Name Mechanism of

Action
Indication Contraindication Adverse effects Nursing
responsibilities
Risperidone Blocks dopamine
and serotonin
receptors in the
brain, depresses
the RAS;
anticholinergic,
antihistaminic,
and alpha-
adrenergic
blocking activity
may contribute to
some of its
therapeutic and
adverse actions.
Treatment of
schiophrenia
!elaying
relapse in
long-term
treatment of
schiophrenia
Short-term
treatment of
acute manic
or mi"ed
episodes
associated
#ith bipolar $
disorder;
alone or in
combination
#ith lithium or
valproate %oral
only&

'ontraindicate
d #ith
hypersensitivit
y to
risperidone,
lactation.
(se
cautiously
#ith ')
disease,
pregnancy,
renal or
hepatic
impairment,
hypotension.
CNS:Insomnia,
anxiety, agitation,
headache,
somnolence,
aggression,
diiness, tardive
dyskinesias
CV:*rthostatic
hypotension,
arrhythmias
Dermatologic:
Rash, dry skin,
seborrhea,
photosensitivity
GI: Nausea,
vomiting,
constipation,
abdominal
discomfort, dry
mouth, increased
saliva
Respiratory:Rhini
tis, coughing,
sinusitis,
pharyngitis,
dyspnea.
Other: 'hest
pain, arthralgia,
+aintain
seiure
precautions,
especially
#hen initiating
therapy and
increasing
dosage.
+onitor
patient
regularly for
signs and
symptoms of
diabetes
mellitus.
+onitor T. ,f
fever occurs,
rule out
underlying
infection, and
consult
physician for
appropriate
comfort
measures.
back pain, fever,
neuroleptic
malignant
syndrome,
diabetes mellitus,
hyperglycemia

-ame +echanism of
Action
,ndication 'ontraindication Adverse effects -ursing
responsibilities
Diphenhydramin
e hydrochloride
Action on blood
vessel, .,,
respiratory tract
by antagoniing
the effects of
histamine for /$-
Receptor site
decreases allergic
response by
blocking histamine
caused increased
heart
rate,vasodilation
secretions;
significant '-S
depressant and
anti cholinergic
it is used for
the
symptomatic
relief of
allergic
conditions
including
urticaria and
angio
edema.!iphe
nhydramine
issued for it
sabtimis
carinic
properties in
the control of
parkinsonism
and drug-
induced
e"trapyramida
l disorders
(se #ith other
products
containing
diphenhydram
ine
/ypersensitivi
ty to
antihistamines
*rthostatic
hypotension
0alpitations
!ro#siness
Sedation
!isturbed
coordination
Assess
respiratory
status1 rate,
rhythm and
increase in
bronchial
secretions
#heeing and
chest
tightness1
provide fluids
to 23 day to
decrease
secretion
thickness
-ame +echanism of
Action
,ndication 'ontraindication Adverse effects -ursing
responsibilities
Biperiden /'l Synthetic
anticholinergic
drug,blocks
cholinergic
responses in the
'-S
0arkinsonian
syndrome
especially to
counter act
muscular rigidity
and tremor;
e"trapyramidal
symptoms
(ntreated narro#
angle glaucoma,
intestinal stenosis
or
obstruction,mega
colon, prostatic
hypertrophy, life
threatening
tachycardia
'-S and peripheral
effects, skin
rashes,
dyskinesia, ata"ia,
t#itching,
impaired speech,
micturition
difficulties.
4atigue, diiness,
at higher doses,
restlessness,
agitation, an"iety,
confusion.
5Assess for
0arkinsonism,
60S.
5Assess for
mental status.
5Assess patient
response if anti-
cholinergics are
given.
5Assess for
tolerance over
longterm therapy,
dosage may have to
be increased or
changed.
5Avoid activities
that re7uire
alertness, may
cause diiness,
dro#siness and
blurring of vision
-ame +echanism of
Action
,ndication 'ontraindication Adverse effects -ursing
responsibilities
'o-Amo"iclav An antibiotic that
combines
amo"icillin and
clavulanic acid. ,t
destroys bacteria
bydisrupting their
ability to form cell
#alls.'lavulanic
acid blocks the
chemical defense,
kno#n as beta-
lactamase that
some bacteria
have against
penicillin8s.
'o-amo"iclav is
active against
bacterial
infections that
have become
resistant to
amo"icillin.
9no#n or
suspected
amo"icillin-
resistant
infections
including
respiratory tract,
skin and soft
tissue,
genitourinary, and
ear,nose and
throat
infections.6ffectiv
e against strains
of 6scherichia
coli,
0roteusmirabilis,/
aemophilus
influena,
Streptococcus
faecalis,
Streptococcus
pneumoniae and
some beta-
lactamase-
producing
organisms
0enicillin
hypersensitivity./i
story of co-
amo"iclav-
associated or
penicillin-
associated
:aundice or
hepatic
dysfunction
lethargy,
hallucinations,sei
ures, glossitis,
sore mouth, furry
tongue, black
;hairy tongue<,
nausea and
vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominalpain,
bloody
diarrhea,enterocol
itis
Assess bo#el
pattern before and
during treatment
as pseudo
membranous
colitis may
occur.=Report
hematuria or
oliguria as high
doses can be
nephroto"ic.=Asse
ss respiratory
status.=*bserve
for
anaphyla"is.=6ns
ure that the
ade7uate fluid
intake during any
diarrhea attack