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Hayam Wuruk

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Hayam Wuruk
Hayam Wuruk
Monarch of Majapahit Empire
Reign Majapahit: 13501389
Full name Rajasanagara
Birthplace Majapahit
Place of death Majapahit
Predecessor Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi
Successor Wikramawardhana
Consort Paduka Sori
Consort Concubine (Wirabhumi's mother)
Dynasty Rajasa Dynasty
Father Cakradhara
Mother Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi
Genealogy diagram of Rajasa Dynasty, the royal family of
Singhasari and Majapahit. Rulers are highlighted with period of
reign.
Hayam Wuruk, also called (after 1350) Rajasanagara,
(13341389), was a Javanese King from Rajasa Dynasty
and the fourth monarch of Majapahit empire. Together
with his prime minister Gajah Mada, he reigned the
empire at the time of its greatest power. He was preceded
by Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi and succeeded by his
son in law Wikramawardhana. Most of the account of his
life was taken from Nagarakretagama and Pararaton.
Early life
Hayam Wuruk born in 1334, the year that Gajah Mada
declared his oath Sumpah Palapa. Hayam Wuruk means
"scholar rooster". He was the son of Tribhuwana
Tunggadewi and Sri Kertawardhana or Cakradhara. His
mother was the daughter of Raden Wijaya founder of
Majapahit, meanwhile his father was the son of Bhre
Tumapel lesser king of Singhasari. Both Pararaton and
Nagarakretagama praised Hayam Wuruk as a handsome,
bright, talented, and exceptional student in courtly martial
art of archery and fencing, also mastering politics
scriptures, as well as arts and music. He was known as an
accomplished ceremonial dancer in the court. Some
accounts report about Hayam Wuruk performances in a traditional ceremonial Javanese mask dance. His mother,
Queen Tribhuwana educated and groomed him to become the next monarch of Majapahit.
Hayam Wuruk
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The Reign
In 1350 Gayatri Rajapatni died in her retirement at a buddhist monastery. She was the consort of Raden Wijaya, the
first king of Majapahit, and also the grandmother of Hayam Wuruk. Queen Tribhuwana had to descend from the
throne because she ruled Majapahit under Rajapatni's auspices, and she was obliged to relinquish her throne to her
son.
Hayam Wuruk inherited the throne in 1350 at the age of 16 when the patih (prime minister) Gajah Mada was at the
height of his career. Under his rule, Majapahit extended its power throughout the Indonesian archipelago.
According to Pararaton and Kidung Sunda, in 1357 King Hayam Wuruk was expected to marry Dyah Pitaloka
Citraresmi, the princess of the Sunda Kingdom. The reason for this royal engagement was probably political, to
foster the alliance between the Majapahit and the Sundanese Kingdoms. However in the Bubat incident, the Sunda
royal family and their guards were involved in a skirmish with Majapahit troops. The planned royal wedding ended
in disaster with the death of the princess and the whole Sunda royal party. The court officials blamed Gajah Mada
because it was his intention to demand submission from Sunda Kingdom that ended in bloodshed.
Several years later Hayam Wuruk married his cousin, Paduka Sori. In 1365 (or 1287 Saka year), Mpu Prapanca
wrote the kakawin Nagarakretagama, the old Javanese eulogy for King Hayam Wuruk. The manuscript described
Hayam Wuruk's royal excursion around the Majapahit realm to visit villages, holy shrines, vassal kingdoms and
territory in East Java.
Hayam Wuruk had a daughter, Cown Princess Kusumawardhani, with Queen Sori. Kusumawardhani married a
relative, Prince Wikramawardhana. However from a consort concubine, Hayam Wuruk had a son, Prince
Wirabhumi. After Hayam Wuruk's death in 1389, the empire fell into chaos and decline during the contest over
succession between Wikramawardhana and Wirabhumi. The dispute ended in Wirabhumi's defeat in the Paregreg
war. Wikramawardhana succeeded Hayam Wuruk as the King of Majapahit.
Notes
References
Pringle, Robert. (2004)A Short history of Bali: Indonesia's Hindu Realm, Crows Nest, NSW: Allan & Unwin.
Precededby
Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi
Monarch of Majapahit
Empire
13501389
Succeededby
Wikramawardhana
Article Sources and Contributors
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Article Sources and Contributors
Hayam Wuruk Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=591599000 Contributors: *drew, Aelfthrytha, Andycjp, Arminius, Aymankamelwiki, Bakasuprman, CanisRufus, Carabinieri,
Chris the speller, D6, Dangerous-Boy, FeanorStar7, Gunkarta, Headbomb, Jack Merridew, Joyson Prabhu, Kadeck, Lofor, NeilHynes, Nielswik, Nima Baghaei, Nimetapoeg, Pmccawley,
Rigadoun, Sam Blacketer, Sanjoydey33, SatuSuro, Shanes, Tabletop, Valentinian, YUL89YYZ, 24 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Rajasa Dynasty.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Rajasa_Dynasty.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Gunawan
Kartapranata
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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