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Mathematical Computation
March 2014, Volume 3, Issue 1, PP.1-4
Asymptotic Behavior for Solution of Nonlinear
Differential Equation
Zhimin Luo
Department of Education, Luoding Polytechnic, Luoding 527200, Guangdong
Abstract
This paper is concerned with asymptotic behavior of solutions of a class of second order nonlinear differential equation. Banach
contraction principle plays a key role in our approach.By means of example, we show the usefulness of our result.
KeywordEquation; Asymptotic Behavior; Banach Contraction Principle
1 INTRODUCTION.
The second order nonlinear differential equation
( , ) u f t u '' = , 1 t > (E
1
)
and the rather general form
( , , ) u f t u u '' ' = , 1 t > (E
2
)
are often used for mathematical modeling of some physical, chemical and biological systems. Asymptotic properties
of solutions of (E
1
) and (E
2
) have been widely investigated by D.S.Cohen, M.Naito, F.M.Dnanan, O.Lipovan,
S.P.Rogovchenko, O.G.Mustafa and Y.V.Rogovchenko. In [1, 2, 4, 5, 8], by Gronwall inequality and
Bellman-Bihari inequality, these papers were concerned with sufficient conditions which ensure that some or all
solutions will approach those of
(a) 0 u'' = ,
(b)
( )
lim ( ) lim
t t
u t
u t a
t

' = = .
These results showed the solutions of (E
1
) and (E
2
) satisfied
( ) u t at b + as t .
In recent years, having used fixed-point technique, O.G.Mustafa and Y.V.Rogovchenko [4, 7], M.Naito [6], and
O.Lipovan [3] have investigated asymptotic behavior at infinity. They adopted the integration operators in Banach
space, proved continuity and compactity of these integration operators, and then established the existence of
solutions to the (E
1
) and (E
2
) that behave asymptotically using Schauder-Tickhonov theorem.
In this paper, we also note the study of linear-like solutions of (E
2
). In our theorem1, under the conditions of
1 2
( , , ) ( ) ( ) ( )
u
f t u u h t p p u
t
| |
|
|
\ .
' ' s +
where ( 1, 2)
i
p i = satisfies Lipschitz condition ( ) ( )
i i
p u p v L u v s ( 1, 2) i =
we also established the Banach Functional Space. To be different from [3, 6, 7], we only need to prove that the
continuity operators are contract rather than compactity in the space. Using Banach Contraction Principle, we
obtained asymptotic solutions of (E
3
).

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2 MAIN RESULTS
THEOREM 1 Consider (E
2
) with |1, ) , f C R R R ( e

satisfying
( ) i
1 2
( , , ) ( ) ( ) ( )
u
f t u u h t p p u
t
| |
|
|
\ .
' ' s + (1)
( ) ii
1
p
2
p ( , ) C R R
+ +
e and satisfying Lipschitz condition
( ) ( )
i i
p u p v L u v s , ( 1, 2) i = , where 0 L > . (2)
( ) iii ( 1, ), ) h C R
+

e and
1
( ) sh s ds

<
}
(3)
Then, for every , a b R e (E
2
) has a solution ( ) u t defined on an interval | ) , T ( ( , )) T T a b = such that
( ) ( ) 0 u t at b + as t (4)
Proof. Take a R e and denote ( ) ( ) x t u t at = , 1 t > . Then
1
( ) E becomes
( ) ( , ( ) , ( ) ) x t f t x t at x t a '' ' = + + ( 5 )
We notice that if for every b R e equation (5) has a solution ( ) x t such that
( ) x t b as t . Then theorem1 is proved.
From the continuity of
1
p
2
p ,we denote
1
1 1
( )
sup
a b
m p
t
t
s s + +
=
2
1 1
( )
sup
a
m p
t
t
s s +
= ' (6)
Consider now space
{ }
1
( ) ([ , ), ) : ( ) ( ) X x t C T R x t and x t ' = e are bounded
With the norm
{ }
1
sup ( ) ( )
t
x x t x t
>
' = +
Clearly, space
( )
, X is Banach space.
Let K X c be the closed and bounded set
{ }
: ( ) 1; ( ) 1, 1 K x X x t b x t t ' = e s s >
and define the map F : K X ,
( )( ) ( ) ( , ( ) , ( ) )
t
Fx t b s t f s x s as x s a ds

' = + + +
}

Before applying Banach Contraction Principle, we will proof the two propositions.
Proposition2.1 F is well defined on K and maps K into itself.
Let x K e be arbitrary. By relation(1)(3)(6) we have that
( )( ) ( , ( ) , ( ) )
t
Fx t b s t f s x s as x s a ds

' s + +
}

s
1 2
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) )
t
x s
s t h s p a p x s a ds
s

(
' + + +
(

}


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( ) ( ) ( )
t
m m s t h s ds

' s +
}
.
( ) ( ) ( , ( ) , ( ) )
t
Fx t f s x s as x s a ds

' ' s + +
}

1 2
( )
( ) ( ) ( ( ) )
t
x s
h s p a p x s a ds
s

(
' s + + +
(

}

( ) ( )
t
m m h s ds

' s +
}

In view of relation (3) we can choose 1 T > sufficiently large such that
1
( ) ( )
t
s t h s ds
m m

s
' +
}
and
1
( )
t
h s ds
m m

s
' +
}
as t T > .
This fact implies ( )( ) Fx t b 1 s and ( ) ( ) Fx t ' 1 s as 1 t > .
Thus F is well defined on K and maps K into itself.
Proposition1.2 F is contraction.
Take ( ) ( ) x t y t K c .We proof
Fx Fy x y o s | ) 0,1 o e
In factby relation(1)(2)(3) we have the following estimates
( )( ) ( )( ) Fx t Fy t
( , ( ) , ( ) ) ( , ( ) , ( ) )
t
s t f s x s as x s a f s y s as y s a ds

' ' s + + + +
}

1 1 2 2
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) [ ( ) ( )] [ ( ( ) ) ( ( ) )]
t
x s y s
s t h s p a p a p x s a p y s a ds
s s

' ' s + + + + +
}

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
t
s t h s L x s y s L x s y s ds

' ' s + (
}

( ) ( ) ( ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) )
t
s t h s L x s y s x s y s ds

' ' s + (
}

{ }
1
sup ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
t
t
L x t y t x t y t s t h s ds

>
' ' s +
}

( ) ( )
t
L x y s t h s ds

s
}

By relation (3) we also choose 1 T > sufficiently large such that
1
( ) ( )
1
t
s t h s ds
L

s
+
}

and therefore ( )( ) ( )( ) Fx t Fy t x y o s , where , 0 1
1
L
L
o o = < <
+
.
Thus, F is contraction.

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From the Banach Contraction Principle we conclude that K has exactly one
fixed point in space
( )
, X , i.e.
( ) ( ) ( , ( ) , ( ) )
t
x t b t s f s x s as x s a ds

' = + + +
}
as 1 t > .
Hence ( ) x t is a solution of equation (5) and lim ( )
t
x t b

= .The proof is completed.

Remark: In fact, the class of equations with nonlinear function f satisfying condition ( ) i is in a sense
thebiggest[4]. Furthermore, this paper drops the requirement of Lipschitz condition on nonlinear functions
1
p
and
2
p instead of requirement of non-decreasing condition on them in the above-mentioned literature.
3 EXAMPLE
Example 1Consider the nonlinear differential equation ( , , ) u f t u u '' ' =
1
3 6 3 2
2
7
2 6 3 2
2
6 3 2
0 3
1 3
( ) (3 )
6 2
( , , )
1 1 3
sin( 3 )(3 ) 1 3,
2 6 2
1 3
0 1 3,
6 2
t
t u t t t t
f t u u
t u t t t t u t t t
t u t t t

>

+ + +

' =

' + s < > +

s < < +

satisfying the assumptions of Theorem1. Now taking 4, 3 a b = = we obtain that
2 3
3 1
1 3
( ) 2 6
4 3 3
t t t
u t
t t

s <

is a solution for 1 t > and lim ( ) 4 3
t
u t t

= .
REFERENCES
[1] S.P.Rogovchenko and Y.V.Rogovchenko, Asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of second order nonlinear differential equations,
Portugal. Math. 57 (2000), 17-33.
[2] D.S.Cohen, the asymptotic behaviour of a class of nonlinear differential equations, Proc.Amer.Math.Soc. 18 (1967), 607-609.
[3] O.Lipovan, on the asymptotic behaviour of the solutions to a class of second order nonlinear differential equations,
Glasgow.Math.J.45 (2003), 179-187.
[4] O.G.Mustafa and Y.V.Rogovchenko, Global exisitence of solutions with prescribed asymptotic Behavior for second-order
nonlinear differential equations, Nonlinear Analysis 51(2002), 339-368.
[5] F.M.Dnanan, Integral inequalities of Gronwall-Bellman-Bihari type and asymptotic behaviour of certain second order,
J.Math.Anal.Appl. 108 (1990), 383-386.
[6] M.Naito, Asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of second order differential equations, Trans.Amer.Math.Soc.
282 (1984) 577-588.
[7] MustafaY.V.Rogovchenkoasymptotic integration of a class of nonlinear differential equations, Appl.
Math.Lett., 19 (2006), 849-853.
[8] R.P.Agarwal, S.Djebali, T.Moussaoul, O.G.Mustafaon the asymptotic integration of nonlinear differential
equations, J.Comp. Appl.Math, 202 (2007), 352-376.