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Q. 1. Friendship with ņ-èπÿ-úøü¿’. Friends with Å-ØÌî√a ? Q. 1. What is the structure and meaning 4. If I want to improve my communi- 3. a) She is interested in tennis-
of following sentences? cation skill, what should I do? Here interested need not be
2. Date èπ◊ Dated èπ◊ ûËú≈ N´-Jç-îªçúÕ. àC áèπ◊\-´í¬ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L.
i) It appears to be some juice. - B. Venkata Rao, Talavaram taken as a part of the verb, but
3. She bought a blue long ribbon. DEo ÆæJîË-ߪ’úøç ᙫ? A. 1. i) It (sub) + appears (verb) + to as an adjective in the form of a
ii) He swallowed some tablets to
- M. Eswara Rao, M. Venkatapuram be relieved of it. be (infinitive) + some juice past participle. Interested is
A. 1. Friendship with ÅØÌa. ņ-èπÿ-úø-ü¿E áéπ\ú≈ ™‰üË. My friendship iii) Good books are still to be writ- (complement) almost always used as an
with him lasted twenty years = Åûª-úÕûÓ Ø√èπ◊ ÊÆo£æ«ç É®Ω¢Áj ten. ii) He (sub) + swallowed (verb) + adjective and not as a past par-
à∞¡Ÿxç-úÕçC. (Åûª-úÕûÓ Ø√ ÊÆo£æ«ç É®Ω-´-ßË’u∞¡Ÿx é̆-≤ƒ-TçC) 2. Which sentence is correct? Please some tablets (object) + to be ticiple forming part of a passive
explain about them. relieved (passive infinitive) + of verb. Still, the active form of the
Friends with èπÿú≈ correct.
A. i) Do you know where is she (prep) + it (obj of prep) sentence can be:
a) The minute he saw the neighbouring boy, he became
going? iii) Good books (sub) + are (verb) + Tennis interests her.
friends with him.
ii) Do you know where she is still (adverb) + to be written (pas-
b) In just a few days, he became friends with most of the b) His health worries us.
going? sive infinitive).
boys in the class= class Here too, Worried in the sen-
éÌCl ®ÓV-™xØË Åûªúø’ ™ î√™«- B. i) I know what is the reason? 2. A ii) is correct, because the sen-
tence, 'We are worried ...', wor-
´’ç-CûÓ ÊÆo£æ«ç î˨»úø’/ î√™«-´’çC ÊÆo£æ«ç §Òçü∆úø’. ii) I know what the reason is? tence is not a question and so
2. Date= û√Kê’/ ûËD. dated= °∂晫Ø√ û√K-ê’†/ ûËD†. This letter you can't have verb + subject ried is an adjective (like inter-
3. What are the Active Voice forma-
is dated 20th May = Ñ Öûªh®Ωç May 20 ´ û√K-ê’† ®√¨»®Ω’/ Ñ pattern. It is a statement and ested)
tions (sentences) of following sen-
Öûªh®Ωç ûËC, 20 May. tences? the subject she comes first c) Gandhi was born in 1869. Born
a) She is interested in tennis. and then the verb 'is going' is an intransitive verb (having
3. She bought a long blue ribbon- correct. Long, blue - ÉC
b) We are worried about his health. B ii) is correct for the same reason no object), so it has no passive
ÆæÈ®j† ´®ΩÆæ. voice.
c) Gandhi was born in 1869. as above.
Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ. 8. îª÷ÊÆh à´·çC? A. 1. He begged for food 9. I could swear that his shining black colour
couldn't be seen.
2. She developed a little conceit
1. ņoç °ôd-´’E é¬∞«x-¢Ë∞«x °æú≈fúø’. 9. ûª† Eí∫-Eí∫-™«úË -†-©x-®Ωçí∫’ éπE-°œÊÆh äô’d. 10. He was furious.
3. He just wanted the eating to be over/ to be
2. Ç¢Á’èπ◊ éÌçîÁç í∫®Ωyç-èπÿú≈ °æ¤ô’d-éÌ-*açC. 10. ¢√-úÕ éπúø’°æ¤ ´’çúÕ-§Ú-®·çC. 11. She fled and disappeared.
finished and get out as soon as possible.
3. á°æ¤p-úÁ-°æ¤púø’ A†úøç °æ‹®Ωh-´¤-ûª’çü∆, ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ü∆´÷ 11. °æ®Ω’-ÈíAh éπE-°œç-îª-èπ◊çú≈ ü¿÷®Ωçí¬ §ƒJ-§Ú-®·çC. 12. Since then God and Satan (the devil)
4. It isn't just enough to get painted, you have fallen out with each other.
ÅE Åûªúø’ ņ’-éÓ-≤ƒ-í¬úø’. 12. Å°æpöÀ †’ç* üÁߪ÷u-EéÀ, üË´¤úÕ °æúø-èπ◊çú≈ have to have it dried.
13. It's just enough if it gets a little dark.
5. But he wouldn't listen
4. ®Ωçí∫’ ¢Ë®·ç--éÓ-í¬ØË ÆæJ-§Úü¿’, ¶«í¬ Ç®Ω-¶„-ô’d- §Ú®·çC.
éÓ-¢√L. 14. This grass is not your property, is it?
13. éÌçîÁç <éπöÀ °æúÕûË î√©’. 6. He is enjoying himself/ He is absorbed in 15. The deer wouldn't be caught.
5. Å®·Ø√ ¢√úø’ Nçõ‰í¬. 14. Ñ °æ*aéπ F Å•s ≤Ò´÷t? his own affairs. 16. He hasn't been caught at all.
6. ¢√úÕ ´·îªa-ô™ ¢√úø’-Ø√oúø’. 15. >çéπ *éÀ\-ûËí¬! 7. It was almost over. He was drowned; he 17. He had to agree/ He could not help
7. ÉçÍé-´·çC? ¢√úø’ ü∆çöx ´·E-T-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’, 16. ¢√úø’ *éπ\ØË ™‰ü¿’. had a hell of trouble to get out; he strug- agreeing/ He could not but agree.
•ßª’-ôèπ◊ ®√´-ú≈-EéÀ Ø√Ø√ ûªçö«©’ °æú≈fúø’. T©- gled a lot. Finally, somehow, he managed °j ¢√é¬u-©-EoçöÀ Ææçü¿®Ωs¥ç ûÁLÆœ†°æ¤púË ¢√öÀéÀ Ææ®Ω-
17. ¢√úø’ îª*a-†ô’d ä°æ¤p-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.
T™« éÌô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’. Çê-®Ω’èπ◊ àüÓ äéπ-™«í¬ to jump out of the well. ®·† English expressions îÁ°æp-í∫©ç. Ææçü¿-®√s¥-Eo-
¶«N™ †’ç* áTJ •ßª’ô °æú≈fúø’. - M. Surendra Reddy, Mallaram 8. What was there to see? •öÀd ´÷ô© Å®Ωl¥ç Öçô’çC éπü∆?
shall,
´·çüÁjØ√/ üËE ûª®√y--ûÁj-Ø√ ¢√úø-´îª’a. Å®·ûË Åûªúø’ fail Åߪ÷u-†E ä°æ¤p-èπ◊- The tree is bare = îÁô’d Çèπ◊™‰xéπ ¢Á÷úø’í¬ ÖçC.
that he had failed =
should, will, should, can, could, may, might,
ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœí∫’_-°æ-ú≈fúø’. The ground is bare of grass or tress = Ç ØË©- O’ü¿
must
ûª®√yûª not
ÖØ√o ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ 1st form of
3. Bare = †í∫o-¢Á’i† = naked. Å®·ûË bare •ôd- áéπ\ú≈ °æ*a-éπ-í¬F îÁô’x-í¬F ™‰´¤.
the verb
¢√úøû√ç. Do, does, did
ûª®√y-ûª not
´ÊÆh ©ûÓ éπ°æpE ¨¡K®Ω ¶µ«í¬-©èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç, Bare arms = Çî√a¥-ü¿-†-™‰E -îË-ûª’©’
Q. 1.I have not received any information from 1st form
´Ææ’hçC. Have to, has to, had to naked à •ôd©÷ ¢ËÆæ’-éÓE ´uéÀhE ´Jgç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Bare walls stood where once there had been a
you as yet. Ñ ¢√éπuç™ not ûª®√yûª ûª®√yûª not
™‰†-°æ¤púø’ 1st form of the verb ¢√úøû√ç. building = äéπ-°æ¤púø’ éπôdúøç Ö†o Ç îÓô ¢Á·çúÕ-
receive ÅE Öçú≈L éπü∆. ´Ææ ’hçC. She stood naked on the beach = Ç¢Á’ †í∫oçí¬ íÓ-úø©’ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ÖØ√o®·.ÉD bareèπ◊, naked èπÿ ûËú≈
2. i) ashamed of, ii) ashamed for, 2. Ashamed of, ashamed to + 1st RDW ´÷vûª¢Ë’ E©-•-úÕçC. 4. go - slow = °æE Å®·-≠dç æ í¬ Eü∆-†çí¬ îËߪ’-úøç–
Ashamed for ™‰ü¿’. She walked barefooted / She walked in bare
iii) ashamed to do ü¿ßª’-îËÆ œ Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-©ûÓ
¢√úøû √ç. Ææ¢Á’tèπ◊ •ü¿’©’.
N´-Jç-îªçúÕ. He was ashamed of his behaviour. feet (part of the body). The workers are on go - slow = é¬Jt-èπ◊©’ °æEE
3. Bare, naked Ñ È®çúø’ °æü∆-©†’ àC áéπ\úø Ééπ\ úø ashamed of ûª ®√yûª now (behaviour) He had just a loin cloth on. The body waste Eü∆-†çí¬ îËÆæ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. ûª´’ E®Ω-Ææ†/ Å®·-≠dû æ ª ´uéπhç-îË-
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√™ ûÁ-©°æçúÕ. ®√´úøç í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. upward and his legs were bare = ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊.
4. Go slow Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ù-ûÓ-§ƒô’ Å®Ωnç îÁ°æpçúÕ. Ashamed of ûª®√yûª 'ing' form èπÿ-ú≈ ®√-´-a. e.g. †úø’-´·èπ◊ ´÷vûªç àüÓ í∫’úøf--ô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’, †úø’-´·-°j†, The government is going slow on the matter =
–K. Malyadri Reddy, Guntur She was ashamed of getting up so late. é¬∞¡x-O’ü¿ •ôd-™‰x´¤.
Ashamed to ûª®√yûª, Ist RDW ´Ææ’hçC. Åçõ‰ àüÁjØ√ ¢Á÷úø’í¬ Ö†o ü∆Eo bare Åçö«ç.
v°æ¶µº’ûªyç Ç N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Åçûª Öû√q£æ«ç éπ†-•-®Ω-îªôç
A. äéπ N≠æߪ’ç é¬ü¿’/ ™‰ü¿’ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ not üËE ™‰ü¿’. àüÓ Eü∆-†çí¬ îË≤ÚhçC.
Infinitive ´Ææ’hçC.He was ashamed to adjust
Sambhav: These fruits aren't any good. Why Sambhav: This cousin of yours, Gowrav, I
did you buy them at all? agree is really good. Any one will
(Ñ °æçúËxç ¶«í¬-™‰´¤. †’´y-Ææ-™„ç-ü¿’-éÌ\- take to him at first sight.
Ø√o´¤ ¢√öÀE?) (O’ Ñ cousin, íı®Ω¢˛ Eïçí¬ ´’ç*-
Vaibhav: The season is almost over. Good ¢√úË. ØËØÌ-°æ¤p-éÌç-ô’Ø√o. á´È®jØ√ îª÷úø-í¬ØË
fruits are hard to come by. Åûª-úøçõ‰ É≠æd-°æ-úø-û√®Ω’)
(Ñ °æçúøx-鬩ç ü∆ü∆°æ¤ Å®·-§Ú-´-*açC. Vaibhav: You are right.
´’ç* °æçúø’x üÌ®Ω-éπúøç éπ≠dçæ í¬ ÖçC) Sambhav: OK. I have made some tea. What
Sambhav: We could have done without them, about the putting the cups out?
couldn't we? No fruit is better than (ÆæÍ®x. ؈’ öà î˨»†’. Cups •ßª’-ôèπ◊
bad fruit.
a) He made all that fuss over a few rupees = a) Talk to him of cricket and he just goes on
B≤ƒh¢√?)
(ÅN ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ ¶«í∫’çúËC éπü∆? îÁúÕ-§Ú- Vaibhav: Why not? (ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈) Ç é¬Ææh úø•’sèπ◊ Åçûª ®√ü∆l¥çûªç î˨»-úø-ûªúø’ like that for hours = cricket
Åûª-úÕûÓ í∫’Jç*
®·† °æçúø’x AØË-éπçõ‰ ÅÆæ©’ A†-èπ◊çú≈ Ñ lesson ™ ´’†ç daily life situations ™ b) If I don't get back home before 9, there'll ´÷ö«xúø’. ÅçûË. Ééπ í∫çô© ûª®Ω-•úÕ ÅüË-°æEí¬
Öçúøôç ¢Ë’©’ éπü∆?) ¢√úË/ NØË spoken English expressions ûÁ©’-Ææ’- be a lot of fuss = 9 ™°æ© ØËE©’x îË®Ω-éπ-§ÚûË ´÷ö«x-úø’ûª÷ Öçö«úø’.
Vaibhav: Don't go on like that. Eat them or èπ◊çü∆ç; OöÀE ûª®Ωîª÷ ¢√úøü∆ç. Å°æ¤púø’ ´’† b) He goes on like that, viewing the TV.
°ü¿l ®√ü∆l¥çûªç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC.
leave them. English, conversational ease (Ææ綵«-≠æù« There's no stopping him= TV
make a fuss of = v§ƒ´·-êuç-™‰E N≠æ-ߪ÷-©-O’ü¿ Åûª-úø™«
(Å™« ´÷ö«xúøôç Ç°æ¤. Açõ‰ A†’, ≤˘©¶µºuç)ûÓ î√™« Ææ£æ«ïçí¬, simple í¬ Öçô’çC. ÅA v¨¡ü¿l¥ îª÷°æúøç. îª÷Ææ÷h ÖçúÕ-§Ú-û√úø’. Åûª-úÕE Ç°æ-úø-´’çô÷
Now look at these expressions.
a) Don't make a fuss of your dog now. Mind
™‰èπ◊çõ‰ ™‰ü¿’) Öçúøü¿’.
Sambhav: All to the good then. I won't have 1) Hard to come by = üÌ®Ω-éπúøç éπ≠dç
your guests first = F èπ◊éπ\†’ í∫’Jç* Åçûª 5) All to the good = ÅD ´’ç*üË. (ïJ-ÍíC/ ïJ-
æ.
them and I shan't fall ill. a) Honest politicians are hard to come by = Çü¿’®√l °æúø-éÀ-°æ¤púø’. ´·çü¿’ ÅA-ü∑¿’-©†’ ÆæJí¬ TçC ´’†ç ņ’-èπ◊-†oC é¬éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√, ÅD ´’†
(Å®·ûË ÆæÍ®. ؈’ ¢√öÀE A††’ ï•’s Eñ«-ߪ’-B-í∫© ®√ï-éÃ- Çü¿Jç. ´’ç*Íé ņ-úøç)/ ÅD ´’† ´’ç*Íé/ Å™« Å´-úøç
°æúø†’) ߪ’-Ø√-ߪ’-èπ◊©’ üÌ®Ω- b) Mom, stop fussing,
èπÿú≈ äéπç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´’ç*-ü¿-®·çC.
Vaibhav: Yea. You're right. I shouldn't have éπúøç éπ≠dçæ / ®√ï- a) He missed the train but it was all to the
about me. I'll be all
bought them. I was on my way back
home when I saw these fruits. I
éÃߪ÷™x Eñ«-ߪ’-B-í∫-
©-¢√∞¡Ÿx Å®Ω’ü¿’. -Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 463 right in a day or two
good because it had an accident =
train
Åûªúø’
Åçü¿’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç ´’ç*üË Å®·çC. Ç
bought them without train accident
èπ◊
Octave)
7. •A-´÷-LØ√ °æöÀdç--éÓ-™‰ü¿’. (éÓúÕ-°œ-©x-™«xçöÀ ¢√öÀE) ™„éπ\-°-öÀd-†ô’x.
6) Savagery/ Onslaught on the dalits/ atroci-
8. A†o ÉçöÀ ¢√≤ƒ©’ ™„éπ\-°-õ‰d-¢√úø’. 2) Curse me if even one opened their mouth
ties on the dalits
9. Ææçví¬-´’-Ææ÷p¥Jh. = Damned be the one that opened their
mouth. 7) á´®Ω÷ •A-´÷-LØ√ ÅØËC îÁ°æp-™‰ü¿’.His/ my/
her etc appeals/ pleas fell on deaf ears/
10. •ü¿l-éπç™ £æ…®·, Çîª-®Ω-ùèπ◊ ØÓ-éÓE Ç™-îª-
Q. éÀçC-¢√-öÀE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ à´’-Ø√™ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. †©’ á†oúø÷ Ö†o-AéÀ ûÓúøp-úø´¤. 3) Lascivious (©Æ‘-N-ߪ’Æˇ= 鬴÷ç-üµ¿’-úÁj† Åçõ‰ He was deaf to our pleas/ appeals.
- K.Nagaraju, Gabbeta
鬴’çûÓ éπ∞¡Ÿx ´‚Ææ’-èπ◊-§Ú-®·† ÅE ®√éπ-§Ú-´îª’a
8) Biting the hand that feeds =
1. í¬L™ °œôd†’ îª÷Æœ ´’≤ƒ™« †÷J-†ô’x. ņoç °öÀd†
é¬E 鬴’ç áèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçúË ÅE Å®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC)
2. à äéπ\®Ω÷ ØÓ®Ω’ ¢Á’C-°œûË äô’d. (Warangal dist.)
land lord. îË-ûª’-©ØË éÌ®Ω-éπ-úøç. (A†o ÉçöÀ ... Ñ Ø√†’-úÕéÀ
3. 鬴÷ç-üµ¿’-úÁj† ߪ’ï-´÷E. A. O’®Ω’ ®√Æœ-†¢√-ô-Eoç-öÀéà English ™ ´’éÃ\éÀ 4) ÆæÈ®j†proverb English Everything
™ ™‰ü¿’. ÆæÈ®j-†-CüË)
4. ©í∫oç Æœü¿l¥ç. ¢Á·í∫’-úø’-°-∞«}©’ üÌJ-éÀûË N°∂æ’oç ´’éÃ\í¬ Å®Ωnç ´îËa ¢√é¬u©’ Öçúø´¤. ü∆ü∆°æ¤ ÅüË but the bride and the groom is set the 9) The spirit of combat/ fighting spirit
wedding 10) One can never prosper if they find ease
™‰èπ◊çú≈ N¢√£æ«ç ≤ƒüµ¿uç. Å®Ωnç ´îËa ¢√é¬u©’ éÌEoç-öÀEÆæ’hØ√oç.
1) Counting the eggs before they are in laziness, and if their thoughts are not
5. Ææ°æh-Ææy-®√© °æ©-éπ-Jçûª, £æ«%ü¿-ߪ÷© °æ¤©-éπ-Jçûª. 5) The melody/ the harmony of the musical
hatched = translated into actions.
notes thrilling the heart.
6. ü¿R-ûª’-©Â°j ü¿´’-†-é¬çúø. í∫’úøx†’ §Òü¿-éπ\-´·çüË °æèπ~◊-©†’ (Ææ°æhÆæy®√©’=
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 464 é¬F/ Å´¤†÷/ Éçûªéà ... ®√èπ◊çú≈) É™«çöÀ expressions î√™«ØË ÖØ√o®·,
E•ç-üµ¿† áéπ\ú≈ ´·çü¿’, ´’Í®ç/ ÅC ÆæÍ®-
£æ«-®Ωù©’ ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’. ™‰ü¿’.
a) Can you tell me when he left? é¬F ¢Ë© °æü∆©’ ´÷vûªç ™‰´¤.
b) When he left is still a 4) Clause Åçõ‰ A
mystery.
Q. 1) In an old lesson you gave a) On a January evening= On the Q. 1) Interrogative sentences wh forms
™ helping verb
ÖØ√o, Q. 1. Abbreviations †’ small letters ™
time sequence of a sentence... evening of one of the 31 days Who gave it to you? ; Who did give it to you?
®√¢√-Lqç-üËØ√? ®√ßÁ·î√a? Öü∆-£æ«-®Ω-ùèπ◊ w.e.f., i.e.,
Time, date, month, year.. but in January. The evening of ©™ àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? áçü¿’èπ◊? e.g., a.m., p.m., viz ™«çöÀN *†o Åéπ~-
after that you don't follow the which day? The speaker is not 2) How long has he been out? ®√™x éπ-E°œÆæ’hç-ö«®·. ÉN éπÈ®ÍédØ√?
sequence. Kindly understand clear about it. How long has he gone out? ûËú≈ N´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. 2. Mineral water, distilled water, puri-
the doubt and rectify it. b) On Sunday morning= On the 3) Will you come or not? Ñ ¢√éπuç ÆæÈ®j-†ü∆-, é¬ü∆? áçü¿’èπ◊? fied water ©†’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ -à´’-Ø√-L?
eg) In the lesson- 'on a January morning of a particular Sunday-
4) †’¢√y-°æE îËߪ’-èπ◊çú≈ Öçúø-™‰¢√? -Å-ØË ¢√é¬uEo ÉçTx-≠æfl™ ᙫ ®√≤ƒhç? - P. Lingam, Nagpur
evening', 'on Sunday morn- the speaker and the listener
ing', but my doubt is 'on an
- Mohan Rao, Ongole A. 1. ᙫ ®√ߪ’-´îª’a– Capitals ™Ø√/ small
know which Sunday it is.
evening of January', on
A. 1) äéπ'who' (wh word) questions
ûÓ ´îËa ™†÷, 'what' ûÓ ´îËa letters ™Ø√ ÅØËC, ¢Á·ü¿-öÀ-†’ç* Ç
c) On an evening in (not of)
questions helping verb abbreviation à letters ™ ÖçD ÅØË
morning of Sunday'. Which
™†÷, ®√ü¿’.
January- same meaning as on
one is correct? Who gave it to you? correct. Å™«Íí who came here yesterday?
a January evening.
dž-¢√-®·-B-E-•öÀd Öçô’çC. ´·êuçí¬
Who did it? questions ™ helping verb ®√ü¿’. Å®·ûË Latin, Greek languages †’ç* ´*a†
Please explain the differ-
™«çöÀ
d) On the morning of Sunday= (b)
whom who ¢√úÕûË– É°æ¤púø’ spoken English ™ whom abbreviations small letters ™
ence between the sen-
•ü¿’©’
on Sunday morning- the morn- helping verb
tences. ing of a particular Sunday- the
¢√úø-ôç-™‰ü¿’– Åéπ\úø ®√¢√L. Öçö«®·. a.m., p.m. British lan-
As the train went through the Who (Whom) did you meet yesterday? = guage ™ small letters; American
speaker and the listener know
tunnel / As the train was going †’´¤y E†o á´-JE éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-Ø√o´¤? English ™ AM, PM (Capitals)
which Sunday it is.
through the tunnel .. It Who (To Whom •ü¿’©’) did you give the book to? = 2. Mineral= êEïç– Ö°æ¤p, Éûª®Ω salts-
Neither of the sentences is
became suddenly dark.
correct. sentence can be
E†o á´-J-éÀ-î√a´¤ Ç °æ¤Ææhéπç? É´Fo êE-ñ«©’, É™«çöÀ êE-ñ«-©ûÓ ¨¡ŸCl¥-
- Anamika, Hyderabad Å™«Íí What happened yesterday?/ What happened? Ééπ\úø °æ-®Ω-*† FöÀE Mineral water Åçö«ç.
improved as:
A. 1) The correct sequence is èπÿú≈ helping verb ®√ü¿’.
As the train entered the tunnel, ûÁ©’-í∫’™ É°æp-öÀ-´-®Ωèπÿ DEéÀ Ê°®Ω’ ™‰ü¿’.
Time, day, date, month and 2) How long has he been out = Åûªúø’ áçûª-é¬-©çí¬ •ßª’-ô’-Ø√oúø’?
it became suddenly dark. ´’†ç °ôd-´îª’a– êEï ï©ç ÅE.
year/ Day, date, month, year Distilled water= é¬* ´*a† ÇNJE x-
Suddenly implies a particular
´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç= áçûª-ÊÆ-°æ-®·çC Åûªúø’ •ßª’-ôèπ◊ ¢ÁRx?
and time. How long has he gone out?- This sentence is wrong. DE •ü¿’©’
moment, so you cannot use •-®Ω-îªí¬ ´îËa ¨¡Ÿü¿l¥-ï©ç. ÉD ¨¡Ÿü¿l¥-ï-©¢Ë’.
No connection between the How long is it since he went out?= Åûªúø’ •ßª’-öÀéÀ ¢ÁRx áçûª-ÊÆ-°æ-
'went' or 'was going' here as they Purified water= ¨¡Ÿv¶µº-°æ-®Ω-*†/ E®Ωt-©-¢Á’i†
sequence given above and ®·çC? ņúøç better.
example you want to be clear
refer to a prolonged or continu- F∞¡Ÿx– purified water, distilled water
3) Correct
about. ous action. 鬴îª÷a, ™‰ü∆ mineral water 鬴a.
4) Can't you stop/ avoid doing it?
Praful: I want to meet Pramod. Any idea Prasen: No body in town can hold a candle to
where he lives. him in that. He has taste.
(v°æ¢Á÷-ü˛†’ éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’. (Ü®Ω’ ¢Á·ûªhç™ á´®Ω÷ Ç N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Åûª-
áéπ\-úø’çö«úÓ à´’Ø√o ûÁ©’≤ƒ?) úÕéÀ ≤ƒöÀ-®√®Ω’. Åûª-úÕéÀ ´’ç* ÅGµ-®Ω’*
Prasen: Yea. He lives next door to Prabhat. Of ÖçC.)
course you have Prabhat's address, Praful: But I'm afraid he is too busy to do our
don't you? house up. He undertakes quite big
(v°æ¶µ«û˝ ÉçöÀ °æéπ\ØË. Fèπ◊ v°æ¶µ«û˝ É©’x jobs.
ûÁ©’Ææ’ éπü∆.) (´÷ ÉçöÀE Å©ç-éπ-JçîË BJéπ Åûª-úÕ-èπ◊ç-úø-
Praful: And that reminds me. Did Prabhat get üË¢Á÷. Åûªúø’ °ü¿l °ü¿l °æ†’©’ -îË°æ-úø-û√-úø’.)
the job? You perhaps know he attend- Prasen: Don't worry. He will oblige you. We are
ed the interview for appointment to the The exams are round the corner and the Think over the matter = Think the matter over.
all friends you know.
position of a branch manager of a com- students are naturally tensed up = Å™«Íí, Talk over the matter = Talk the matter
pany?
(àç worry Å´èπ◊. F °æE ä°æ¤p-èπ◊ç-ö«-úø’™‰. over = ã N≠æߪ’ç îªJaç-îªúøç.
°æK-éπ~©’ ÆæO’-°œ-Ææ’h-Ø√o®·. Nü∆u-®Ω’n©’ éπçí¬®Ω’,
a) I'll talk the matter over with my father and
(Ç ´÷ôçõ‰ í∫’®Ìh-*açC. Prabhat èπ◊ -Ç ´’†ç Åçû√ ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’©ç éπü∆?)
oblige= Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç îËÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥-°æ-úøôç/ îËߪ’úøç
¶µºßª÷-©èπ◊ ™†-´¤-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’.
ÖüÓuí∫ç ´*açü∆? àüÓ Company take a decision/ decide =
´÷ Ø√†oûÓ
Praful: I hope so. on second thoughts = ´’Sx Ç™-*ç-*†
branch manager ÖüÓu-í¬-EéÀ interview èπ◊ Ç N≠æߪ’ç îªJaç* E®Ωgߪ’ç BÆæ’-èπ◊çö«/ E®Ωg-®·-
¢Á∞«x-úøE Fèπ◊ ûÁ©’-Ææ-†’-èπ◊çö«.) (Å™«Íí ÇP-Ææ’h-Ø√o†’.) O’ü¿ô/ ´’J-éÌçûª Ç™- ûª®√yûª/ °æ¤†-®√-™-
≤ƒh†’.
5) Coming on = ï•’s/ ¶«üµ¿©’ ™«çöÀN v§ƒ®Ω綵ºç
Prasen: He almost took the job but on second
O’ü¿ô ´’†Ææ’ ´÷®Ω’a-éÓ-´úøç.
Spoken English ™ ûª®Ωîª÷ NE-°œçîË phrases ´’J-
thoughts decided against it. His joining a) I thought I'd buy a house, but on second 鬴úøç/ ÅßË’u Ææ÷îª-†©’ éπE-°œç-îªúøç. DØÁo°æ¤púø÷ is
éÌ-Eoç-öÀ-E- -É°æ¤púø’ îª÷ü∆lç.
the company means his leaving his old thoughts I wanted to go in for a flat = coming/ are coming ®Ω÷°æç-™ ØË ¢√úøû√ç.
parents alone here. Look at the following a) I feel I have a fever coming on = Ø√ÍéüÓ
expressions from the
É©’x éÌçü∆-´’-†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’,
(ü∆ü∆°æ¤ îËJ-†õ‰d Å®·uçCé¬F é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç* é¬F é¬Ææh Ç™-*ç-*† ïy®Ωç ´îËa-ôd-E-°œ-≤ÚhçC.
´÷ØË-¨»úø’. Ç company ™ îË®Ωúøç Åçõ‰ conversation above:
b) The indications are that a cold wave is
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 466 flat éÌçü∆-´’-†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’.
ûª®√yûª ´’†Ææ’ ´÷®Ω’a-èπ◊E
´ßª’Ææ’´’Rx† ûª† ûªLx-ü¿ç-vúø’-©E äçô-Jí¬ ´C- 1) He lives next door to coming on = îªL-í¬-©’©’ OîË Ææ÷îª-†©’ éπE-°œ-Ææ’h-
™‰ßª’úø¢Ë’-†E Å®Ωnç Å´-úøçûÓ ´÷†’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.) Prabhat Ø√o®·.
Praful: He should 6) Do something up
have thought =
Q. If I had known you were in hospi- I will come to you whenever you
Q. 1. Helping Verbs í∫’-Jç-* -N-´-Jç-îª A. Command, order ü∆ü∆°æ¤ äéπõ‰.
tal, I would have gone to visit you. want me (á°æ¤púø’ Fèπ◊ 鬢√-LqØ√ ؈’ í∫-©®Ω’. -à-ßË’ Ææç-ü¿®√s¥-™x -Ö°æ-ßÁ÷- Å®·ûË ÅCµ-é¬-J-éπçí¬, ã ÅCµ-é¬J ûª†
Ééπ\úø gone •ü¿’©’ come éπü∆ F ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊/ O’ ÉçöÀéÀ O’ Ü-JéÀ Tç-î√-™ -ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’. ÅCµ-é¬-®√Eo NE-ßÁ÷-TÆæ÷h ÉîËa Öûªh®Ω’y
command. Command ÉîËaç-ü¿’èπ◊
¢√ú≈-LqçC. É™«çöÀ ¢√é¬u©’ È®çúø’, ´≤ƒh†’) 2. Ææy®Ω_ç, †®Ωéπç, †®Ω-éπ-ߪ÷-ûª†– -O-öÀ-E
My uncle is coming tomorrow = 2) I am going to the station.
´‚úø’îÓôx îª÷¨»†’. Åéπ\ú≈ go Why don't you go with me? = ؈’ Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ -îÁ°æpç-úÕ. Åûª-úÕÍé ÅCµ-鬮Ωç ÖçC. Order á´-
®Ω÷°æ¢Ë’ ¢√ú≈®Ω’. F ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ´≤ƒh†’, Í®°æ¤ ´÷ ´÷´’ߪ’u/ ¶«¶«®· ´Ææ’h- 3. ûÁ©’-í∫’™ 'í¬®Ω’— •ü¿’-©’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™
station Èé∞¡ŸhØ√o. †’´‹y Ø√ûÓ È®jØ√, ÅCµ-鬮Ωç ÖØ√o ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ ÉîËa
FûÓ ´≤ƒh†’, F ´ü¿lèπ◊ ´îËa-¢√-úÕE É™« Ø√oúø’ (´÷ ÉçöÀéÀ/ ´’† ÜJéÀ) à-´’-Ø√L? Çïc 鬴a.
áü¿’öÀ ´uéÀh ´ü¿lèπ◊, ûÓ Å†o-°æ¤púø’ go ®√èπÿúøü¿÷? a) The captain of a ship com-
- G. Anil Kumar, Hyderabad
ÉçéÓîÓô Ö†o-¢√∞¡} ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ¢Á∞¡x-úøç
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ, come ¢√-úø-û√®Ω’, é¬F go 3) If you had been at office then,
¢√úøôç ᙫ éπÈ®èπ◊d? come ®Ω÷°æç mands.
I would have gone there for your A. 1. Helping Verbs í∫’-Jç-* lessons
¢√úøéπç áèπ◊\´. b) The house owner ordered the
´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√ú≈L éπü∆? N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. advice = Office 180-210
Where are you now? At col- †’´y-°æ¤púø’ ™ ÖçúÕ ™ N´-Jçî√ç, îª÷úøçúÕ. servant to get out. (House
- G. Sambasiva Rao, Vijayawada 2. Heaven, hell, horrors of hell.
lege? Wait, I'll go to meet you Öçõ‰, Ææ©£æ… éÓÆæç Office èπ◊ ´îª’aç-úË- owner
A. English ™ come ´·êuçí¬ äéπJ there/ I will soon be there = (go) 3.
ûÁ©’-í∫’™ í¬®Ω’ = Mister
èπ◊ ÅCµ-鬮Ωç ÖçúÌa. é¬F
†’¢Áy- ü∆Eo ÅC official order
é¬ü¿’) com-
†’
college Å®·ûË Indian centext™ °j Ææçü¿- Q. Command èπ◊ order èπ◊ ûËú≈ à¢Á’iØ√
ü¿í∫_-JéÀ, ¢√Rxçöx/ ¢√∞¡} Ü∞x éπ\-úø’-Ø√o-N-°æ¤púø’? ™Ø√? mand èπ◊ •ü¿’©’ ¢√úÌa. é¬F
Ö†o-°æ¤púø’, ¢√R}ç-öÀéÀ/ ¢√∞¡} ÜJéÀ Å®·ûË Åéπ\úË Öçúø’. ØË ´Ææ’hØ√o, E†’o ®√s¥-©-Eoç-öÀ™ come ¢√-úø-û√ç. ÅC Öçü∆? command †’ order èπ◊ •ü¿’©’
¢Á∞¡x-úøç ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√-úø-û√ç. éπ-©’Ææ’-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊/ ûªy®Ω™ -Åéπ\-úø’çö«. Åçûª acceptable é¬ü¿’. - D.Sailaji, Adoni ÅEoîÓö«x ¢√úø™‰ç.
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
-´’çí∫-∞¡-¢√®Ωç 17 -W-Ø˛ 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
Likhit: What's up? You and the others were dis- Nishit: As I've said we are late. The chances
cussing something seriously. are that we may get the left overs. So
(àç ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûÓç-C-éπ\úø? †’´¤y, N’í∫-û√-¢√∞¡Ÿx let's skip rice and have some snacks
àüÓ î√™« Bv´çí¬ îªJaç--èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’) instead.
Nishit: That's where you are wrong. The minute (؈-†oô’x ´’†ç lunch èπ◊ É°æ¤púø’ late. àüÓ
you see a group of people you think they Åúø’í∫’ ¶Ôúø’í∫’N AØ√Lq ´Ææ’hçC. 鬕öÀd
are in a serious discussion. ¶µï†ç ´C-™‰Æœ °∂æ©£æ…-®Ω-¢Ë’-´’Ø√o îËü∆lç.)
(Åéπ\úË †’´¤y §Ò®Ω-•-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤. ´·í∫’_®Ω’ Likhit: Whatever you say.
†©’-í∫’®Ω’ éπL-Ææ’ç-úøôç îª÷ÊÆh î√©’, ¢√∞ÏxüÓ (†’¢Ëyç îÁÊ°h ÅüË).
Ωa™ ÖØ√o-®Ω-†’-èπ◊ç-ö«´¤) Daily life situations ™ conversation ™ ´’J-
Likhit: Nothing of the sort. I sure saw you talk- éÌEo î√™« ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-ù-¢Á’i† phrases and expressions
ing about something very seriously. îª÷ü∆lç Ñ lesson ™. c) Don't lord it over us. We are not your ser-
véÀûªç-≤ƒ-J-éπçõ‰ Ñ≤ƒJ ´÷N’-úÕ-°æçúø’x î¯éπE ņ’-èπ◊ç- vants =
(ÅüËç ™‰ü¿’. O’Í®üÓ î√™« ´·êu-¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç Look at the following sentences from the dia- ô’-Ø√o¢√? Å™«çöÀüË癉ü¿’. Ç´÷-ô-éÌÊÆh Ñ≤ƒÍ® ´÷O’ü¿ °ûªh†ç «®·ç-îªèπ◊. ¢Ë’ç F
´÷ö«x-úø’-éÓ-´úøç îª÷¨»-ØËo†’) logue above. ÊÆ´-èπ◊©ç é¬ü¿’.
5) There's no knowing/ There's no saying=
áèπ◊\´ v°œßª’çí¬ (áèπ◊\´ üµ¿®Ω©’) ÖØ√o®·.
Nothing of the sort = Å™«ç-öÀ-üËç-™‰ü¿’/ ÅüËç 1) What's up?
3) We have to take what's going - What's
èπ◊ü¿-®Ωü¿’. Spoken English ™ î√™« common. 2) Nothing of the sort
ûÁL-ߪ’-éπ-§Ú-´úøç/ îÁ°æp-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç.
Practise îËߪ’çúÕ. going = What's available = àC üÌJ-éÀûË ÅC. a) As things stand now, (there's) no knowing/
3) We have to take what's going
Nishit: Cut that out and let's go for lunch. We a) They couldn't get the kind of fruit they want- saying which party will win the next elec-
4) Don't lord it over me like that
are a bit late, so if the what we want to ed. So they had to make do with what was tions=
5) There's no knowing when you are upset and
eat is off the menu, we have to take when you are pleasant going = É°æpöÀ °æJ-Æœn-AE •öÀd îª÷ÊÆh ´îËa áEo-éπ™x à §ƒKd
what's going. 6) I felt left out ¢√∞¡x-é¬\-´-©-Æœ† ®Ωéπç °æçúø’x üÌ®Ω-éπ-™‰ü¿’. Åçü¿’-éπE Èí©’-Ææ’hçüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’úøç ™‰ü¿’/ îÁ°æp-™‰-èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√oç.
(Ééπ Ç°æ¤, ´’†ç ¶µï-Ø√-EéÀ ¢Á∞«lç °æü¿. ´’†ç 7) We may get only the left overs üÌJ-éÀ-†-¢√-öÀ-ûÓØË Ææ®Ω’l-èπ◊-§Ú-¢√Lq ´*açC. b) (There's) no knowing when the inflation
will come down=
Make do with= Ææ®Ω’l-èπ◊-§Ú-´úøç– DEoç-ûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’
éÌClí¬ Ç©-Ææuçí¬ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’Ø√oç, ´’†ç AØ√-©-†’- °j´Fo èπÿú≈ ´’† Ææ綵«≠æ-ùèπ◊ î√™« Ææ£æ«-ï-û√yEo
èπ◊†oC Å®·-§ÚûË Åéπ\úø àü¿’çõ‰ ÅC AØ√L.) (naturalness) É≤ƒh®·. ÉN ¢√úË Å´-é¬-¨»©’ î√™«ØË N´-®Ωçí¬ îªJaçî√ç. vü¿¢Óu-©sùç á°æ¤púø’ ûªí∫’_-ûª’çüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’úøç ™‰ü¿’.
Menu (¢Á’†’u) Åçõ‰ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-í∫ü∆? Hotels/ Öçö«®·. O©-®·-†-°æ¤p-úø™«x/ Å´-鬨¡ç ´*a-†°æ¤púø™«x c) No knowing when this will end=
b) What's going now in the college is only Civil
restaurants ™ Ç£æ…®Ω °æü∆-®√n© °æöÀdéπ – ¢√öÀ OöÀE ¢√úø’ûª÷ Å©-¢√ô’ îËÆæ’-éÓ-¢√L.
Engineering seats. The seats in other
ÉüÁ-°æ¤púø’ ´·í∫’-Ææ’hçüÓ ûÁL-ߪ’-úøç-™‰ü¿’.
°æJ-´÷ùç, üµ¿®Ω-©ûÓ.
branches have been filled = college 6) Feel left out- Past tense & past participle-
Likhit: Don't lord it over
É°æ¤pú≈
Civil Engineering seats felt left out=
me like that. You aren't my boss, are you?
™ ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ üÌ®Ω’-
branches ÆæÈ®j† v§ƒ´·êuç/ í∫’Jhç°æ¤/ ´’®√uü¿ É´y-èπ◊çú≈
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
(Ü®Ω-éπØË Ø√èπ◊ ÇüË-¨»©’ ñ«K-îË-ߪ’èπ◊. †’¢Ëyç Ø√ èπ◊-û√®·/ ë«Sí¬ ÖØ√o®·. N’í∫û√ ™
seats
468
´C-™‰-¨»-®ΩØË ¶µ«´ç.
boss 鬴¤ éπü∆?)
Å®·-§Ú-ߪ÷®·.
4) Lord it over = °ûªh†ç «®·ç-îªúøç. a) When they did not ask her to the movie she
Nishit: Why are you so cross today? There is no
telling/ knowing felt left out = Ç¢Á’†’
Q.
Q. £œ«çü¿÷ †÷uÆˇ-Ê°-°æ-®˝™ éÀçC ¢√éπuç™ Q. Watch, Seeing, Looking Ñ ´‚úø’ °æü∆- Q. Too- enough, since-for © ´’üµ¿u ûËú≈ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.
'chin blame' ÅE Éî√a®Ω’. ü∆E Å®Ωnç N´- ©†’ -à-ßË’ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ó ûÁ©-°æçúÕ. ÅüË-N-üµ¿çí¬idioms and phrasal verbs †’ í∫’Jç*
Jç-îªçúÕ. We watch the aeroplane when it is taking °æ‹Jhí¬ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. - K. Usharani, Kurnool.
Over the past two years, Prime at the ground A. Too Åçõ‰ àüÁjØ√ ï®Ω-í∫-†ç-ûªí¬ áèπ◊\´ ÅE.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù
Åçô’Ø√oç.
Minister Manmohan Singh has taken
He is too weak to walk = †úø-´-™‰-†çûª •©-£‘«-†çí¬
on the 'chin blame' for every security 471 We looking the aeroplane when it is taking
ÖØ√oúø’ = He is not strong enough to walk.
failure in every part of the country. at the ground ņ-èπÿ-úøü∆? OöÀ ´’üµ¿u Ææç•ç-
(too weak = not strong enough) = †úÕ-îËçûª •©ç
- Satyam , Ramakrishnapuram üµ∆Eo OöÀE -à-ßË’ Ææçü¿®√s¥™x ¢√úø-û√®Ó ûÁ©-°æçúÕ.
A. -M. Anjaneyulu, K. Nageswarao,
There is no such expression as chin blame in English. There is the
™‰èπ◊çú≈ ÖØ√oúø’)
The food is too bad to eat = The food is not
expression, Take on the chin = à éπ-≥ƒd-†o®·Ø√/ éÀx≠dæ °æJ-Æœn-A-ØÁjØ√ ¶«üµ¿- Molagavalli.
good enough to eat. connec-
Eg. He took his
ÉD OöÀ È®ç-úÕç-öÀ
A.
°æ-úø-èπ◊çú≈ ≤ƒèπ◊©’ ¢Áûª-èπ◊\çú≈ E•s-®ΩçûÓ ¶µºJç-îªúøç. Watch =
defeat on the chin = He accepted his defeat without complaint =
í∫´’-Eç-îªúøç/ Ææç°∂æ’-ô† ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’- tionÉçéÓ N≠æߪ’ç -too = so that... not.
ûª† ãô-N’E E•s-®Ωçí¬ ¶µºJç-î√úø’/ ÅçU-éπ-Jç-î√úø’, -á´-JF, üËFo EçCç-îª- †oç-ûª-ÊÆ°æ¤ îª÷Ææ÷h Öçúøôç. Look = üËE-†- He is too weak to walk = He is so weak that he
èπ◊çú≈. The Hindu ™ sentence O’®Ω’ É™« îª÷Æœ Öçö«®Ω’. PM ®·Ø√, á´J†-®·Ø√ îª÷úøôç, ¢√∞¡x/ ¢√öÀ ¢Áj°æ¤ cannot walk.
Manmohan Singh has taken on the chin - The blame far every îª÷úøôç, Watch ņo-°æ¤púø’ é¬Ææh °æK-éπ~í¬ Since he is weak, he cannot walk = He cannot
security failure = v°æA ¶µºvü¿-û√-¢Áj-°∂æ-™«u-EéÀ ûª†-O’ü¿ ´*a† Eçü¿†’ E•s- M.SURESAN îª÷≤ƒhç, look Åçõ‰ îª÷úøôç ´÷vûª¢Ë’ walk, for he is weak/ He cannot walk. For he is
taken on the chin, the blame....
®ΩçûÓ ¶µºJç-î√®Ω’ ÅE ¶µ«´ç. (Ééπ\úø (í∫´’-Eç-îË-ô-°æ¤púø’ Ö†oçûª v¨¡ü¿l¥ Öçúøü¿’). weak Idioms & Phrasal Verbs É°æ¤púø’
ÅE îªü¿’-´¤-éÓ-¢√L?) N´-J-Ææ’hØ√oç îª÷úøçúÕ.
Q. éÀçC ûÁ©’í∫’ ¢√é¬u-©†’ ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ îÁ°æpçúÕ. 21. Ñ ®ÓV™x Å´÷t-®·©’, Ŷ«s-®·©’ •J-ûÁ-Tç*, 2) The relatives of the deceased/ dead person
staged a dharna.
21) Boys and girls these days are unrestrai
ned/ show no restraint (in their behaviour)
1. éÓ®Ω’d Åûª-úÕéÀ °æ-üË-∞¡x éπJ∏† 鬮√-í¬®Ω Péπ~ NCµç-*çC. N-îªa©-N-úÕí¬ A®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. 22) Exams are approaching.
3) Being a member of a party not so prominent
23) During the exams study with all seriousness.
2. ´’%ûª’úÕ ûª®Ω°æ¤ •çüµ¿’-´¤©’ üµ¿®√o î˨»®Ω’. 22. °æK-éπ~©’ ü¿í∫_®Ω °æúø’-ûª’-Ø√o®·. he lacks recognition.
4) Inspite of what has happened he hasn't learnt 24) The court has imposed a condition/ restric-
3. Åûªúø’ •©-£‘«-†-¢Á’i† §ƒKd™ Öçúøôç ´©x Åûª-úÕéÀ 23. °æK-éπ~©’ Ö†oEo®ÓV©’ ä∞¡Ÿx ü¿í∫_-®Ω-°-ô’d-èπ◊E îªü¿-´çúÕ.
ÆæÈ®j† í∫’Jhç°æ¤ ©Gµç-îª-™‰ü¿’. 24. éÓ®Ω’d Åûª-úÕ°j äéπ ≠æ®Ωûª’ NCµç-*çC. a lesson. tion him.
4. Éçûª ïJ-TØ√ ¢√úÕéÀ •’Cl¥-®√-™‰ü¿’. 25. Ø√ ÇÆœh ¢Á·ûªhç FÍé ÉîËa≤ƒh. 5) The Devasthanam is crowded with devotees. 25) I'm ready to give you my whole property.
5. üË´-≤ƒn-†ç™ ¶µºèπ◊h©’ éÀô-éÀ-ô-™«-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. 26. Ø√ ÇÆœh F Ê°®Ω’ O’ü¿ ®√≤ƒh. 6) There are a large number of devotees in the 26) I will write my property in your name.
6. üË´-≤ƒn-†ç™ ¶µºèπ◊h© ®ΩDl î√™« áèπ◊\-´í¬ ÖçC. 27. ÇÆœh á´J Ê°®Ω’ O’ü¿ ÖçC? temple/ There is a large crowd of devotees in 27) In whose name is the property?
7. Ø√èπ◊ @N-ûªç™ äéπ\ éÓJéπ N’T-L-§Ú-®·çC. 28. Ñ ØÓô’ îÁ©xü¿’, *J-T-§Ú-®·çC. the temple. 28) The note is torn and doesn't go/ It's a bad
8. F ûªLxü¿çvúø’©’ F O’ü¿ áØÓo Ǩ¡©’ °ô’d-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’. 29. F É≠æd¢Á·*a-†ô’d ÜÍ®í∫’. 7) I have one unfulfilled desire in my life. note, it's torn.
9. ¢√∞¡x Ǩ¡-©Fo ÅúÕ-ߪ÷-¨¡-©-ߪ÷u®·. 30. é¬xÆæ’™ Cèπ◊\©’ îª÷úøèπ◊. 8) Your parents have a lot of hope on you/ many 29) Go to hell
hopes on you. 30) Pay attention to what's going on in the class
10. E†’o à îËÆœØ√ §ƒ°æç ™‰ü¿’. 31. ؈’ Ñ N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo Åûª-úÕE ÅúÕ-T-†-°æ¤púø’ F∞¡Ÿx
9) All their hopes have been shattered. 31) When I asked him about it he blinked
11. û√T† ¢Á’iéπç™ ¢√úø’ àç îËÆæ’h-Ø√oúÓ ¢√úÕÍé Å®Ωnç †N’-™«úø’.
32. ¢√úø’ í∫’ôéπ©’ ¢ËÆæ’hØ√oúø’. 10) You deserve the worst punishment. (F∞¡Ÿx †N’-™«úø’ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæÈ®j† ´÷ô ™‰ü¿’.
鬴úøç ™‰ü¿’. Blink = éπ∞«x-®Ωp-úøç)
11) He doesn't realise what he is doing in his
12. •Ææ’q ÇT-´¤†o Çö†’ úµŒéÌ-ôd-úøçûÓ Ñ v°æ´÷ü¿ç 33. ÉçúÕ-ߪ÷èπ◊ ≤ƒyûªçvûªuç á°æ¤púø’ ´*açC ņ-ú≈-EéÀ 32) He is gulping (àç îÁ§ƒp™ ûÁ-L-ߪ’éπ í∫’ô-éπ©’
drunken state/ Totally drunk he doesn't/ is
ïJ-TçC. When did India become free? When did
not able to realise what he is doing. ¢Ë¨»úø’ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÉC ¢√-úø-û√ç. Ø√èπ◊ ûÁLÆœ
India got freedom? È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àC éπÈ®èπ◊d? English ™ Ñ ¶µ«¢√-EéÀ expression ™‰ü¿’)
13. û√T é¬®Ω’ †úø-°æúøç ´©x ®Óúø’f °æéπ\† °æúø’-èπ◊†o °æC- 12) The accident resulted from a bus hitting a
34.
33) Both are correct.
´’çC é¬∞¡x-O’-ü¿’í¬ é¬®Ω’ §ÚE-î√aúø’. ¶„©÷Ø˛ Ê°L-§Ú-®·çC. standing auto.
13) Driving drunk, he ran the car over the legs 34) The balloon blew up
14. ¢√úø’ ÅçûË. ÅüÓ õ„j°æ¤. 35. öÃ˝ ††’o víıçúø’-ô’d Ø√©’-í∫’-≤ƒ®Ω’x °æ®Ω’-Èí-ûªh-´’-Ø√o®Ω’.
15. Ç¢Á’ °æKéπ~ §ƒÆˇ 鬙‰-ü¿E Bv´ ´’†-≤ƒh-§ƒ-EéÀ í∫’È®jçC. 36. öÃîª®Ω’ -†-†’o ¶„ç*-O’ü¿ E™a-´’-Ø√o®Ω’. of ten people sleeping on the roadside. 35) The teacher asked me to run 4 times around
16. ´Ææç-ûª-é¬-©ç™ îÁô’x *í∫’-J-≤ƒh®·. 37. öÃîª®Ω’ Ø√ûÓ íÓúø-èπ◊Ka ¢Ë®·ç-î√®Ω’. 14) He is rather odd. the ground.
17. îÁߪ’uE ûª°æ¤pèπ◊ °æ-üË-∞¡x ñ„j©’ Péπ~ ņ’-¶µº-Nç-î√†’. 38. öÃîª®Ω’ í∫’ç@©’ B®·ç-î√®Ω’. 15) She is very upset at not passing the exam. 36) The teacher made me stand up on the
18. †’´¤y ûª°æ¤p îËÆœ Eçü¿ ¢√úÕ-O’ü¿éÀ ØÁúø-û√-¢ËçöÀ? 39. Åûªúø’ ¢√∞¡x Å´’t O’ü¿ ¶„çí∫-°-ô’d-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’. 16) Trees put on new leaves in the spring bench.
19. ¢√úø’ Nçõ‰í¬ ÅE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ņ-ú≈-EéÀ – He 40. F Ææû√h E®Ω÷-°œç--éÓ-´-ú≈-EéÀ ÉüË ÆæÈ®j† Æ洒ߪ’ç. 17) For a crime that I did not commit I under- 37) The teacher made me sit against the wall.
wouldn't listen Åçõ‰ ÆæJ-§Ú-ûª’çü∆? îÁGûË - M. Nagaraju, Tallavalasa. went a ten year jail term. 38) The teacher made me do sit-ups
Nçõ‰í¬, îÁGûË NØ√o¢√? OöÀE ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ᙫ A. 1) The court convicted him to/ sentenced 18) Why do you blame him for your fault? 39) He is longing for his mother.
îÁ§ƒpL? him to/ awarded him ten years rigorous 19) He wouldn't listen, Did you listen? 40) This is the time to prove your mettle
20. ¢√úø’ ÅEoç-öÀéà ûÁTç-îË-¨»úø’. imprisonment. 20) He is desperate.