FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Assignment 5

Dr. Osama Mohammad

Omar Fawaz Abbas

1004617

This question is solved in two different meshes, the first with 24 elements and the second with
96 elements.
Each element is consisted from four nodes, the total nodes are 37 node for the 24 elements mesh and
121 node for the other one.
Solution:

1
4

12

16

11

15

6
11

5
10
15

19

10

14

18

20

22

24

13

17

19

21

23

20

28

29

37
For the 24 elements the Global Matrix was 37 by 37 (attached as excel sheet),

elements 1,2,3,4,8,12,16,15,18,20,22,and 24 are under the convection effect.

Elements 1,5,9,13,17,19,21,and 23 are under constant temperature and thus their respective rows and
columns will be eliminated after adding their effects to the respective columns in the other rows.
The first element K matrix is:

The Natural

The Total Element Matrix is then defined as

Element 1 stiffness is as the following:

kx

ky
45

a,b

45
0.00375

0 5000000

30
-7.5
-15
-7.5

-7.5
30
-7.5
-15

-15
-7.5
30
-7.5

-7.5
30
-7.5
30

kp

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

kk

rq
70.3125
70.3125
70.3125
70.3125

r
30
0
0
30

8000

So the Total Element 1 Stiffness is:

100.3125
Ke1=

30

-7.5

-15

-7.5

-7.5

30

-7.5

30

-15

-7.5

30

-7.5

-7.5

-15

-7.5

30

R1=
70.3125
70.3125
100.3125

For Element 4
For element 4 there is convection on side 3 and uniform flux on side 4, therefor the effect of these sides
will affect the stiffness matrix as following:
The NBC for side 3&4 as bellow:
3
4

-55
0

1100
8000
r3

k3

0.1375

0.06875

4.125

0.06875

0.1375

4.125
r4

k4

30

30

The Total Stiffness Matrix will be:

Ke=

30
-7.5

-7.5
30

-15
-7.5

-15

-7.5

-7.5

-15

30.1375
7.43125

-7.5
30
7.43125
30.1375

r=

100.3125
70.3125
70.3125
100.3125

After doing the whole elements and assembling the Global stiffness matrix (attached in Excel sheet), the

results of Nodal Temperature as following:

Node
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
T17
T18
T19

Temp.
155.1581
153.712
152.0171
150.325
148.8868
153.3756
151.9367
150.2489
148.12
146.6892
145.5062
144.1464
142.5793
140.4048
135.0586
125.664
122.9451
121.7908
121.484

Node
T20
T21
T22
T23
T24
T25
T26
T27
T28
T29
T30
T31
T32
T33
T34
T35
T36
T37

Temp.
131.3674
130.1952
129.212
127.6206
124.9599
122.1815
120.074
119.2608
119.0421
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110

Solution for each element with its own shape function results on the following:

U
120.3906
137.8038
148.7412
153.5456
119.8518
136.5332
147.2278
151.9787
119.2082
134.9542
145.3383
150.1778
118.1451
132.011
142.5681
148.5053
116.7853
126.966
115.5639
122.7161
114.8337
121.0177
114.5757
120.3944

/
-78.1498
-168.802
-186.575
-192.332
-65.5423
-170.015
-216.991
-225.506
-106.097
-251.064
-286.897
-254.74
-177.377
-533.793
-451.801
-191.263
-185.232
-811.539
-140.496
-321.753
-54.2171
-131.169
-14.5744
-35.032

/
2770.84
1872.668
1043.976
237.1859
2627.148
1821.235
1030.658
236.2327
2455.509
1743.435
1025.65
264.8831
2172.034
1525.526
1289.718
293.5104
1809.425
905.4117
1483.698
423.5747
1288.985
360.0782
1220.194
331.4598

U for 24 element

Series4

Series3
140-160
120-140
Series2

100-120

Series1
1

/
2750-3000
Series4

2500-2750
2250-2500
2000-2250

Series3

1750-2000
1500-1750
1250-1500

Series2

1000-1250
750-1000

Series1
1

500-750
250-500
0-250

/
-75-0
Series4

-150--75
-225--150
-300--225

Series3

-375--300
-450--375

Series2

-525--450
-600--525
-675--600

Series1
1

-750--675
-825--750

For the 96 element Solution:

The Same Principal was used to solve this problem but the only difference is the element size in the
previous solution was divided into four equal squares, each one with L= 0.00375. the total elements
were 96 elements, and total nodes were 121.
The Global stiffness Matrix was 121X121.
Elements (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,16,24,32,40,48,56,64,63,62,61,68,72,76,80,84,88,92, and 96) are affected with

the convection and uniform flux and thus the NBC were applied on them.
Elements (1,9,17,25,33,41,49,57,65,69,73,77,81,85,89,and 93) have constant temperature of 110 C.
1

9
8

16

24

32

40

48

56

64

63

62

61

60

53
72

76

80

84

88

92

96

95

94

105

68

17

25

33

41

49

57

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

121

Series8
Series7
Series6
Series5
Series4

150-160
140-150

130-140
120-130

Series3

110-120

Series2
Series1
1

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

/
3000-3250
Series8
Series7
Series6
Series5

Series4

2750-3000
2500-2750
2250-2500
2000-2250
1750-2000
1500-1750
1250-1500

Series3
Series2

1000-1250
750-1000
500-750

Series1
1

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

250-500
0-250

/
Series8
Series7

Series6

-75-0
-150--75
-225--150
-300--225
-375--300

Series5

-450--375

Series4

-525--450
-600--525

Series3
Series2

-675--600
-750--675
-825--750

Series1
1

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

-900--825

The Temperature per each node was found to be:

Node
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
T17
T18
T19
T20
T21
T22
T23
T24
T25
T26
T27
T28
T29
T30

Temp.
155.2891
154.6018
153.87
153.0912
152.2689
151.4199
150.5883
149.8009
149.1491
155.1482
154.4599
153.7264
152.9439
152.1114
151.2394
150.3635
149.5917
148.8213
153.4862
152.7997
152.07
151.2873
150.4388
149.5144
148.5227
147.543
146.9718
150.2989
149.6181
148.9027

Node
T31
T32
T33
T34
T35
T36
T37
T38
T39
T40
T41
T42
T43
T44
T45
T46
T47
T48
T49
T50
T51
T52
T53
T54
T55
T56
T57
T58
T59
T60

Temp.
148.1343
147.2833
146.3087
145.1598
143.7737
142.9465
145.5728
144.9044
144.2224
143.4981
142.6847
141.7123
140.4659
138.7504
135.1422
128.5261
125.7957
124.0785
122.9854
122.2868
121.858
121.6263
121.5531
139.2808
138.6352
138.0165
137.3823
136.6714
135.7995
134.6379

Node
T61
T62
T63
T64
T65
T66
T67
T68
T69
T70
T71
T72
T73
T74
T75
T76
T77
T78
T79
T80
T81
T82
T83
T84
T85
T86
T87
T88
T89
T90

Temp.
132.8969
130.2931
127.4729
125.027
123.4937
122.4915
121.847
121.4503
121.2356
121.1677
131.3711
130.768
130.258
129.7761
129.2439
128.5867
127.7057
126.4985
124.9939
123.3763
121.9413
120.8441
120.0988
119.6102
119.3074
119.1432
119.0912
121.7543
121.22
120.9209

Node
T91
T92
T93
T94
T95
T96
T97
T98
T99
T100
T101
T102
T103
T104
T105
T106
T107
T108
T109
T110
T111
T112
T113
T114
T115
T116
T117
T118
T119
T120
T121

Temp.
120.6572
120.3713
120.0191
119.5575
118.9621
118.2536
117.5104
116.8309
116.2872
115.8952
115.6337
115.4705
115.3817
115.3536
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110
110

The Element Results were

e
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

U
/
115.7436 -71.2474
126.2784
-151.66
135.0138 -166.498
142.0983 -175.211
147.5985 -179.897
151.5507 -182.305
153.9735 -183.312
154.8747 -183.421
115.5352 -39.8835
125.7917 -107.893
134.4194 -150.501
141.4446
-173.42
146.9119 -186.308
150.8476 -192.679
153.264 -195.093
154.1645 -195.367
115.3945 -35.1526
125.403 -99.3983
133.8582 -148.803
140.7798 -181.124
146.1894 -199.018
150.0986
-206.81
152.5069 -208.689
153.4079 -208.159
115.2571 -38.1187
125.0121 -109.082
133.2684 -165.753
140.0591 -203.251
145.4001 -221.939
149.2859 -226.614
151.6954 -224.139
152.6039 -220.655
115.0976 -46.9654
124.5553 -134.588
132.5754 -203.876

/
3063.241
2555.315
2103.58
1674.82
1258.636
849.204
442.9446
37.70707
2952.11
2518.023
2083.426
1663.342
1252.539
846.5213
442.2071
38.06141
2877.074
2460.804
2048.633
1642.895
1242.204
842.6935
441.7416
38.78323
2803.803
2398.866
2004.495
1617.213
1231.304
841.1274
443.9029
40.63578
2718.719
2325.364
1952.038

e
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

U
139.217
144.4972
148.3863
150.826
151.7599
114.8941
123.9672
131.6825
138.1539
143.4117
147.3764
149.91
150.9028
114.6299
123.1809
130.4348
136.6878
142.0375
146.2498
149.0052
150.0861
114.3039
122.177
128.6706
134.2707
140.1532
145.3088
148.2319
149.3407
113.941
121.0336
126.5341
130.3586
113.5853
119.9147

/
-245.901
-259.594
-253.2
-239.52
-229.463
-61.5496
-179.018
-272.344
-321.073
-319.376
-285.402
-249.014
-227.674
-79.382
-240.34
-393.097
-460.86
-413.535
-315.442
-233.532
-207.878
-94.4654
-295.08
-547.787
-828.274
-591.397
-186.456
-26.5628
-189.64
-99.0888
-314.768
-591.708
-1258.17
-90.6099
-281.951

/
1590.147
1225.988
848.163
453.0217
45.05673
2610.204
2228.788
1886
1565.432
1238.707
875.813
475.4391
54.03596
2469.272
2091.293
1777.412
1557.528
1295.634
950.9536
518.597
57.87177
2295.425
1903.568
1559.673
1427.016
1710.348
1039.273
519.7605
71.60593
2101.871
1680.828
1252.766
786.9766
1912.172
1463.506

e
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96

U
124.4544
126.7054
113.2795
118.9759
122.8265
124.5987
113.0456
118.2813
121.732
123.2623
112.8822
117.8095
121.0119
122.4027
112.776
117.5055
120.5537
121.8605
112.713
117.3257
120.2841
121.5425
112.6838
117.2424
120.1594
121.3957

/
-517.457
-690.178
-72.4857
-218.77
-350.723
-433.394
-52.2694
-151.65
-233.009
-279.374
-34.8657
-100.005
-151.074
-179.085
-21.7648
-62.1358
-93.2696
-110.067
-11.8396
-33.7424
-50.5252
-59.5217
-3.74916
-10.6786
-15.9766
-18.8103

/
957.6432
242.9203
1749.077
1288.976
764.7134
180.4586
1624.321
1168.067
672.3104
143.826
1537.186
1090.682
617.2668
124.4944
1480.556
1041.802
583.9433
113.01
1446.951
1013.132
564.6962
106.4635
1431.363
999.889
555.8588
103.4707

Selective Nodes comparison:

To compare between the results, a selective nodes were taken with their values and were compared to
the responded nodes in the other solution:

Node
1
22
15

24
Temp.
155.1581
129.212
135.0586

Node
1
75
45

96
Temp.
155.2891
129.2439
135.1422

From the above table we can conclude that the temperatures are pretty the same but the only
difference is that the mesh refined the gradation of the temperature, instead of one jump between
node 21 to 22 in the 24 elements, there was an interval between the equivalent elements in the 96
mesh.

24 Elements
Element U
/
/
1
120.3906 -78.1498 2770.84
4
153.5456 -192.332 237.1859
23
114.5757 -14.5744 1220.194
24
120.3944
-35.032 331.4598

96 Elements
Element U
/
1
115.7436 -71.2474
8
154.8747 -183.421
93
112.6838 -3.74916
96
121.3957 -18.8103

/
3063.241
37.70707
1431.363
103.4707

In the Elements Results, we can see a huge difference between the two results. A drop in temperatures
were recorded ranging from 1-5 degrees and huge drop in the change in temperature in both X and Y
directions. Thus in order to get a results mimics the actual behavior, we need to reduce the mesh size
until any further meshing will slightly affect the results.