CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Cyst is a closed cavity or sac that is lined by epithelium in the section , and the center filled with
liquid or semisolid material . The sign , when epithelial cells grown in a period , the central part
of the lost sources of nutrients peripheral tissues . This change causes necrosis in the center of a
cavity is formed , and creates a cyst . Cysts of the oral cavity can diklasifikasinkan into two
classes, namely cysts odontogenic and non- odontogenic cysts . In addition odontogenic cysts
can also occur during the development process as well as inflammation . Cysts treated with
enucleation or surgical procedure with marsupialization . In the surgical procedure the clinician
should also consider the patient's general health condition that may affect the future success of
the treatment .
Background formulation of this paper is to fulfill a task that has been given by the lecturer . This
paper discusses the epidermoid cyst . This paper was prepared by the distortions and
abnormalities were found in the oral cavity . Here a team of writers trying to explain the
materials needed as a reference in order to enhance the topics to be discussed .

1.2 Objectives
The purpose of the preparation of this material is to open a window of knowledge about the
problems of the epidermoid cyst . Hope the team of writers is that this paper is not only
beneficial for the team that compiled it, but useful also for them that need to reference or reading
material alone .

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
2.1 Definition of epidermoid cysts
Epidermoid cyst is a cyst form that is most often the case , comes from the proliferation of cells -
the cells of the epidermis and contains keratin . The understanding than epidermoid cyst is a
lump that develops slowly consists of a thin sac on the skin contain ingredients such as cheese -
like substance in the skin secretions . Epidermoid cysts , are often incorrectly referred to as
sebaceous cysts , that is flesh colored with a length ranging from to 2 inches across . They had
to be seen anywhere , but most commonly on the scalp , back , and face . These cysts tend to be
robust and easy to move on the skin . Cysts epiderma not feel pain until they become infected or
inflamed .
Epidermoid cysts is limited by the epidermis , which looks like epithelium that occur in the oral
cavity .

2.2 Causes and Risk Factors epidermoid cyst
Some factors that may cause the abnormal proliferation of cells , including :
Damage to the hair follicle . Each hair grows from the follicle , a small pocket of modified skin
in the dermis , the skin layer just below the epidermis . Follicles are damaged due to injuries ,
such as abrasions or surgical wounds , can become blocked by the surface cells .
A sebaceous glands rupture . Located just above the hair follicle , the sebaceous glands produce
sebum , the oil that lubricates the skin and wrap each hair shaft . These glands are easily broken
by inflammatory skin conditions , especially acne , giving rise to epidermoid cyst
The development of disability. Epidermoid cysts can begin on the development of fetal stem
cells to form a skin, hair or nails become trapped within the cell to form other tissues.
Heredity. Epidermoid cysts may develop in the Gardner syndrome, a rare genetic disorder that
causes growths in the colon, or basal cell nevus syndrome, an inherited disease that leads to some
serious defects.

Epidermoid cysts on the forehead of a patient with Gardner's syndrome
Epidermoid cyst is rare in children, but often occurs in young adulthood and middle age.
Epidermoid cysts are usually asymptomatic. It also may cause swelling of the patient.
Almost everyone there is one or more of epidermoid cysts, but these factors make the body more
vulnerable:
Adult. Although they can occur at any age, epidermoid cysts rarely appear before puberty.
A man. Men become more likely to have epidermoid cysts.
Have a history of acne epidermoid. Cysts especially common in people who have had acne.
After exposure to sunlight. These cysts occur in men and women with a long history of sun
exposure.
Skin injuries. Traumatic to the skin as a result of slamming his hand, increasing the risk of an
epidermoid cyst.

2.3 An epidermoid cyst Histopatologist
Epidermoid cysts microscopically showed the typical picture is:
Cyst wall composed of epidermis with the same structure as the epidermis to the skin surface
with the stratum granulosum clear.
Lumen cyst contains keratin material composed of multi - layered.
Form a layer of squamous epithelium that undergo parakeratinisasi and has a thickness of
between 6-10 layers.



The epidermis is the layer of granular and keratinous

Keratinous material containing cysts

2.4 Clinical picture epidermoid cyst
These cysts are often found in areas that many sebaseanya glands, such as the face, neck, chest,
back, scalp and attached gingiva. Lesions form a dome shape with a diameter of nodules varied,
smooth surface, easily moved from its base, but is usually attached to the overlying skin. Can be
single or multiple, hard consistency, and lost in the emphasis. Overlying skin looks mormal, pale
or yellowish, slow growth, and asymptomatic. The contents of the cyst form of time and smelled
like cheese. Another common location is on the lateral tongue, oral floor, lateral pharyngeal
walls, and soft palate.
Swelling, pain, and can grow up to an inch in diameter grew meters. If the cyst is found on the
neck or tongue, it can interfere with breathing, talking and eating.

Epidermoid cysts have a clinical picture similar to other cysts that can not be used as a diagnostic
indicator. Although radiographs can provide a clear picture of epidermoid cysts, but for
histopathological diagnosis needs to be done.

Full of small yellowish-keratin cysts (arrows) is found under the lip mucosa.


Cysts on the palate



epidermoid cyst in the sublingual

2.5 Overview Radiography
Epidermoid cyst is a cyst in the soft tissue so using CT or MRI . These cysts have clear
boundaries and surrounding soft tissues more opaque . Radiolucent internal structure .
2.6 Treatment and epidermoid cyst
Epidermoid cysts generally do not require any treatment . When do cause interference excision
or dissection with incision around the cyst wall . When the wall behind, the cyst can be cured .
Destruction of the cyst wall with a curette , liquid chemical , or elektrodesikasi give
unsatisfactory results .
Treatment options that can be done is :
Corticosteroid injections . Injected during inflammation .
Incision and drainage . In this procedure , the doctor makes a small cut in the cyst and reveal its
contents . Although incision and drainage is relatively quick and easy , cysts often recur after this
treatment .
Total excision . This surgical technique removes the entire cyst and prevent cyst recurrence .
Excision is most effective when the cyst is not inflamed . Your doctor may recommend first
treating the inflammation with antibiotics , steroids , or incision and drainage and then wait for
excision for four to six weeks after completing inflammation . Total excision requires stitches .
The doctor will remove the stitches in a week or so of the total cyst excision .
Minimal excision . Some doctors prefer this technique because it is done to eliminate the entire
cyst wall but causing minor injuries . During the procedure , the doctor makes a small incision in
the cyst , revealing the contents , and then remove the cyst wall through the incision . Minor
wound is usually left and will heal naturally .
Lasers . To minimize scarring , the doctor may use a carbon dioxide laser to vaporize an
epidermoid cyst on your face or other sensitive areas .

CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 Conclusion
Cyst is a closed cavity or sac that is lined by epithelium in the section , and the center filled with
liquid or semisolid material . The sign , when epithelial cells grown in a period , the central part
of the lost sources of nutrients peripheral tissues . This change causes necrosis in the center of a
cavity is formed , and creates a cyst . Cysts of the oral cavity can diklasifikasinkan into two
classes, namely cysts odontogenic and non- odontogenic cysts .
Epidermoid cyst is a cyst form that is most often the case , comes from the proliferation of cells -
the cells of the epidermis and contains keratin . The understanding than epidermoid cyst is a
lump that develops slowly consists of a thin sac on the skin contain ingredients such as cheese -
like substance in the skin secretions . Epidermoid cysts is limited by the epidermis , which looks
like epithelium that occur in the oral cavity .
Epidermoid cysts generally do not require any treatment . When do cause interference excision
or dissection with incision around the cyst wall . When the wall behind, the cyst can be cured .
Destruction of the cyst wall with a curette , liquid chemical , or elektrodesikasi give
unsatisfactory results .





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