Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Set 2 MB0028
1. Explain how material flow information helps in work centre decision.
Consider the example of a shopping centre to illustrate your answer.
They are even considered as cash centers. Location trust means relative
position of different centers so as to minimize the movement of materials, meet
technological sequences, to reduce congestion, maximize throughput, improve
part tracking ability and avoid repetitive movements. In addition another
consideration is to provide for expansion of production.
Each work center receives information along with material that enters it in a
shopping center; the material also leaves the shopping center with information.
The route sheet contains information about the material, process, quantities,
and inspection procedures. Etc. the drawings or instructions tell the condition of
the material of entry and the required condition at exit.
A. Management Reasons
• Ability to adapt to new resource combinations
• Differences between management and client
• Insufficient risk management
• Insufficient end-user management
• Insufficient training of users
• Inappropriate procedures and routines
• Lack of management judgement
• Lack of software development metrics
• Loss of key personnel
Set 2 MB0028
• Poor vendor management
• Poor communication between stakeholders
• Poor contract management
• Poor financial management
• Project management capability
• Poor delegation and decision making
• Unfilled promises to users and other stakeholders
A. Technical reasons
• Inappropriate architecture
• Insufficient reuse of existing technical objects
• Inappropriate testing tools
• Inappropriate coding language
• Inappropriate technical methodologies
• Lack of formal technical standards
• Lack of technical innovation (obsolescence)
• Misstatement of technical risk
• Obsolescence of technology
• Poor interface specifications
• Poor quality code
• Poor systems testing
• Poor data migration
• Poor systems integration
• Poor configuration management
• Poor change management procedures
• Poor technical judgement
A. Factors contributing to project success not emphasized:
• Project objective in alignment with business objective
• Working within the framework of project management methodology
• Effective scoping planning, estimation, execution, controls and reviews,
project bottlenecks
• Communication and managing expectations effectively with clients, team
merits and stake holders
• Prior expectance of PM in a similar project
Set 2 MB0028
• Enable societies to produce, access, adapt and apply information in
greater amount, more rapidly and at reduce costs
• Offer enormous opportunities for enhancing business and economic
viability
• Common problems encountered during projects
• No prioritization of project activity from an organizational position
• One or more of the stages in the project mishandled
• Less qualified non-dedicated manpower
• Absence of smooth flow of communication between the involved parties
These basic reasons lead a project to failures. In the project failures business
management and project management is directly involved. From the
management point of view it is basic things to care above topics to success of a
project. Project is the core business of a company
This is the initial phase of any project. In this phase information is collected
from the customer pertaining to the project and the requirements are analyzed.
The entire project has to be planned and it should be done in a strategic
manner. The project manager conducts the analysis of the problem and
submits a detailed report to the top project justification, details on what the
problem is a method of solving the problem, list of the objectives to be
achieved, project budget and the success rate of completing the project. The
report must also contain information and the project feasibility, and the risks
involved in the project.
Project management life cycle is the integrated part of management. It is attach
with project responsibility or failure of a project.
• Marketing Phase:
A project proposal is prepared by a group of people including the project
manager. This proposal has to contain the strategies adopted to market
the product to the customers.
Set 2 MB0028
• Design Phase:
– This phase involves the study of inputs and outputs of the various
project stages.
– Inputs received, consist of project feasibility study, preliminary project
evaluation details, project proposal and customer interviews.
– Outputs produced, consist of system design specifications, functional
specifications of the project, design specifications of the project and the
project plan.
• Execution Phase:
In this phase the project manager and the team members work on the
project objectives as per the plan. At every stage during the execution
reports are prepared.
Control, Inspection, Testing & Delivery Phase:
During this phase, the project team works under the guidance of the
project manager. The project manager has to ensure that the team
working under his, implements the project designs accurately. The project
has to be monitored or tracked through its cost, manpower and schedule.
The project manager has to ensure ways of managing the customer,
perform quality control work.
The preparation stage involves the preparation and approval of project outline,
project plan and project budget.
The next stage involves selecting and briefing the project team about the
proposals followed by discussions on the roles and responsibility of the project
member and the organization.
The feasibility or research stage will establish whether the project is feasible or
not and establishes the risk factors likely to be faced during the course of
project execution and the related key factors to overcome the problems.
A detailed definition and plan for the project and its execution is prepared by
the team and coordinated by project Manager.
Set 2 MB0028
The final stage involves satisfactory delivery of the product/service to the
customers. Upon completion of the project, review is to be conducted by the
project team along with the sponsors and customers to discuss about the
progress, performance and hurdles.
5. Strategically manage the sources of supply- by working closely with their key
suppliers to reduce the overall costs of owning materials and services; SCM
maximizes profit margins both for themselves and their suppliers.
Set 2 MB0028
5. Explain what is meant by bullwhip effect and how it could be
prevented?
An organisation will always have ups and downs. It is necessary that the
managers of the organisation keep track on the market conditions and
analyze the changes. They must take decisions on the resources and make
necessary changes within the organisation to meet the market demands.
Failing to do so may result in wild swing in orders. This may adversely affect
functioning of the organisation resulting in lack of coordination and trust
among supply chain members. The changes may affect the information and
may lead to demand amplification in the supply chain. The bullwhip effect is
the uncertainty caused from distorted information flowing up and down the
supply chain. This has its effect on almost all the industries, poses a risk to
firms that experience large variations in demand, and also those firms which
are dependent on suppliers, distributors and retailers.
Set 2 MB0028
5. What do you understand by line balancing? What is the importance of
order picking in material handling? Give suitable examples.
Line Balancing:
This necessitates that the flow lines are smooth. Balancing flow lines, different
equipments to achieve the same is the objective of line balancing.
Set 2 MB0028
Types of equipments that help in bring efficiency to the process:
a. Horizontal Travel – These are in the aisle, picker to part systems. The picker,
a worker walks or rides a vehicle and pickers the item or product and puts
into the vehicle, or conveyor. The storage system could be pallet racks,
shelves or gravity racks.
b. Person Abroad- In this system the picker is on a platform of a vehicle he can
move up and also horizontally along the aisle.
e. Workplace equipment – items can be kept in work benches and be picked up.
The carts are used to keep items for being picked up.