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TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR A KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND

PRACTICE (KAP) SURVEY

VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN PROGRAMMING IN TANZANIA
SAVE THE CHILDREN, EUROPEAID

MAY 2014

1. OVERVIEW

Save the Children International (Tanzania Office) is seeking the support of a qualified consultant
or a team of consultants to undertake a major field survey and data collection analysis using an
identified corporate tool to assess the level of existing knowledge, traditional views and
attitudes, and current practices concerning violence against children and the prevention and
response to violence against children, among targeted members of Tanzanian population, in
three key regions of the country.

2. WHAT IS A KAP SURVEY?

A Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Survey is a quantitative study of a specific population
to gather information on what people know, how they feel, and how they behave in relation to
a particular topic.
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A Child Protection KAP guide prepared by Save the Children should serve
as a key support to the selected consultant (s) in organizing and preparing for the targeted field
work.

3. BACKGROUND

In 2009, the Government of Tanzania, with the support of UNICEF and the US-funded Centers
for Disease Control, conducted the first ever national survey of violence against children on the
Tanzania mainland and in Zanzibar. The study, launched in 2011, revealed alarmingly high levels
of violence against children. It generated evidenced-based facts and figures about the situation
of sexual, physical and emotional violence against children revealing that:
Rates of sexual violence are high: 3 out of every 10 girls and 1 out of 7 boys report at least
one experience of sexual violence prior to the age of 18. Most sexual assaults occur in the
home or school
Children are physically abused mostly by adults they know and trust: Nearly 60% of
Tanzanian girls and boys who report physical abuse name a relative as the source,
Emotional abuse is high among Tanzanian children: Almost 80% of Tanzanian girls and 65%
of boys who experience emotional violence report a relative as their primary abuser.

Few children seek services and of those, even fewer receive them: Only about 1 out of 5 girls
and 1 out of 10 boys seek services after a traumatic experience with violence. Since the launch

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Surveys in Child Protection: A step by step guide for child protection programs
to the design and implementation of KAP survey/methods. Save the Children, December 2012.
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of the survey, a number of key milestone policies and events have taken place in the country to
begin to address the findings of the survey and respond to the alarming rates of abuse facing
Tanzanias children. Government of Tanzania authorities, national and international civil society
actors, and international donor community are working together to try to better address major
service and protection gaps for vulnerable and abused children, support effective policy dialogue
to ensure Ministerial follow-up action, and provide families and communities with the means to
take constructive action to protect vulnerable children in their communities. While not an
exhaustive list, some key milestones include:
Adoption of The Law of the Child Act 2009 for Mainland and the Childrens Act for
Zanzibar 2011
National Plan of Action to Prevent and Respond to Violence against Children (2013-16)
A Multi-Sector Task Force to oversee the implementation of the Plan
Violence Against Children Communication Strategy (2013-14) for Mainland and Zanzibar

4. ROLE OF SAVE THE CHILDREN AND OTHER PARTNERS

4.1 BACKGROUND

Save the Children is the world's leading independent organization for children. We work in
around 120 countries. We save children's lives; we fight for their rights; we help them fulfil
their potential. We work to inspire breakthroughs in the way the world treats children and to
achieve immediate and lasting change in their lives. Across all of our work, we pursue several
core values: accountability, ambition, collaboration, creativity and integrity.

In Tanzania, Save the Children has been active for more than 26 years, first, in Zanzibar and
then, as of 1994, on the Mainland initially as a response to the Rwandan refugee crisis.
Programming is now delivered in many regions across the country. In 2013, Save the Children
Tanzania reached 69,781 girls and 60,440 boys directly through our programmes, of which
11,355 children were reached through Child Protection Programmes. Some of the results of
our recent Child Protection efforts in 2013 include:
A pilot safe school model developed in 20 schools in Zanzibar, in support of the
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MoEVT) which has introduced positive
forms of discipline instead of corporal punishment, directly reaching 20,000 children
(12,000 girls).
Child protection guidelines developed, in support of MoEVT, which will be used by all
staff, including non-teaching staff, and includes all schools in Zanzibar.
Child protection guidelines strengthened on the Mainland (MoEVT) as a result of critical
inputs in the process of reviewing Teachers Code of Conduct 1962 and the
development of National Guideline for Establishing Child Protection in Schools.
A cumulative total of 1,826 children (38.8% girls and 36.5% of the target) who were
either working or were at risk of entering into hazardous labour were supported in
their return to school. Of these children only 28 (or 1.5%) dropped out of school
subsequently and went back to clove harvesting with their parents. A total of 497
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(49.7% of the target) of the poorest families, of the withdrawn children, were supported
to join income generating projects
In Zanzibar, five (5) One Stop Centres (OSC), an integrated one-stop response site for
victims of child/adolescent abuse, were established in collaboration with the Department
of Social Welfare, bringing the total number to six (6) by the end of 2013.
On the mainland, in efforts to strengthen the child protection system, multi-sectoral
Child Protection teams were established in three (3) districts: Hai, Magu and Temeke.
9,993 adults (6,004 female) have increased their knowledge and skills on child protection
and response services including the referral mechanisms. This represents 90% of the
project target. In the three pilot districts 5,420 children (2,981 female) were reached
through prevention and response services. In Shinyanga, one district level child
protection team, 10 ward and 30 village level child protection teams have been
established and trained. In Hai District, Save the Children supported the establishment
of a One Stop Centre in Hai District and trained 30 government personnel (medical
personnel, police and social welfare officers) in the running of the center.
And finally, by fulfilling a technical lead role in the National Child Protection Working
Group, Save the Children supported the completion of the National One Stop Centre
(OSC) Guidelines, officially launched by the Government in the last quarter 2013. We
also actively contributed to the establishment of seven regulations for the
implementation of the Law of the Child Act 2009.

Meanwhile, a mid-term evaluation in 2012 of Save the Children and UNICEFs Child Protection
Strengthening System initiative highlighted the following key findings, to date:
Enhanced collaboration among members of child protection teams at village and ward
levels, including a range of actors from community development officers, social welfare
officers to police, magistrates, doctors, and education officers resulting in stronger and
more effective child protection efforts.
Increased collaboration among districts to ensure advocacy at the national level to
document the importance of Child protection teams.
Meanwhile, a planned Child Protection Management Information System that was
foreseen to be operational throughout all of the key districts has seen its
implementation delayed, however, there is some essential data collection that is
occurring that is beginning to help feed the monitoring of cases across the country
however, not in a coherent manner.

Efforts have been made to incorporate these recommendations into ongoing work.

4.2 NEW PROGRAMMING

Save the Children is currently implementing two new programs in Tanzania with support from
the European Unions Europe Aid Investing in People Fund. The program Community
Initiatives to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Children in Tanzania is a Save the
Children lead initiative (1.5 Million Euros, 3 years) which will work in 3 districts of Tanzania
(Shinyanga Rural, Kahama (Tanzania Mainland), North A, Unguja (Zanzibar) with key local
partners.
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In a second initiative, Save the Children will work in collaboration with UNICEF and Plan
International to build upon the results achieved of the previous Child Protection Systems
Strengthening Initiative in the new: Preventing and Responding to Violence Against Children in
Tanzania: Linking Community Systems to a national model for child protection. Save the
Children will implement the joint project in two key districts (Shinyanga Municipal and Unguja
West (Zanzibar).

On the solo project, Save the Children in Tanzania will work to achieve the following overall
objective: to contribute to the protection of children in Tanzania against all forms of violence in
their families, communities and schools.

The specific objective: to strengthen measures for detecting, preventing and responding to
issues of violence against children in the home, school and communities in 3 districts in
Tanzania.

The four key expected results:
1. Increased understanding and awareness of harmful practices against children, amongst
children, families, communities and religious leaders in 3 key districts;
2. Increased access to quality, accountable child protection services and One Stop Centres
in the communities and institutions by vulnerable children and their families in 3
targeted districts;
3. Increased capacity in schools to combat violence against children through improved
child protection and safeguarding policies and mechanisms;
4. Strengthened national and district child protection mechanisms, including a database for
improved reporting and follow up on cases of violence against children.

The joint UNICEF/Save the Children/Plan International project objective is: to contribute to
reduce all forms of violence against children, especially against girls, in Tanzania. A separate
KAP survey exercise will be undertaken by UNICEF to establish a project baseline for the joint
programming initiative.

5. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE KAP SURVEY:

In addition to the existing national level data on violence against children in Tanzania, the Save
the Children Tanzania Office is interested in gaining insights into prevailing knowledge,
attitudes and practices in specific project locations with a view to establishing a project
baseline and planning the intervention (including communications, awareness-raising, prevention
activities) accordingly. The study hopes to cover (but is not restricted to) the following issues:

Knowledge of caregivers, children and other community members of what constitutes
violence against children.
Knowledge of children and caregivers of existing mechanisms, organisations and
legislation that exists to support those affected by violence and abuse.
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Existing practices which may be harmful and constitute violence against children.
Attitudes and beliefs towards violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation. Existing
community mechanisms that promote or threaten the protection of children.
Attitudes, knowledge and practices of child discipline in the home, school and
community.

This study will seek to understand some of the factors that drive violence and abuse against
children in the project areas. The findings of this formative research will guide Save the
Children and its partners in fine-tuning its communications for development strategies at
community level toward preventing and addressing the issue of violence against children. In
addition to this, the study will provide baseline values for the Save the Children EU-funded
Violence against Children solo initiative.

These indicators cover a range of target groups and are as follows:

40% Caregivers, children and other community members demonstrate increased
knowledge on violence against children by the end of project 30% increase in number of
children and caregivers who answer correctly what to do and who to turn to in the case
of violence and abuse by the end of the project
30% increase among parents, caregivers and other community and religious leaders
reporting that any form of violence against children (physical, sexual and emotional) is
unacceptable by the end of project
90% of teachers, staff and management who demonstrate increased knowledge and
awareness of what constitutes violence against children by the end of the project.
20% increase among children who report feeling safer in their "safe school compared
with other schools by the end of the project

6. SCOPE OF THE BASELINE SURVEY

The KAP survey will be conducted in sampled districts in 3 regions where Save the Children is
ramping up its Community Initiatives to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Children
program: Shinyanga Rural, Kahama (Tanzania Mainland), North A, Unguja (Zanzibar).

6.1. SPECIFIC TASKS
A Consultant or a team of consultants will working closely in the design, planning and
implementation phase of the KAP Survey with the Save the Children Tanzania, Child Protection
Manager and the Monitoring and Evaluation Manager, with support from Save the Children UK.

The consultant (s) will undertake the following tasks:

Attend briefing with Save the Children project teams;
Undertake extensive document review to familiarize with the existing data on child
protection including the 2011 national survey results;
Develop a sampling methodology to ensure findings are representative at district level;
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Develop KAP survey framework and methodology and refine according to Save the
Children KAP corporate guidelines (in annex) and feedback received from Save the
Children officials;
Develop baseline survey tools and conduct validation and field testing of the same;
Develop the survey plan;
Train enumerators, as required;
Conduct the collection of data in designated field sites;
Conduct data analyses;
Prepare the survey draft and final reports as per Save the Children standard; and,
Hold debriefing meetings and present draft report to Save the Children Violence Against
Children program team in Shinyanga and Zanzibar.

This assignment shall be carried out based on gender equality and rights perspective; i.e. analysis
made and findings presented shall have specific gender roles and responsibilities.

6.2 DELIVERABLES
The consultants should deliver the following outputs and services:

A list of key issues/topics that require program team consideration and input at outset
to assist in the design of KAP survey: sample size; regional, ethnic considerations; level
of disaggregation (gender, household make-up, disability)
Detailed KAP survey framework/design and implementation plan agreed with the
project team
A written protection plan outlining action to be taken and roles and responsibilities in
the event of disclosures or concerns relating to situations of abuse, violence, neglect or
exploitation by children or adults during data collection.
Development and finalization of the survey tools
Orientation /training of the survey team, if applicable.
Present the findings and recommendations of the survey to the team in Dar es Salaam.
Complete dataset (in Excel, Stata. SPSS or any other easily accessible format) for the
study and other raw data such as filled-in questionnaire formats.
Produce final Survey report written in English and not exceeding 30 pages, excluding
annexes

6.3 REPORTING AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES
Baseline survey report based on existing data, interviews and analytical work, with, but not
limited to, the following content:

Executive summary summary of the survey with particular emphasis on the main
findings.
Methodology of work.
Detailed analyses of each indicator findings, with data sources where applicable.
The first draft report shall be submitted to the Save the Children electronically and in 3
hardcopies no later than 8
th
August 2014.
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Within two weeks of receiving Save the Childrens comments on the draft report, a final
version shall be submitted to Save the Children, again electronically and in 3 hardcopies
by 31 August 2014.
The final consolidated survey report shall be written in English and shall not exceed 30
pages, excluding annexes.
The mid-term evaluation report must be presented in a way that enables publication
without further editing.

6.4 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND SAFEGUARDING
As the consultant(s) will be working on behalf of Save the Children, they will be required to
adhere to the Child Safeguarding Policy and ethical guidelines. The consultant (s) will receive
training on and sign the Save the Childrens Safeguarding Policy. Background checks will be
undertaken on all applicants.

Ethical and safeguarding considerations must be taken into account during all stages of data
collection and analysis, avoiding causing further harm to children and their caretakers. Particular
attention must be paid to the potential to cause harm during interactions with children and
their families as well as during the storing, handling, sharing and analysis of data.

The consultant (s) will make clear to all participating stakeholders especially children of all ages
that they are under no obligation to participate in the study. All participants will be assured that
there will be no negative consequences if they choose not to participate. The consultant must
obtain informed consent from all participants, including children and their care-giver if a child is
to be interviewed. The consultant will assure the participants the anonymity, confidentiality and
will assure them that the data collected is protected and will be used for agreed purposes only.

7. EXPERTISE REQUIRED
The following attributes are requirements for the selection of the consultant (s):
Advanced university degree in communications for development or social sciences;
Knowledge of techniques in social and community mapping and social mobilization;
Five (5) to Seven (7) years of demonstrated experience in research, data collection and
quantitative and qualitative data analysis;
Working experiences and/or knowledge of issues around Violence against children and
protection;
Knowledge and experience of the ethical and safeguarding considerations pertinent to
carrying out research involving or relating to children, particularly in relation to
violence, abuse, neglect or exploitation.
Excellent report writing and good communication skills in English; and
As asset, communication skills in Swahili.
Applications for the consultancy can be applied separately or as a team or by a firm. If the
Consultant plans to undertake the evaluation together with co-consultant (s) the CV (s) shall be
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presented during application.

8. TIME FRAME
The consultant shall work for not more than 2.5 months as indicated in table below,
including travel time. The time will be allocated to a preliminary desk study for revision/analysis
of existing documents, visits to relevant authorities and agencies including field trips, analysis,
preparation of draft and final reports, debriefing and discussions with stakeholders for feedback
on draft and preparation of the final report.

No Deliverable Timeline Payment
1 Anticipated starting Date: latest 2
nd
of June 2014
Key Questions/Issues for Program Team Review
June 10 10%
2 Inception Report articulating Research methodology, field work
plan and sampling strategy
June 15 15 %
3 Questionnaires in English and Kiswahili (tested) and Field work
plan
July 5 20%
4 Draft report of the KAP findings including summary of the major
findings
August 5 20%
5 Final Report of the KAP with Executive Summary of the major
findings (including initial baseline values), power point
presentation of the findings, summary of the Focus Group
Discussions/Key informers, photos, complete data set
August 15 35%

9. SUPPORT AVAILABLE
Save the Children will: Provide a consolidated literature review (on a USB key) upon contract
signature; Facilitate and coordinate the survey process with field offices to assist in the
collection of the required data; pay the professional fee and other arising costs from the
contract; provide logistical support (transport, accommodation, food, etc during the
assignment), and review/comment on methods and other outputs of the evaluation.

10. SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT
The overall supervision of the KAP Survey will rest with Save the Children Child Protection
Manager. The consultant will report to Monitoring and Evaluation Manager.

11. TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Code of conduct: Because Save the Children's work is based on deeply held values and
principles, it is essential that our commitment to children's rights and humanitarian
principles is supported and demonstrated by all members of staff. Save the Children's Child
Safeguarding Policy and Code of Conduct sets out the standards which all staff members
must adhere to. The consultant will be bound by the principles and conditions of Save the
Childrens Child Safeguarding Policy and Code of Conduct.
Logistics: The consultants travel from base to the field and back after the end of the
contract, food, and accommodation will be covered by Save the Children.
Professional fee: The consultant will come up with his/her own rate as part of their
financial proposal.
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Tax and insurance: The consultants shall be responsible for their income tax and/or
insurance during the assignment
Contract will be signed by the evaluators upon commencement of the evaluation which will
detail additional terms and conditions of service, aspects on inputs and deliverables.

12. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS:
All expressions of interest should include:
Cover letter: A short (maximum two pages) letter expressing his/her interest and
related experience;
Technical Proposal (maximum eight pages) including:
o profile(s) of the Consultant(s) or curriculum vitae of the individual(s); (3 pages)
o understanding of the task to be accomplished (1 page);
o draft survey framework and work plan (3 to 4 pages)
Financial Proposal: The financial proposal should provide a preliminary budget of cost
estimates for services rendered including:
o daily consultancy fees;
o costs related to field travel (between Dar es Salaam and field sites (3);
o Enumerator (s) per diem
o accommodation and living costs;
o stationeries,
o other miscellaneous supplies needed for data collection;
o Data collection and data processing costs are on the account of the Consultant.

The Consultant should also use his/her own computer.

Applications should include two references and two samples of previous work. Please submit
your proposal by May 21, 2014 and via email to Tanzania.Cd@savethechildren.org
Please note in the subject of your return email: SAVE THE CHILDREN KAP SURVEY
CONSULTANCY 2014.