University of Oregon

Sang-Eun Chun, Shannon Boettcher*

Oregon State University

Xingfeng Wang, Bao Wang, Vadivukarasi Raju, David Ji*

University of California, Santa Barbara

Brian Evanko, Nick Parker, Dave Auston, Galen Stucky*

April 29, 2014

High Power Capacitors Boosted with Both
Anolyte and Catholyte
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Electrochemical Capacitors
# High Power Density
# Low Energy Density
# Excellent Cycle
Efficiency,
Cyclability, and
Lifetime
# Referred to also as
supercapacitors,
ultracapacitors, and
EDLCs
P. Simon and Y. Gogotsi, Materials for electrochemical capacitors.,
Nat. Mater., vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 84554, Nov. 2008.
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Electrochemical Capacitors
Traditional Capacitor




Supercapacitor
P. Jampani, et al. Advancing the supercapacitor materials and technology frontier Electrochem. Soc. Interface, 2010.
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
d
A
!


- +

- +

- +

- +

- +

- +
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Electrochemical Capacitors
# Energy stored in a capacitor is
proportional to the area under
the charge/discharge curve.
+
"
K
+
K
+
Galvanostatic
discharge profiles (1
A/g) of devices with
KI and VOSO
4

concentrations of
!) 0.15 M and 0.1 M,
II) 0.3 M and 0.2 M,
and III) 0.75 M and
0.5 M, respectively
SO
4
2-
K
+
K
+
SO
4
2-
K
+
K
+
SO
4
2-
Electrolyte:
Aqueous K
2
SO
4

Specific Energy:
5 Wh/kg
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Redox-Active Electrolytes: Gen I Chemistry
# Redox-active ions in electrolyte
generate pseudocapacitance
# Fast kinetics without material
degradation
+
I
-
I
3
-
I
-
SO
4
2-
I
-
(+) 3I
-
! I
3
-
+ 2e
-
SO
4
2-
"
V
3+
VO
2+
K
+
VO
2+
K
+
VO
2+
(-) 2VO
2+
+ 2e
-
! 2V
3+
Electrolyte:
0.1 M VOSO
4
and 0.15 M KI

Galvanostatic
discharge profiles (1
A/g) of devices with
KI and VOSO
4

concentrations of
!) 0.15 M and 0.1 M,
II) 0.3 M and 0.2 M,
and III) 0.75 M and
0.5 M, respectively
Specific Energy:
20 Wh/kg
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Redox-Active Electrolytes: Gen II Chemistry
6
Electrolyte:
0.1 M methyl viologen, 1 M KBr

# The methyl viologen
bromide system
behaves as a capacitor
at low voltages and a
battery at higher
voltages.
# 1.5 V operating window
with Br
-
! Br
3
-
oxidation
and MV
2+
! MV
+

reduction greatly
increases specific
energy.

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Redox-Active Electrolytes: Gen II Chemistry
7
Potential
window
1.0 V 1.2 V 1.4 V
Specific capacity
(mAh/g)
8.6 18.9 36.8
Energy density
(Wh/kg)
4.6 15.1 36.6
Coulombic (%) 99.3 99.2 98.2
Energy (%) 84.2 89.1 87.0
- Se|f-d|scharge
Aer 6 h of self-dlscharge, 22
Wh]kg ls sull reserved ln 8r/Mv
* Acuve elecLrode mass-based energy denslLy
measured from Swagelok-cell
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Design of Electrochemical Cell
8
Lpoxy lnsulaung layer
separaLor (lLer paper)
Swage|ok-type ce|| Vo|ume-||m|nng ce||
Mlnlmal amounL of elecLrode +
elecLrolyLe mass
Side
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Scaling Up
9
Ce|| Goa|s for 186S0 Iormat
kedox Supercapac|tor
Current Commerc|a||y
Ava||ab|e Dev|ce
L|ectro|yte Aqueous (1.3v) Crganlc (2.7v)
D|mens|ons P: 63mm , Cu: 18mm P: 43mm , Cu: 22mm
Vo|ume 16.S cm
3
17.1 cm
3

Spec|hc Lnergy z 1S Wh]kg 4.4 Wh]kg
Spec|hc ower z 2000 W]kg 7000 W]kg
1emperature -10 C Lo 60C -40C Lo 63C
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18650 Prototyping Line
# Electrodes are coated by doctor blade on
vacuum chuck with PID controlled IR lamp
drying.
# Roll press installation was completed April 10.
10
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18650 Prototyping Line
# We also have received and installed equipment
for welding, necking, and sealing 18650 cans.
# Testing is done in-house, in the remodeled MRL
Battery Lab.
11
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Questions