Mariculture: Fish culture

management
Form
Basic Principles
Species
Disadvantages
Market demand
Culture Technique
Decreasing numbers of fish
Sequential disappearance of economic species from the
catch..
1 2
3
An opportunity
Market transformation
Reduce destructive
Compensate short-term
losses
Law rainfall
Good water quality
Weak storm
Protected bays
Marine culture practices:
Basic Principles
Un-limited DO
Continue water exchange
Common Properties: Right to operate,
not Own
Un-control parameters
+ brood stocks
+ cheap trash fish (food brood stocks)
+ live fish trade
+ marine culture practices
- Technical knowledge
-Infrastructure facilities
- Un-control parameter
- Subject to physical disturbance
- High Cost (Speed boat)
- Security Risk
- Transportation Risk
- Maintenance
Advantages vs weaknesses
Seeds from hatchery
+ no pressure on wild stocks
+ regular/controlled seed supplies
- Capital intensive
- skills intensive
Marine culture, seeds from wild nature
+ cheap, easily available
- Pressure to nature/wild stocks?
- Irreagular supplies
Experiment Gango
(Nov. 1997 - Feb. 1999)
Un-successful
full cycle marine culture!! .
Species Option
Pre-requisite
1. Artificial reproduction
2. Mass fry production
3. Market demand
4. Coop to stress
5. Resistance to diseases
6. Growth
Hatchery,
trade &
marketing
Cage culture
grow out
inputs (training, seeds, pellet, cages, etc.)
output (fish harvest, market size)
Community engagement:
Hatchery multi-species
Low risk, low profit:
Baramundi (Lates calcarifer)
Red snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus)
Medium risk, medium profit
High risk, high profit
Estuary grouper (Epinephelus coioides)
Tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
Mouse grouper (Cromileptes altivelis)
Culture Technique
Land & Marine Based
Sofisticated (High Tech)
Natural Feed
Hermaproditsm
Canibalism
Variety of Skill (diver,
FAD)
Full cycle grouper culture ....
algae
rotifer artemia pellet Brood
eggs
larva post-larva seeds
Cage culture Cage culture Cage culture Cage culture
FORM
Tanks for algae & rotifer
Indoor & outdoor tanks for larva
Tanks for larva - indoor
Larva monitoring
Larva monitoring
Treatment/sedimentation ponds
Development steps:
Business plan & brood stock facilities
Gango, hatchery development
Training for community pilot project
Environmental impact assessment, best practice
Transfer marine culture to private sector
Project run by PT. Karamba Merta Buana
Pilot project:
Warloka, November 2003
Menjaga, Mei/Juni 2004
Partners
Technical assistance:
Lolit Budidaya Air Payau
Gondol, Bali ; Situbondo
Market demand:
Sea food restorant
Prestigeous SeaFood
Healthy Fish
Overfishing of Reef Fishery
In short ....
An opportunity alternative livelihood
MPA strategy to finally increase catch
Transform capture base to culture base
Environmentally friendly
Local brood stocks
Best practices
Impact assessment
Terimakasih