright 2010 by Print Management Bureau
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from Print Measurement Bureau
(PMB). If the table is copied exactly from PMB, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if
you have altered the table. Note that the punctuation, and the order of title, author, etc., is different when
citing a table from when citing text.
Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Print Management Bureau). Do not provide the
direct URL to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.
Include a copyright statement.

ThomsonOne.com Investment Banking
In-text
(Thomson Reuters, 2011)
Reference List
Thomson Reuters. (2011). Company earnings surprise: Starbucks Corporation. Retrieved
from http://www.thomsonreuters.com
case Thomson Reuters). Do not provide the direct URL to the data. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval
Statements for more information on this rule.
Reprinting a table from ThomsonOne.com Investment Banking
Note. Adapted from Company earnings surprise: Starbucks Corporation, retrieved
from http://www.thomsonreuters.com Copyright 2011 by Thomson Reuters
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from ThomsonOne. If the table is
copied exactly from ThomsonOne, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have
from when citing text.
Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Thomson Reuters). Do not provide the direct URL
to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. Include the
copyright statement.

UNdata
In-text
(World Tourism Organization, 2010)
Reference List
World Tourism Organization. (2010, August 11). Arrivals of non resident tourists/visitors, departures and
tourism expenditure in the country and in other countries. Retrieved from http://unstats.un.org
case United Nations Statistics Division). Do not provide the direct URL to the data. See Citing Online Sources:
Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. There is no period after the URL.
Reprinting a table from UNdata
Note. Adapted from Arrivals of non resident tourists/visitors, departures and tourism expenditure in the
country and in other countries, by the World Tourism Organization, 2010, August 11, retrieved from
http://unstats.un.org Copyright 2010 by the United Nations Statistics Division.
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from UNdata. If the table is copied
exactly, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have altered the table. Note that
the punctuation, and the order of title, author, etc., is different when citing a table from when citing text.
Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case the United Nations Statistics Division). Do not
provide the direct URL to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on
this rule. Include the copyright statement.

World Development Indicators
In-text
(World Bank Group, n.d.)
Reference List
World Bank Group. (n.d.) Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people). Retrieved from
http://www.worldbank.org/
are reprinting a table from this source in your work. n.d. (no date) is used in place of the date, as this item was
not dated. Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case the World Bank Group). Do not provide
the direct URL to the data. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this
rule. There is no period after the URL.
Reprinting a table from World Development Indicators
Note. Adapted from Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people), by World Bank Group, n.d., retrieved
from http://www.worldbank.org/ Copyright by the World Bank Group.
Comments: n.d. (no date) is in place of the date because this table was not dated. This reference goes
directly below a table reprinted or adapted from World Development Indicators. If the table is copied exactly,
use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have altered the table. Note that the
punctuation, and the order of title, author, etc., is different when citing a table from when citing text.
Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case World Bank Group). Do not provide the direct URL
to the table. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. Include the
copyright statement.

Company and country information
Business Source Complete
Marketline Report
In-text
(Marketline, 2012)
Reference list
Marketline (2012, May 18). Apple Inc. Retrieved from http://www.marketline.com
Comment: Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Marketline). Do not provide the direct
URL to the report, or the name of the database (Business Source Complete). See Citing Online Sources:
Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.
Journal article from BSC
In-text
(Brown and Getz, 267)
Reference list
Brown, G., and Getz, D. (2005). Linking wine preferences to the choice of wine tourism destinations.
Journal Of Travel Research, 43(3), 266-276. doi:10.1177/0047287504272027
Comments: For electronic versions based on a print source (such as PDF), include page numbers (6.32, p.
189).
The retrieval date is not required unless the source material is likely to change over time. Generally it is not
necessary to include information about which database it was retrieved from (6.32, p. 192).
When a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is available, include the DOI right after the volume/issue number using
the format: doi:xxxxxxx (6.32, p. 191). Can't find the DOI? DOI Lookup. If there is no DOI assigned, give the
URL of the journals home page in place of the DOI. You may need to do a quick web search to locate the
journal's website address if you found the article in a library database (e.g. Business Source Complete or
PsychInfo).There is no period at the end of the URL.
Many electronic sources do not provide page numbers. In this case, use paragraph numbers preceded by the
abbreviation 'para.' (Rule 6.05 pp. 171-172). If a source contains neither page nor paragraph numbers, cite
the heading (shorten the heading if it is long) (Rule 6.05 pp. 171-172).

Mint Global
In-Text
(Bureau van Dijk, 2010)
(Marketline, 2012, p.9)
Reference List - Marketline Reports
Marketline. (2012, September 01). Mobile phones in Asia-Pacific. Retrieved from
http://www.marketline.com
Reference List - Ratios
Bureau van Dijk. (2010, January 30). American Eagle Outfitters Inc. company report: Ratios. Retrieved
from https://mintglobal.bvdep.com
Reference List - Company Ownership Information
Bureau van Dijk. (2009, December 31). Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. company report:
Ownership tree. Retrieved from https://mintglobal.bvdep.com
Reference List - Company Financials
Bureau van Dijk. (2009, December 31). Canadian National Railway Company company report: Financials-
global standard format. Retrieved from https://mintglobal.bvdep.com

IBISWorld
In-text
(Kaczanowska, 2013, Demand Determinants)
Reference List
Kaczanowska, A. (2013, May). IBISWorld Industry Report 31212: Breweries in the US. Retrieved from
http://www.ibisworld.com
Comments: The author is the analyst who wrote the report, their name usually appears in the top right-hand
corner of the reports main page, beside the date it was published. If there is no author, the title is used
instead, see - Formatting References.
IBISWorld reports do not have page numbers, to cite either a direct quotation or a paraphrased section of the
report it is best to cite the heading (in this case - Demand Determinants) under which the information you are
quoting came from. See - formatting in-text citations for more information.
Because IBISWorld creates unique reports, your Retrieved from statement uses the URL of that
database. See Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule.

NetAdvantage
In-text
(Standard & Poor's, 2013)
(Cathers, 2013)
(Cathers, 2013, Media Tablets)
Reference List
Standard & Poor's. (2013, June 1). Apple Inc. Standard & Poor's Stock Report. Retrieved from
http://www.netadvantage.standardandpoors.com
Cathers, Dylan. (2012, October 25). Computers: Hardware. Standard & Poor's Industry Survey. Retrieved
from http://www.netadvantage.standardandpoors.com
Comments: In the reference example 'Standard & Poor's Stock Report' references the resource type - S&P
offers several more including Industry Survey and Subindustry Review which would be inserted into that
section of the reference when used.
S&P reports do not have page numbers; to cite a direct quotation or a paraphrased section of the report it is
best to cite the heading (in this case - Media Tablets) under which the information you are quoting came from.
See - formatting in-text citations for more information.
In regards to the Retrieved from statement see Citing Online Sources: Retrieval Statements for more
information on this rule.

ORBIS
In-text
(Bureau van Dijk, 2010)
(Marketline, 2012, p.9)
Reference List - Marketline Reports
Marketline. (2012, September 01). Mobile phones in Asia-Pacific. [industry profile] retrieved from
http://www.marketline.com
Reference List - Ratios
Bureau van Dijk. (2010, January 30). American Eagle Outfitters Inc. company report: Ratios. Retrieved
from https://orbis.bvdep.com
Reference List - Company Ownership Information
Bureau van Dijk. (2009, December 31). Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. company report:
Ownership tree. Retrieved from https://orbis.bvdep.com
Reference List - Company Financials
Bureau van Dijk. (2009, December 31). Canadian National Railway Company company report: Financials-
global standard format. Retrieved from https://orbis.bvdep.com

Passport GMID
In-text
(Euromonitor International, 2008, p. 16)
Reference list
Euromonitor International. (2008, December 17). Consumer lifestyles in Egypt. Retrieved from
http://www.euromonitor.com/
are reprinting a table from this source in your work. Include page number(s) when available.Provide the URL
of the publisher's home page (in this case Euromonitor International). Do not provide the direct URL to the
report, or the name/URL of the database (Passport GMID). There is no period after the URL.
If you have more than one citation with the same author and year, follow the directions under Same author,
multiple publications in one year.
Citing a table from Passport GMID
Note. Adapted from Consumer lifestyles in Egypt, by Euromonitor International, December 17, 2008, p.
16, retrieved from http://www.euromonitor.com/ Copyright 2008 by Euromonitor International.
Comments: This reference goes directly below a table reprinted or adapted from Passport GMID. If the table is
copied exactly from Passport GMID, use the term "reprinted" in place of "adapted". Use "adapted" if you have
from when citing text. Include a page number.
Provide the URL of the publisher's home page (in this case Euromonitor International). Do not provide the
direct URL to the table or the name/URL of the database (Passport GMID). See Citing Online Sources:
Retrieval Statements for more information on this rule. Include a copyright statement.

Websites
For more in-depth discussion about how to cite websites in APA style, please see the SFU APA Guide -
Websites.
In-text
(Wendy's Arby's Group, 2011)
Reference list
Wendys Arbys Group. (2011). Our Community. Retrieved from
http://www.wendysarbys.com/responsibility/our-community
Comments: Provide the direct URL of the website. There is no period after the URL. Do not insert a hyphen
when breaking a long URL.
Website - no date
In-text
(Island Water Treatment, n.d.)
Reference List
Island Water Treatment. (n.d.) Commercial products. Retrieved from
http://islandwatertreatment.com/comproducts.html
Comments: n.d. (no date) is in place of the date because this document was not dated. Provide the direct URL
of the website. There is no period after the URL. Do not insert a hyphen when breaking a long URL.

Further assistance
Here are a few links to other library web pages with examples of how to cite Business sources in APA style:
UBC: Business Citation Guide - APA Style
UNC Greensboro: Entrepreneurship Resources - Example Citations
BCIT: APA Style Guide for Business Sources
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Citation Guide For Business Sources (APA 6th Ed

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Citation Guide For Business Sources (APA 6th Ed

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5/12/2014 Citation Guide for Business Sources (APA 6th ed.

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