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GUIDELINES FOR

ODOR SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT BY


DYNAMIC DILUTION OLFACTOMETRY
Submitted for Review to:
ASTM E18 Sensory Committee
Submitted by:
AWMA EE-6 Subcommittee on the Standardization of Odor Measurement
AUUS! "#$ "%%"
TABLE OF CONTENTS
&'!RO(U)!&O'********************************************************************************************************************+
+*% Sco,e*******************************************************************************************************************************"
"*% A,,-icab-e (ocuments*****************************************************************************************************"
#*% Odor Sam,-in.*****************************************************************************************************************#
#*+ Sam,-e )o--ection Method**********************************************************************************************#
#*" /re-conditionin. of Sam,-in. 0a.***********************************************************************************#
#*# Sam,-e )o--ection Method**********************************************************************************************#
#*1 (i-ution Sam,-in. !echni2ue******************************************************************************************#
#*3 Sam,-e Stora.e****************************************************************************************************************1

1*% Summary of Odor Measurement /ractice************************************************************************1
3*% O-factometer /arameters*************************************************************************************************1
3*+ Sam,-e &ntroduction********************************************************************************************************1
3*" (i-ution Air**********************************************************************************************************************1
3*# Air 4-ow Measurement (evices**************************************************************************************3
3*1 (ynamic Ran.e **************************************************************************************************************3
3*3 /redi-ution***********************************************************************************************************************3
3*3*+ Static /redi-ution**********************************************************************************************************3
3*3*" (ynamic /redi-ution******************************************************************************************************3
3*6 O-factometer-to-Sub5ect &nterface***********************************************************************************6
3*6 /resentation Method********************************************************************************************************6
3*7 Materia-s and )onstruction**********************************************************************************************6
6*% (efinitions************************************************************************************************************************6
6*% )a-ibration************************************************************************************************************************7
7*% Size of /ane-********************************************************************************************************************7
8*% Se-ection of /ane-ists*******************************************************************************************************8
+%*% (ata Eva-uation**************************************************************************************************************8
Recommendations************************************************************************************************************+%
References************************************************************************************************************************++
-i-
Guie!ines "or
ODOR SAMPLING #n MEASUREMENT BY DYNAMIC DILUTION
OLFACTOMETRY
INTRODUCTION
A subcommittee of the EE-6 Odor )ommittee was formed to deve-o, a set of 9.uide-ines9 or
9recommended ,ractices9 for the standardization of odor sam,-in. ,rocedures and odor
measurement techni2ues by dynamic di-ution o-factometry* !he drivin. force for the
standardization of techni2ues is the need to be ab-e to com,are odor measurement resu-ts from
one -aboratory to another or one instrument to another with some de.ree of re-iabi-ity and
re,roducibi-ity* !he studies done to date which have com,ared commercia--y avai-ab-e
o-factometers and conducted round robin inter-aboratory odor sam,-e eva-uations have shown
that standardization ,rocedures are drastica--y needed
+$"
*
Much of the methodo-o.y ,rescribed in this .uide-ine is based on the rationa-e for dynamic
di-ution o-factometry as e:,ressed in AS!M Method E-668
#
* Much research and consideration
has -ed to the se-ection of dynamic as o,,osed to static di-ution techni2ues* 4orced choice and
non-forced choice ,resentations are both acce,tab-e* 0eyond these acce,ted items$ however$ this
.uide-ine document -ists a set of recommendations for ;ey factors that the committee fee-s must
be standardized to a--ow for reasonab-e data inter,retation and com,arison of odor data*
!his .uide-ine document is submitted to the AS!M E +7 Sensory )ommittee for their review and
comment* !he EE-Odor )ommittee offers this document as a re,-acement for the current AS!M
E-668 method as a more detai-ed odor testin. method*
-+-
1$% S&o'e
+*+ !his method is desi.ned to out-ine the ,referred methodo-o.y and o-factometer
s,ecifications <minimum set of criteria= for obtainin. odor sam,-es and determinin. odor
measurements by dynamic di-ution o-factometry*
+*" !he .uide-ines are set to standardize odor measurement ,rocedures for += research
a,,-ications for determinin. odor thresho-ds in -aboratory settin.s$ as we-- as$ "= for fie-d
a,,-ications such as sam,-in. and 2uantifyin. the odor -eve- of source emissions and the
eva-uation of odor contro- systems*
+*# !his method acce,ts the use of forced-choice or non-forced choice sam,-e ,resentation
method in an ascendin. concentration trian.u-ar method <two odor-free 9b-an;9 sam,-es
and one di-uted odor sam,-e ,er ,resentation= or a binary method <one b-an; air sam,-e
and one di-uted odor sam,-e=* !o reduce the variabi-ity obtained with true 9forced-choice9
methodo-o.y and data ca-cu-ation methods$ it is recommended that the ,ane-ists a-so
indicate their basis for choice at each ,resentation$ i*e* whether their choices was based on
a ,ure .uess$ a ,ossib-e >difference?$ or if they were certain of a reco.nizab-e odor* A--
.uesses are e-iminated for the data ca-cu-ation ,rocedures*
+*1 !he thresho-d may be characterized as either the ,oint of detection <awareness of a
9difference9= or reco.nition <awareness of an odor=* !he re,orted thresho-ds must
desi.nate which thresho-d has been ca-cu-ated*
($% A''!i&#)!e Do&uments
"*+ AS!M Standards
E668-8+ Standard /ractice for (etermination of Odor and !aste !hresho-ds by a
4orced-)hoice Ascendin. )oncentration Series Method of @imits

E311-88 Recommended /ractice for Referencin. Su,rathresho-d Odor &ntensity
"*" Euro,ean Odour Standard
,rE' +#6"3 Air Aua-ity B (etermination of Odour )oncentration by (ynamic
O-factometry$ (RA4! +%C"+C+888*
-"-
*$% Oor S#m'!in+
*$1 S#m'!e Co!!e&tion Met,o
Odor sam,-es shou-d be co--ected usin. a sam,-in. -ine made of an odor-free$ chemica--y inert and
non-reactive materia- <i*e* !ef-on or simi-ar=* !he sam,-es shou-d be co--ected into .as sam,-in.
ba.s made of Te!#r* !his materia- has been s,ecified because it is the best at maintainin. sam,-e
inte.rity and has the -owest bac;.round odor* 'ew ba.s shou-d be ,ur.ed with odor-free air
,rior to use to ensure that there is no contamination due to manufacturin. >ba.? odor* !his is
es,ecia--y critica- with the co--ection of -ow -eve- or ambient odor sam,-es*
Re-use of sam,-in. ba.s may be ,ossib-e with -ow odor <i*e* -ess than 3% (C!= sam,-es* /re-used
ba.s shou-d be ,ur.ed continuous-y with odor-free air for a minimum of "1 hours and tested to
ensure that they are acce,tab-e ,rior to re-use*
*$( Pre-&onitionin+ o" S#m'!in+ B#+
!he sam,-e ba. must be ha-f fi--ed at -east once and em,tied ,rior to co--ectin. the fina- sam,-e in
order to ,recondition the sam,-in. -ine and the interior wa--s of the sam,-in. ba.* 'O!E: &f ,re-
di-ution of the sam,-e is necessary due to an e:cessive-y hi.h odor -eve-$ hi.h tem,erature$ or hi.h
humidity of the sam,-e .as$ ,re-conditionin. of the sam,-e ba. with the di-uted sam,-e is a-so
re2uired*
*$* S#m'!e Co!!e&tion Met,o
!he sam,-in. train shou-d a--ow for transfer of the .as throu.h the sam,-in. -ine ire&t!y into the
sam,-e ba. without .oin. throu.h any ,otentia- sources of contamination such as rotameters$
,um,s etc* !he recommended method for sam,-e co--ection is the >evacuated drum? or >sam,-in.
-un.? where the sam,-e ba. is ,-aced within a ri.id$ -ea;-,roof container* !he air inside the
container is evacuated usin. a ,um,$ which causes the ba. to fi-- with sam,-e at a rate e2ua- to
the container evacuation rate*
*$. Di!ution S#m'!in+ Te&,ni/ue
/re-di-ution of the sam,-e may be re2uired to ,revent condensation in the ba. if the sam,-e .as
contains a si.nificant amount of moisture !his can be accom,-ished usin. a ca-ibrated di-ution
,robe* One such sam,-e di-ution system is to use an eductor in which a f-ow of dry-odor free
nitro.en suc;s in the odorous sam,-e$ di-utes it to a ;nown ratio <based on ca-ibration of the
eductor=$ and fi--s a sam,-e ba.*

-#-
*$0 S#m'!e Stor#+e
Once co--ected$ the sam,-es shou-d be maintained at ambient tem,erature and contact with direct
sun-i.ht shou-d be avoided* !he sam,-es shou-d be ana-yzed with minimum de-ay* As a .enera-
ru-e of ,ractice$ ana-ysis shou-d be conducted within a short as time ,ractica-* &n no case shou-d
sam,-e stora.e time e:ceed #% hours ,rior to odor ana-ysis*
.$% Summ#ry o" Oor Me#surement Pr#&ti&e
Usin. an o-factometer$ a series of di-utions of an air sam,-e containin. an odor-,roducin.
substance or mi:ture of substances is ,resented to a ,ane- of odor observers* !he concentration
series is ,resented in ascendin. order with each concentration ste, se,arated by a constant factor
no .reater that "* Each di-uted odor sam,-e is ,resented a-on. with either one <binary= or two
<trian.u-ar= odor-free b-an;s* At each di-ution ste,$ the b-an;s and di-uted odor sam,-e are
,resented in random order with identica- sniff ,orts so that there is no visua-$ audib-e$ tacti-e$ or
therma- difference between the sam,-es* !he ,ane-ists are as;ed to eva-uate each of the sam,-es
and indicate which sam,-e is different from the other one or two* !he ,ane-ists must a-so indicate
the basis for their choice at each ,resentation i*e* whether it is a ,ure +uess$ they have an
1in2!in+1 that somethin. may be different about a ,articu-ar sam,-e$ or are &ert#in of their choice
based on the ,resence of an odor* !his has been found to si.nificant-y increase the re,eatabi-ity
of odor measurements com,ared with ,ure .uessin.*
1
A-- .uesses are disre.arded in the data
ca-cu-ation ,rocedures* &ndividua- best-estimate va-ues of thresho-d are derived from the ,attern
of correctCincorrect res,onses <with some de.ree of certainty= ,roduced se,arate-y by each
,ane-ist* rou, thresho-ds are derived by .eometrica- avera.in. of the individua- best-estimate
thresho-ds*
0$% O!"#&tometer P#r#meters
0$1 S#m'!e Introu&tion
!he sam,-e to o-factometer interface shou-d be such that the sam,-e does not ris; any
contamination from adsor,tion on or desor,tion from materia-s as it trave-s from the sam,-e
container to the o-factometer* !he sam,-e can be introduced by either a ,ressurized system or
via vacuum as -on. as the sam,-e is interfaced direct-y to the o-factometer* !he connection
shou-d be as short as ,ossib-e and be made of on-y those materia-s s,ecified as suitab-e for
construction <see Section 3*7=*
0$( Di!ution Air
!he air used to di-ute the odor sam,-e and servin. as the 9b-an;9 sam,-es must be odor -free* 4or
testin. ,ur,oses$ odor-free air may be su,,-ied by usin. cy-inders of com,ressed 9breathin.
.rade9 air or .enerated on-site by ,assin. .enera--y .ood 2ua-ity room air throu.h an activated
carbon fi-ter ,rior to introduction to the o-factometer* &f a com,ressor is used it shou-d be oi---ess
and its o,eration shou-d not interfere <non odor .eneratin. and minima- noise -eve-s= with the
testin. environment* !he tem,erature and humidity of the di-ution air shou-d not differ
-1-
si.nificant-y from the room air* &f necessary$ an aeroso- fi-ter shou-d be inserted ,rior to the
carbon fi-ter to e-iminate e:cess moisture* !he di-ution air must be 5ud.ed to be odor -free by both
the odor ,ane- moderator and the odor ,ane-ists ,rior to conductin. the odor thresho-d tests*

0$* Air F!o3 Me#surement #n Mi4in+ De5i&es
Air f-ow rate ,er sniff ,ort must be re.u-ated at a minimum of # -,m* 4-ow of c-ean air can be
re.u-ated by rotameters* Odor sam,-e f-ows shou-d be contro--ed by hi.h ,recision rotameters or
mass f-ow meters* !he sam,-e f-ow system shou-d be constructed of suitab-e materia-s <see
Section 3*7= and inc-ude a mi:in. chamber to ensure ade2uate mi:in. for di-ution air and odor
sam,-e ,rior to ,resentation at the nose ,ort*
0$. Dyn#mi& R#n+e
!he -ar.est di-ution factor must be at -east 3$%%% and the sma--est shou-d be be-ow +%*
0$0 Prei!ution
&f it is determined that the odor -eve- of a sam,-e e:ceeds the u,,er dynamic ran.e of the
o-factometer$ the sam,-e must be ,re-di-uted by some factor ,rior to ana-ysis* /redi-ution can be
,erformed by either static or dynamic methods*
0$0$1 St#ti& Prei!ution
A ;nown amount of the odor sam,-e shou-d be introduced into a ,re-fi--ed sam,-in. ba. which
contains a ;nown amount of dry$ odor-free air or nitro.en* !he odor-free air or nitro.en can be
metered into the .as sam,-in. ba. usin. a ca-ibrated rotameter or dry .as meter* !he rotameter
used shou-d be dedicated to odor-free air on-y* !he vo-ume of odor sam,-e introduced to the
odor-free air shou-d be measured and transferred usin. a .as-ti.ht syrin.e with ade2uate
,recision* /rior to ,re-di-ution$ the syrin.e shou-d be c-eaned and odor free* &t shou-d then be
,re-conditioned with the sam,-e .as severa- times before the fina- a-i2uot for transfer is
withdrawn and in5ected into the ba. containin. the odor-free air or nitro.en* !he resu-tant
sam,-e di-ution shou-d then be thorou.h-y mi:ed and com,-ete-y e:,e--ed to a--ow for
9,re-conditionin.9 of the ba. wa--s ,rior to sam,-e ana-ysis* !he same ,rocedure shou-d be
re,eated and the second sam,-e di-ution ,re,ared shou-d be eva-uated by the odor ,ane-*
0$0$( Dyn#mi& Prei!ution
Sources with very hi.h odor -eve-s can a-so be di-uted usin. a ca-ibrated ,re-di-ution system* !he
di-ution can be accom,-ished usin. an eductor as described in Section #*1* &f a se,arate unit is
used for dynamic ,redi-ution of odor sam,-es$ it must com,-y with a-- o-factometer s,ecifications
as out-ined in this document*
!he odor thresho-d va-ue of the di-uted sam,-e is then mu-ti,-ied by the ,re-di-ution factor*
0$6 O!"#&tometer-to-Su)7e&t Inter"#&e
-3-
)urrent-y there are various desi.ns of sniffin. ,orts in use* !he main criterion -isted be-ow have
been se-ected to ensure that +*= the nasa- area <both nostri-s= are ade2uate-y iso-ated from the
ambient air to ,revent the odor stimu-us from bein. di-uted by ambient air before enterin. the
,ane-istDs nose "*= the ,ane-ist is su,,-ied with a sufficient amount of air to ensure that the sam,-e
is not di-uted in any way by ambient air <durin. norma- breathin. at the interface=$ and #*= the face
ve-ocity at which the sam,-e and b-an;s are ,resented to the ,ane-ist is maintained at an even f-ow
,rofi-e at a f-ow bare-y ,erce,tib-e by the ,ane-ists*
!he fo--owin. s,ecifications are recommended:
4-ow Rate: Air f-ow rate from the o-factometer sniff ,orts must be re.u-ated at a minimum of #
-,m to account for the variabi-ity of individua- breathin.Csniffin. vo-umes and techni2ues durin.
o-factory eva-uations*
Sme--in. )hambers: !he sme--in. chambers shou-d be a cy-indrica- sha,e or an er.onomica--y
sha,ed nasa- mas; and must be made out of a non-reactive$ odor-free materia- <.-ass or !ef-on=*
!he cu, desi.n must a--ow for an even f-ow ,rofi-e at the face of the cu,* !he diameter of the
chambers must be between 3 and +% cm to a--ow fu-- insertion of the ,ane-istsD nose into the
chamber and resu-t in a face ve-ocity that is bare-y ,erce,tib-e by the ,ane-ists* 'ote: hi.h f-ow
rates and hi.h face ve-ocities may resu-t in notab-e discomfort of the ,ane-ists*
4ace Ee-ocity: !he resu-tant face ve-ocity at the cu, face shou-d be between " - "% ftCmin <+ -+%
cmCsec=*
0$8 Present#tion Met,o
!he di-ution series must have a minimum of five concentration sta.es* !he di-ution series must be
distributed symmetrica--y around the e:,ected odor thresho-d* !he -owest concentration in the
di-ution series is determined as that at which none of the individua- ,ane- members can
consistent-y distin.uish the odor containin. air from the odor-free b-an;<s=* !he other
concentrations are above this usin. fi:ed di-ution factors* )oncentration interva-s shou-d be
se,arated by no .reater than a factor of two* &ncreasin. concentrations are ,resented unti- a--
,ane-ists have reached a ,oint of consistency in correct-y choosin. the odor stimu-us from the
b-an;<s=*
4or each ,resentation the ,ane- moderator decides random-y which of the sme--in. ,orts wi--
contain the odor sam,-e* !he ,ane-ists are as;ed to sme-- the air comin. out of each of the ,ort
and choose the ,ort in which they ,erceive the odor to be ,resent * Even if no odor is detected$
the ,ane-ist must choose a ,ort$ if the forced choice method is used$ otherwise the ,ane-ist does
not have to choose a ,ort* !hey must a-so indicate the basis for their choice with the forced
choice method <i*e* whether their choice was based on a ,ure +uess$ a ete&tion o" # i""eren&e
or they were &ert#in t,ey re&o+ni9e t,e 'resen&e o" #n oor=* !he odor is ,resented to the
,ane-ists in increasin. concentrations* !he assessment time must be between a minimum of +3
seconds and a ma:imum of #% seconds Cdi-ution -eve-Ctria-C,ane-ist*
!he number of tests ,er sam,-e shou-d be at -east two <one re,-icate=*
-6-
0$8 M#teri#!s #n Constru&tion

Materia-s used in construction of the o-factometer shou-d a-- be odor-free <!ef-on$ stain-ess stee-$
.-ass etc*=* Of critica- im,ortance are the o-factometer ,arts that come into direct contact with
the sam,-e in any way* !hese ,arts must not on-y be odor-free but a-so chemica--y inert and
non-reactive so that chemica- reactions <e*.* o:idation of su-furous com,ounds with stain-ess
stee-=$ adsor,tion and desor,tion are avoided* !he materia-s must a-so be ab-e to be ,ur.ed or
c-eaned 2uic;-y to render them odor-free in case of contamination* !he materia-s found to be best
suited for these ,ur,oses are:
- ,o-ytetraf-uorethy-eneF /!4EF !4EF !ef-on
- .-ass
- ,o-ished stain-ess stee-
&n addition to the use of ,ro,er materia-s$ the unit ,arts used <i*e* measurin. devices$ va-ves$ etc*=
must be of the hi.hest 2ua-ity to maintain accuracy and ,recision*
6$% De"initions
(etection !hresho-d: !he -owest concentration of an odorant at which an odorous sam,-e can be
distin.uished from non-odorous air by 3%G of the .rou, of observers on the basis of some
indescribab-e >difference*?
Reco.nition !hresho-d: !he -owest odorant concentration at which an odorous sam,-e can be
distin.uished from non-odorous air by 3% G of the .rou, of observers on the basis of a
reco.nizab-e and describab-e odor*
O-factometer: A device used to monitor the di-ution of an odorous sam,-e with odor-free air for
,resentation to a ,ane- of odor observers*
(i-ution Air: !he odor-free air used to di-ute the odor sam,-e and serve as the 9b-an;s9 a.ainst
which the sam,-es are 5ud.ed* !he 2ua-ity of the di-ution air must be 5ud.ed to be odor-free by a--
,ane- members and the ,ane- moderator*
(i-ution 4actor: A dimension-ess factor based on the ratio of sam,-e f-ow into the tota- f-ow*
Sam,-e ca-cu-ation:
di-ution air f-ow rate$ actua- 176% m-Cmin
sam,-e f-ow rate$ actua- "76*1 m-Cmin
di-ution factor H 176% I "76*1 H +7*%
"76*1

-6-
8$% C#!i)r#tion
!he f-ow rates of the o-factometer shou-d be ca-ibrated re.u-ar-y usin. a ,rimary vo-ume
measurin. device <i*e* soa, bubb-e f-ow meter=* !o obtain consistent and accurate va-ues$ the f-ow
rates of both the di-ution <odor-free= air and the sam,-e f-ows shou-d be measured at a-- de-ivery
settin.s severa- times and avera.ed to ensure stabi-ity*
&n addition to ca-ibration of the individua- o-factometer f-ow contro- com,onents$ the entire
system shou-d be ca-ibrated with an '0S traceab-e$ certified tracer .as <e*.* methane$ butane$
etc*= and a suitab-e ana-ytica- techni2ue* !he reference .as used for system ca-ibration shou-d not
adsorb on the o-factometer com,onents and shou-d ,roduce a -inear res,onse on the detector* &n
addition to verifyin. the di-ution -eve-s ,roduced by the o-factometer$ this ,rocedure is a-so
necessary to document the res,onse time and stabi-ity of the di-utions*
!he fre2uency of ca-ibration is de,endent u,on usa.e$ trans,ort$ area of a,,-ications$ etc* but
shou-d be ,erformed at -east " times ,er year with re.u-ar usa.e*
8$% Si9e o" P#ne!
!he fo--owin. minimum number of ,ane-ists are re2uired:
- +6 ,ane-ists when .ood accuracy is re2uired to measure a thresho-d
estimate of a .rou,
- 7 ,ane-ists for a-- ,ractica- measurements
- 1 ,ane-ists for com,arative measurements
An increased number of ,ane-ists wi-- im,rove the accuracy of the measurement*
:$% Se!e&tion o" P#ne!ists
/ane-ists must be screened and trained* !hey shou-d be fami-iarized with the test ,rocedures$ and
tested for their abi-ity to detect at -east one standard reference odorant* !he ,ane-ists are ran;ed
in order of their sensitivity to the reference odorant<s=* enera--y$ those individua-s re,resentin.
9norma-9 sensitivity are se-ected to serve as ,ane-ists*
Recommended /ane- Screenin. /rocedure:
Screenin. for detection of n-butano- and at -east one other odorant shou-d be conducted usin.
a2ueous so-utions* &nitia--y$ a sub-thresho-d concentration of the se-ected odorant in disti--ed
-7-
water is com,ared to two bott-es containin. on-y disti--ed$ odor-free <trian.u-ar ,resentation=
water* !he candidate is as;ed to ,ic; the bott-e containin. the odorant* A series of simi-ar
trian.u-ar ,resentations are made in an ascendin. series with the odorant concentrations doub-in.
at each ste,*
!he second screenin. ,rocedure invo-ves fami-iarization of the ,otentia- candidates with the
o-factometric ,rocedures and determines each individua-sJ detection thresho-d for:
standardized concentration on n- butano- and
an odor sam,-e or ,re,ared standard re,resentative of the s,ecific study or ,ro5ect*
!he screenin. sam,-es shou-d be run in tri,-icate* !o be acce,ted as a ,ane-ist$ the .eometric
mean of the individua- detection thresho-ds shou-d be within %*3 and " times the acce,ted
reference va-ue for the reference materia- used*
Odor /ane- Ru-es:
/ane- members shou-d be at -east +6 years of a.e
#% minutes ,rior to and durin. an odor ,ane- session ,ane-ists are not be a--owed to eat or
drin; anythin. e:ce,t water*
/ane- members are not a--owed to use any ,erfumed body -otions$ ,erfumes$ etc*
1%$% D#t# E5#!u#tion
After a-- ,ane-ists have eva-uated a series of di-utions for the test sam,-e$ individua- ,ane-istsD best
estimate thresho-ds <0E!= are determined* !he 0E! for a ,ane-ist is the .eometric mean of that
di-ution -eve- <or e2uiva-ent concentration= at which the first ,oint <hi.hest di-ution -eve-= of a
consistent-y correct series of <I= res,onses <with some de.ree of certainty= and the di-ution -eve-
,rior to this ,oint* A-- res,onses indicated by the ,ane-ists as bein. .uesses are disre.arded*
-8-
e:am,-e:
(i-ution @eve- +%%% 3%% "3% +"3 6# #" +6 7 1
An &ndividua-
/ane-istDs Res,onse
-
<=
I
<=
-
<=
-
<=
I
<(=
I
<R=
I
<R=
I
<R=
I
<R=
Huess (H(etection RHReco.nize
<,ossib-e <reco.nizab-e
difference= odor=
0E! H K<6#=<+"3 =L
+C"
H 78 <detection thresho-d=
K<#"=<6#=L
+C"
H 13 <reco.nition thresho-d=
!he ,ane- thresho-d is the .eometric mean of the 0E!s of the individua- ,ane-ists* !he .eometric
mean for n number of individua- ,ane-ists is:
<0E!
+
: 0E!
"
: 0E!
#
***** 0E!
n
=
+Cn
&f a more ,recise method of thresho-d determination is desired$ the method as described in AS!M
)ommittee E-+7 on Sensory Eva-uation <Standard Method for (efinin. and )a-cu-atin. Sensory
!hresho-ds from 4orced -)hoice (ata Sets of &ntermediate Size = shou-d be used
3
* !he ,rocedures
out-ined in this E-+7 methodo-o.y were deve-o,ed for data sets consistin. of more than +%%
,resentations* &f this re2uirement is met <as re2uired for many research a,,-ications= this
,rocedure shou-d be a,,-ied to the data to obtain the most accurate thresho-d estimate*
Re&ommen#tions
&t is the recommendation of the EE-Odor )ommittee and the EE-6 Odor Measurement
Standardization Sub-committee that this .uide-ine document be acce,ted by the AS!M E +7
Sensory )ommittee as a re,-acement of the current AS!M Method E668-8+* !he detai-s
,rovided in this document e:,and u,on the basic ,rinci,-es out-ined in E-668 and wi-- .o further
to standardize odor sam,-in. ,rocedures and odor measurement techni2ues which wi-- .reat-y
reduce the variabi-ity in re,orted odor data*
!hese .uide-ines and recommendations are res,ectfu--y submitted for your review and comment*
EE-6 Odor )ommittee on Standardization of Methods
-+%-
REFERENCES
+* Wade$ W* A*$ &&&$ M* )* !ower$ and S* )ha* !echnica- Re,ort to the &--inois E/A on the
Eva-uation of 4our Odor Measurement Systems* !R) /ro5ect 'o* #"#8%* Wethersfie-d$
)!*: !he Research )or,oration of 'ew En.-and$ +861*
"* Air /o--ution )ontro- Association <A/)A= !!-1 )ommittee (ynamic O-factometer
Round Robin &nter-aboratory !est Resu-ts +866$ +87%*
#* AS!M$ Standard /ractice for (etermination of Odor and !aste !hresho-ds by a
4orced-)hoice Ascendin. )oncentration Series Method of @imits$ E 668-8+* Annua-
0oo; of Standards$ American Society for !estin. and Materia-s$ /hi-ade-,hia$ /A*
1* Euro,ean Odour Standard$ ,rE' +#6"3 Air Aua-ity B (etermination of Odour$
)oncentration by (ynamic O-factometry$ (RA4! +%C"+C+888*
3* AS!M$ Standard Method for (efinin. and )a-cu-atin. Sensory !hresho-ds from
&ntermediate Size* AWMA E +7*%1*"3 Sensory !hresho-ds from 4orced-)hoice
(ata$ 6th (raft$ A,ri- +88%*
-++-++--

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