Name ___________________________ Period _____

Physics: Second Semester Final Exam Review

Conservation of Energy
KEY CONCEP: The total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) of an object is conserved. Find the total mechanical
energy at the beginning and that !ill be the total at the end.
". # hot air balloon is hovering in the air !hen it drops a $% &g food package to some lost golfers. 'f the package is dropped
from an altit(de of )%% m and air resistance can be neglected ho! fast is the package moving !hen it hits the gro(nd*
!""#$% m&s'
+. Tyler is sliding do!n a frictionless ") m tall hill. ,e starts at the top !ith a velocity of "%.% m-s. .hat is his velocity at the
bottom of the hill* !("#)* m&s'
KEY CONCEP: The !ork re/(ired to change the speed of an object is e/(al to the change in kinetic energy of the object.
That0s the .ork12nergy Theorem. .ork 3 Force 4 distance.
5. #t the end of the 6hock .ave roller coaster ride the 7%%%1kg train of cars (incl(des passengers) is slo!ed from a speed of
+% m-s to a speed of ) m-s over a distance of +% meters. 8etermine the braking force re/(ired to slo! the train of cars by this
amo(nt. !+%*,%$ N'
-oment.m and /m0.lse
KEY CONCEP: Total moment(m is conserved. Force 4 time 3 'mp(lse. 'mp(lse 3 9hange in :oment(m.
". # person on roller blades !ith a mass of ;% kg thro!s a ball !ith a mass of ") kg. The person thro!s the ball !ith a
speed of ).% m-s. .hat is the speed of the person after the ball is thro!n* !+(#$1 m&s'
+. # brake !ith a force of +% Ne!tons is applied for "% seconds to stop a +% kilogram model car moving at 5% meters per
second. .hat is the magnit(de of the imp(lse to stop the car* !,$$ N s'
5. # sticky ball that has a mass of 5 kg is thro!n !ith a velocity of <m-s at a stationary cart that has a mass of "% kg. 'f
the ball sticks to the side of the cart !hat is the moment(m of the t!o objects moving together* !(#)% m&s'
Name ___________________________ Period _____
Sim0le -achines
KEY CONCEP: .ork inp(t is the !ork done by the (ser of the machine. .ork o(tp(t is the !ork accomplished. The
!ork o(tp(t is al!ays less than the !ork inp(t.
". =o( are (sing a lever to lift the edge of a heavy rock in order to slide a roller (nder it. The rock !eighs ))%% N. =o( are
able to e4ert a force of $5% N and move the handle of the lever ".)% meters. The rock lifts a distance of %.%>%% meters.
#) .hat are the inp(t and o(tp(t !ork done* (2in 3 *4% 56 2o.t 3 4"* 5'
?) .hat is the mechanical advantage of the lever* !-7 3 (,#1"'
+. # !orker p(shes a )%.%1kg cylinder (p a frictionless incline at constant speed to a height of 51meters. # diagram of the
sit(ation is sho!n at right.
,o! m(ch !ork is done lifting the cylinder (p the 5.%m height* !(41(#% 5'
,o! m(ch force is re/(ired to p(sh the cylinder (p the incline* !,4%#,% N'
,o! m(ch force !o(ld be re/(ired to lift the cylinder !itho(t the ramp* !4"$#% N'
.hat is the mechanical advantage of the ramp* !,'
Circ.lar -otion
KEY CONCEP: @bjects tend to go in a straight line. 'f an object is moving in a circle there m(st be a centripetal force in
the direction of the center of the circle.
". .hich of the follo!ing statements are tr(e of an object moving in a circle at a constant speed* 'ncl(de all that apply.
a. The object e4periences a force !hich has a component directed parallel to the direction of motion.
b. 'nertia ca(ses objects to move in a circle.
c. ?eca(se the speed is constant the acceleration is Aero.
d. The acceleration and the net force vector are directed perpendic(lar to each other.
e. /f the net force acting .0on the o89ect is s.ddenly red.ced to :ero6 then the o89ect wo.ld s.ddenly de0art
from its circ.lar 0ath and travel tangent to the circle.
f. The acceleration of the object is directed tangent to the circle.
+. # race car travels aro(nd a flat horiAontal circ(lar track !ith a radi(s of )%.% meters. The mass of the race car is $%% kg.
The ma4im(m centripetal force the track can e4ert on the tires of the race car is +$%%N. .hat is the ma4im(m speed the
race car can go !itho(t sliding off the track* !(1#;, N'
5. # %.+%%1kg object is tied to the end of a cord and !hirled in a horiAontal circle of radi(s ".+% meters at a constant 5.%
revol(tions-second. Find the acceleration of the object and the tension in the cord. (,intB The tension in the cord is the so(rce
of the centripetal force.) !ac 3 4,*#;1 m&s
,
6 F 3 )%#,1 N'
Name ___________________________ Period _____
Electrostatics
". .hich of the follo!ing are tr(e of static charges* 9hoose all that apply.
a# <i=e charges re0el#
b. @pposite charges repel.
c# 7 0ositively charged o89ect has lost electrons#
d. # positively charged object has gained protons.
e. # negatively charged object has lost protons.
f# 7 negatively charged o89ect has gained electrons#
+. 'dentify the type of charge on objects #1? based on the electric field lines sho!n for each config(ration of charges. =o(r
choices in each case areB positive negative ne(tral.

# _____Positive____________ ? ______Negative________________
5. 'ndicate the final charge on the sphere in each scenario. =o(r choices are positive negative or ne(tral.
a. # positively charged balloon is to(ched to a ne(tral cond(cting sphere and then the balloon is removed. !Positive'
b. # positively1charged balloon is held near a ne(tral cond(cting sphere. The sphere is then to(ched on the opposite side.
!Negative'
c. # negatively1charged rod is held near a ne(tral cond(cting sphere. The sphere is to(ched on the opposite side. !Positive'
Name ___________________________ Period _____
Electric Circ.its
". Find the voltage drop and c(rrent thro(gh each resistor in the
diagram above.
+. Find the voltage drop and c(rrent thro(gh each resistor in the diagram above.
>eat
". 8efine cond(ction convection and radiation and give t!o e4amples of each.
a. cond(ction _______ransfer of heat via direct contact.___________ _______________
___________________________________________________________________________
b. convection ________ ransfer of heat via c.rrents !in fl.ids'# ____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c.radiation___________ ransfer of heat via electromagnetic waves#________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
+. ,o! many grams of !ater !o(ld re/(ire +.+% 4 "%
$
jo(les of heat to raise its temperat(re from 5$.%C9 to "%%.%C9* The
specific heat of !ater is $."< D-gEC9. !1"#14g'
5. 'f +%%. grams of !ater is to be heated from +$.%C9 to "%%.%C9 to make a c(p of tea ho! m(ch heat m(st be added* The
specific heat of !ater is $."< D-gEC9 !*;%;* 5'
2aves 6 So.nd and <ight Practice F(estionsB
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Name ___________________________ Period _____
". 'f the particles of the medi(m are vibrating to and fro in the same direction of energy transport then the !ave is a ____
!ave.
a# longit.dinal b. so(nd c. standing d. transverse
+. .hen the particles of a medi(m are vibrating at right angles to the direction of energy transport then the !ave is a ____
!ave.
a. longit(dinal b. so(nd c. standing d# transverse
5. 'f the energy in a longit(dinal !ave travels from so(th to north the particles of the medi(m !o(ld be vibrating _____.
a. from north to so(th only 8# 8oth north and so.th
c. from east to !est only d. both east and !est
$. The main factor !hich affects the speed of a so(nd !ave is the ____.
a. amplit(de of the so(nd !ave b. intensity of the so(nd
c. lo(dness of the so(nd d# 0ro0erties of the medi.m
). .hat is the amplit(de of the !ave in the diagram belo!*
a# $#$; m. b. %.%$ m. c. %.%) m. d. %.%7 m.
7. The !avelength of the !ave in the diagram above is ____ m.
a. %.%5% b. %.%$% c. %.%7% d# $#$)$
;. .hy does so(nd diffract more than light does*
a. ?eca(se so(nd comes in many fre/(encies.
8# Aeca.se so.nd has a longer wavelength#
c. ?eca(se so(nd is a longit(dinal !ave.
d. ?eca(se so(nd has a greater amplit(de.
Name ___________________________ Period _____
<. ,o! many complete !aves are sho!n in the diagram above*
a. " b. + c. 5 d# (#%
>. # m(sical tone so(nded on a piano has a fre/(ency of $"% ,A and a !avelength of %.<% m. .hat is the speed of the so(nd
!ave*
a. ";% m-s c# ;;$ m&s
b. +$% m-s d. )>% m-s
"%. 'f yo( hear the pitch of a siren become lo!er yo( kno! that
a. neither yo( nor the siren is moving.
b. yo( are moving to!ard the siren or the siren is moving to!ard yo(.
c. yo( are moving a!ay from the siren or the siren is moving to!ard yo(.
d# the so.rce has 9.st 0assed yo. or it is accelerating away from yo.#
"". 8ra! a diagram to ill(strate each !ave phenomenonB
a. diffraction b. interference c. reflection
Aending of a wave addition & s.8traction of 8o.ncing of a wave off of a
aro.nd a 8arrier wave am0lit.des 8o.ndary or 8arrier
d. refraction e. resonance
Aending of a wave in forced vi8ration at an o89ects nat.ral freB.ency
a new medi.m#