VAN EVERDINGEN ANO HURST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EQUATIONS

TABLE C.1- Po vs. t0 -INFINITE RADIAL SYSTEM,

CONSTANT RATE AT INNER BOUNDARY
to

____E_!2__

0.0005
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1

0.0250
0.0352
0.0495
0.0603
0.0694
0.0774
0.0845
0.0911
0.0971
0.1028
0.1081
0.1312
0.1503
0.1669
0.1818
0.2077
0.2301
0.2500
0.2680
0.2845
0.2999
0.3144

to

Po

to

0.15
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.2
1.4
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0

0.3750
0.4241
0.5024
0.5645
0.6167
0.6622
0.7024
0.7387
0.7716
0.8019
0.8672
0.9160
1.0195
1.1665
1.2750
1.3625
1.4362
1.4997
1.5557
1.6057
1.6509
1.8294
1.9601
2.1470
2.2824
2.3884

60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
550.0
600.0
650.0
700.0
750.0
800.0
850.0
900.0
950.0
1,000.0

Notes: For t0 < O.1, Po= 2, to/1L

For 100<to<0.25 r~o.Po=O.S (In

107

Estmate the pressure on the inner boundary of the

sandpack at times of 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 hour.
Solution. We first calculate tD and 'eD:

2.4758
2.5501
2.6147
2.6718
2.7233
2.9212
3.0636
3.1726
3.2630
3.3394
3.4057
3.4641
3.5164
3.5643
3.6076
3.6476
3.6842
3.7184
3.7505
3.7805
3.8088
3.8355
3.8584

reD= 10/1

10,
0.000264 kt

tD=

c/>p,c 1rw

(0.000264)(1,000)
3
4
(0.3)(2)(0.11 X 10- 3 )(1) t= X 10 t.
Then, the following data result.

t
(hour)

!.JL
4

_!!_Q__
1.275

40
400

2.401
9.6751

0.001
0.01
0.1

SourceofpD
Table C.1 (reservoir
infinite acting)
Table C.2 (reD 10)
Eq. C.4

Note that for tD =400, tD >0.25 r~D = (0.25)(10) 2

= 25; thus, Eq. C.4 is used to calculatepD.
2(tD +0.25)
PD=

to+ 0.80907).

'eD
(3r:D

4r:D In reD - 2r~D - 1)

4(r~D- 1) 2
2tD
PD:::::: - 2- +In 'eD- %. . .............. (C.5)
'eD
5. The PD solutions in Tables C.1 and C.2 also
apply to a reservoir of radius r w surrounded by an
aquifer of radius re when there is a constant rate of

water influx from the aquifer into the reservoir. For

this case, values of reD in the range 1.5 to 10.0, as in
Table C.2, are of practica! importance. For most well
problems, reD is larger than 10.0, and the aQproximations given by Eq. C.3 for 100<tD <0.25 r~D and
Eq. C.5 for 0.25 r~D <tD are the really useful results
of the van Everdingen and Hurst analysis.
6. When analyzing a variable-rate problem with
the p D solution, we use superposition just as we did
with the Ei-function solution in Sec. 1.5.

Example C.l- Use of Pn Solutions

for No-Flow Boundary
Problem. In a large laboratory flow experiment,
fluid was produced into a 1-ft-radius perforated
cylinder from a sand-packed model with a radios of
10 ft. No fluid flowed across the externa) radius of
the model. Properties of the sandpack and produced
fluid include the following.
k
h

P =

p, =
q =
B =
el> =
et =

1 darcy,
0.5 ft,
15 psia,
2 cp,
1.0 STB/D,
1.0 RB/STB,
0.3, and
0.11 x 10- 3 psi- 1

= 9.6751.

A rearrangement of the definition of p D results in

qBp,

p=p-141.2-;-PD

-15-

(141.2)(1.0)(1.0)(2)
p
(1000)(0.5)
D

=15-0.565PD

Thus, we have these values:

t (hour)
0.001
0.01
0.1

p (psia)
14.28
13.64
9.53

Constant Rate at Inner Boundary,

Constant Pressure at Outer Boundary
This solution of the diffusivity equation models
radial flow of a slightly compressible liquid in a
homogeneous reservoir of uniform thickness;
reservoir at uniform pressure P before production;
unchanging pressure, also p, at the outer boundary
(at r=re); and production at constant rate q from the
single well (centered in the reservoir) with wellbore
radius r w The solutions, p D (evaluated at rD = 1), as
a function of t D for fixed val ues of reD in the range
1.5 <reD <3,000, are given in Table C.3. The
dimensionless variables p D t D 'D and reD ha ve the
same definitions as in the previous section.

108

WELL TESTING

TABLE C.2- Po vs. t0 - FINITE RADIAL SYSTEM WITH CLOSED EXTERIOR BOUNDARY,
CONSTANTRATEATINNERBOUNDARY

_!__Q_
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80

___Eg_
0.251
0.288
0.322
0.355
0.387
0.420
0.452
0.484
0.516
0.548
0.580
0.612
0.644
0.724
0.804
0.884
0.964
1.044
1.124
1.204
1.284
1.364
1.444

reo =4.5
to
.J}_Q_
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0

0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.46
0.48
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.0
2.0
3.0
5.0

reo= 5.0
_!__Q_ .J}_Q_

1.023
1.040
1.056
1.702
1.087
1.102
1.116
1.130
1.144
1.158
1.171
1.197
1.222
1.246
1.269
1.292
1.349
1.403
1.457
1.510
1.615
1.719
1.823
1.927
2.031
2.135
2.239
2.343
2.447

3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0

reo 2.5
to
.J}_Q_

reo= 2.0
Po

reo=1.5

1.167
1.180
1.192
1.204
1.215
1.227
1.238
1.249
1.259
1.270
1.281
1.301
1.321
1.340
1.360
1.378
1.424
1.469
1.513
1.556
1.598
1.641
1.725
1.808
1.892
1.975
2.059
2.142
2.225

0.443
0.459
0.476
0.492
0.507
0.522
0.536
0.551
0.565
0.579
0.593
0.607
0.621
0.634
0.648
0.715
0.782
0.849
0.915
0.982
1.649
2.316
3.649

0.40
0.42
0.44
0.46
0.48
0.50
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
=6.0

_!__Q_

Po

4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
25.0
30.0

1.275
1.322
1.364
1.404
1.441
1.477
1.511
1.544
1.576
1.607
1.638
1.668
1.698
1.757
1.815
1.873
1.931
1.988
2.045
2.103
2.160
2.217
2.274
2.560
2.846

0.565
0.576
0.587
0.598
0.608
0.618
0.628
0.638
0.647
0.657
0.666
0.688
0.710
0.731
0.752
0.772
0.792
0.812
0.832
1.215
1.506
1.977
2.398

reo= 3.0
_!__Q_ .J}_Q_
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0

reo= 7.0
_!__Q_
Po
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0

1.436
1.470
1.501
1.531
1.559
1.586
1.613
1.638
1.663
1. 711
1.757
1.810
1.845
1.888
1.931
1.974
2.016
2.058
2.100
2.184
2.267
2.351
2.434
2.517

0.627
0.636
0.645
0.662
0.683
0.703
0.721
0.740
0.758
0.776
0.791
0.806
0.865
0.920
0.973
1.076
1.328
1.578
1.828

reo= 3.5
to
Po
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0

=8.0

to

Po

8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
17.0
19.0
21.0
23.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0

1.556
1.582
1.607
1.631
1.653
1.675
1.697
1.717
1.737
1.757
1.776
1.795
1.813
1.831
1.849
1.919
1.986
2.051
2.116
2.180
2.340
2.499
2.658
2.817

Notes For to smal!er than values fsted in this table for a gven 'e O reservo iris rnfinite acting.
Find Po 1n Table C.1.
For 25< t 0 and t 0 larger than values in table,

('/, +2tol

P0 = u ~o

3r~ 0 - 4r~o

In

reO- 2r~o

-11 - 4(;I;;::.1z

For Wells in bounded reservo~rs with

'~O 1.

Po= 2!.o+lnreo'~O

%.

0.802
0.830
0.857
0.882
0.906
0.929
0.951
0.973
0.994
1.014
1.034
1.083
1.130
1.176
1.221
1.401
1.579
1.757

-reo=
- - 4.0
-to
.J}_Q_
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0

reo=9.0
to
.J}_Q_
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
34.0
38.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
60.0
70.0

1.651
1.673
1.693
1.713
1.732
1.750
1.768
1.786
1.803
1.819
1.835
1.851
1.867
1.897
1.926
1.955
1.983
2.037
2.096
2.142
2.193
2.244
2.345
2.446
2.496
2.621
2.746
2.996
3.246

0.927
0.948
0.968
0.988
1.007
1.025
1.059
1.092
1.123
1.154
1.184
1.255
1.324
1.392
1.460
1.527
1.594
1.660
1.727
1.861
1.994
2.127

= 10.0
__!g_ .J}_Q_
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
32.0
34.0
36.0
38.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0

1.732
1.750
1.768
1.784
1.801
1.817
1.832
1.847
1.862
1.890
1.917
1.943
1.968
2.017
2.063
2.108
2.151
2.194
2.236
2.278
2.319
2.360
2.401
2.604
2.806
3.008
3.210
3.412
3.614

109

VAN EVERDINGEN ANO HURST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EQUATIONS

TABLE C.3- Po vs. t 0 - FINITE RADIAL SYSTEM WITH FIXED CONSTANT PRESSURE
AT EXTERIOR BOUNDARY, CONSTANT RATE AT INNER BOUNDARY

reo=1.5
reo= 2.0
__!Q_ ___E_Q___ __!Q_ ___E_Q___
0.050
0.055
0.060
0.070
0.080
0.090
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80

Notes: For
For

0.230
0.240
0.249
0.266
0.282
0.292
0.307
0.328
0.344
0.356
0.367
0.375
0.381
0.386
0.390
0.393
0.396
0.400
0.402
0.404
0.405
0.405
0.405
0.405

0.20
0.22
0.24
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.5
3.0

0.424
0.441
0.457
0.472
0.485
0.498
0.527
0.552
0.573
0.591
0.606
0.619
0.630
0.639
0.647
0.654
0.660
0.665
0.669
0.673
0.682
0.688
0.690
0.692
0.692
0.693
0.693

reo
fo
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0

2.5
___E_Q___

reo= 3.0
reo= 3.5
__!Q_ ___E_Q___ __!Q_ ___E_Q___

0.502
0.535
0.564
0.591
0.616
0.638
0.659
0.696
0.728
0.755
0.778
0.815
0.842
0.861
0.876
0.887
0.895
0.900
0.905
0.908
0.910
0.913
0.915
0.916
0.916
0.916
0.916

0.50
0.55
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
8.0
10.0

reo = 8.0
Po
__!Q_

reo= 10.0
__!Q_ ___E_Q___

re 0 =15.0
__!Q_ ___E_Q___

7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0

10.0 1.651
12.0 1.730
14.0 1.798
16.0 1.856
18.0 1.907
20.0 1.952
25.0 2.043
30.0 2.111
35.0 2.160
40.0 2.197
45.0 2.224
50.0 2.245
55.0 2.260
60.0 2.271
65.0 2.279
70.0 2.285
75.0 2.290
80.0 2.293
90.0 2.297
100.0 2.300
110.0 2.301
120.0 2.302
130.0 2.302
140.0 2.302
160.0 2.303

20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
180.0
200.0
220.0
240.0
260.0
280.0
300.0

1.499
1.527
1.554
1.580
1.604
1.627
1.648
1.724
1.786
1.837
1.879
1.914
1.943
1.967
1.986
2.002
2.016
2.040
2.055
2.064
2.070
2.076
2.078
2.079

1.960
2.003
2.043
2.080
2.114
2.146
2.218
2.279
2.332
2.379
2.455
2.513
2.558
2.592
2.619
2.655
2.677
2.689
2.697
2.701
2.704
2.706
2.707
2.707
2.708

0.617
0.640
0.662
0.702
0.738
0.770
0.799
0.850
0.892
0.927
0.955
0.980
1.000
1.016
1.030
1.042
1.051
1.069
1.080
1.087
1.091
1.094
1.096
1.097
1.097
1.098
1.099

r 80 = 20.0

to

___E_Q___

30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
105.0
110.0
115.0
120.0
125.0
130.0
135.0
140.0
145.0
150.0
160.0
180.0
200.0
240.0
280.0
300.0
400.0
500.0

2.148
2.219
2.282
2.338
2.388
2.475
2.547
2.609
2.658
2.707
2.728
2.747
2.764
2.781
2.796
2.810
2.823
2.835
2.846
2.857
2.876
2.906
2.929
2.958
2.975
2.980
2.992
2.995

0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0

0.620
0.665
0.705
0.741
0.774
0.804
0.858
0.904
0.945
0.981
1.013
1.041
1.065
1.087
1.106
1.123
1.153
1.183
1.225
1.232
1.242
1.247
1.250
1.251
1.252
1.253
1.253

reo= 4.0
_!_Q___ ___E_Q___
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.8
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0

lnr80 .

=30.0

reo= 25.0
Po
__!Q_

r80
_to_

50.0 2.389
55.0 2.434
60.0 2.476
65.0 2.514
70.0 2.550
75.0 2.583
80.0 2.614
85.0 2.643
90.0 2.671
95.0 2.697
100.0 2.721
120.0 2.807
140.0 2.878
160.0 2.936
180.0 2.984
200.0 3.024
220.0 3.057
240.0 3.085
260.0 3.107
280.0 3.126
300.0 3.142
350.0 3.171
400.0 3.189
450.0 3.200
500.0 3.207
600.0 3.214
700.0 3.217
800.0 3.218
900.0 3.219

70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
165.0
170.0
175.0
180.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
350.0
400.0
450.0
500.0
600.0
700.0
800.0
900.0
1,000
1,200
1,400

to sma!ler than values !isted 1n th1s table tora given 'eD reservo iris tnfinite acting. Find Po in Table C.1.

to larger than values listed in th1s table, Po

0.802
0.857
0.905
0.947
0.986
1.020
1.052
1.080
1.106
1.130
1.152
1.190
1.232
1.266
1.290
1.309
1.325
1.347
1.361
1.370
1.376
1.382
1.385
1.386
1.386

___E_Q___

2.551
2.615
2.672
2.723
2.812
2.886
2.950
2.965
2.979
2.992
3.006
3.054
3.150
3.219
3.269
3.306
3.332
3.351
3.375
3.387
3.394
3.397
3.399
3.401
3.401

reo= 6.0
to
Po
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
50.0

1.275
1.320
1.361
1.398
1.432
1.462
1.490
1.516
1.539
1.561
1.580
1.615
1.667
1.704
1.730
1.749
1.762
1.771
1.777
1.781
1.784
1.787
1.789
1.791
1.792

reo= 40.0
Po
__!Q_
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
800
900
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500

2.813
2.888
2.953
3.011
3.063
3.109
3.152
3.191
3.226
3.259
3.331
3.391
3.440
3.482
3.516
3.545
3.568
3.588
3.619
3.640
3.655
3.672
3.681
3.685
3.687
3.688
3.689

WELL TESTING

110

TABLE C.3- CONTINUED

feo= 50.0

feo = 60.0

feo = 70.0

to

Po

to

Po

to

200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,200
2,400
2,600
2,800

3.064
3.111
3.154
3.193
3.229
3.263
3.339
3.405
3.461
3.512
3.556
3.595
3.630
3.661
3.688
3.713
3.735
3.754
3.771
3.787
3.833
3.862
3.881
3.892
3.900
3.904
3.907
3.909
3.910

300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500

3.257
3.401
3.512
3.602
3.676
3.739
3.792
3.832
3.908
3.959
3.996
4.023
4.043
4.071
4.084
4.090
4.092
4.093
4.094
4.094

500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
7,500
8,000

----

feo= 80.0

_{J_Q_ __!p_
3.512
600
3.603
700
3.680
800
3.746
900
1,000
3.803
1,200
3.854
3.937
1,400
4.003
1,500
1,600
4.054
1,800
4.095
4.127
2,000
4.181
2,500
3,000
4.211
3,500
4.228
4.237
4,000
4.242
4,500
4.245
5,000
4.247
6,000
4.247
7,000
8,000
4.248
4.248
9,000
4.248 10,000
4.248 11,000

feo= 90.0

Po

_to_

3.603
3.680
3.747
3.805
3.857
3.946
4.019
4.051
4.080
4.130
4.171
4.248
4.297
4.328
4.347
4.360
4.368
4.376
4.380
4.381
4.382
4.382
4.382

800
900
1,000
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,800
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
14,000

_{J_Q_
3.747
3.806
3.858
3.949
3.988
4.025
4.058
4.144
4.192
4.285
4.349
4.394
4.426
4.448
4.464
4.482
4.491
4.496
4.498
4.499
4.499
4.500
4.500

__!p_

Po

__!p_

Po

1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
7,500
8,000
9,000
10,000
12,500
15,000

3.859
3.949
4.026
4.092
4.150
4.200
4.303
4.379
4.434
4.478
4.510
4.534
4.552
4.565
4.579
4.583
4.588
4.593
4.598
4.601
4.604
4.605

1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000

4.061
4.205
4.317
4.498
4.485
4.552
4.663
4.754
4.829
4.834
4.949
4.996
5.072
5.129
5.171
5.203
5.227
5.264
5.282
5.290
5.294

= 300.0
to

Po

6,000 4.754
8,000 4.898
10,000 5.010
12,000 5.101
14,000 5.177
16,000 5.242
18,000 5.299
20,000 5.348
24,000 5.429
28,000 5.491
30,000 5.517
40,000 5.606
50,000 5.652
60,000 5.676
70,000 5.690
80,000 5.696
90,000 5.700
100,000 5.702
120,000 5.703
140,000 5.704
150,000 5.704

feo= 200.0

feo= 100.0

feo=800.0
fo

Po

to

Po

15,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
110,000
120,000
125,000
130,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
240,000
260,000

5.212
5.356
5.556
5.689
5.781
5.845
5.889
5.920
5.942
5.957
5.967
5.975
5.977
5.980
5.983
5.988
5.990
5.991
5.991
5.991

20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000

5.365
5.468
5.559
5.636
5.702
5.759
5.810
5.894
5.960
6.013
6.055
6.088
6.135
6.164
6.183
6.195
6.202
6.211
6.213
6.214
6.214

40,000
45,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
500,000
600,000

_{J_Q_
5.703
5.762
5.814
5.904
5.979
6.041
6.094
6.139
6.210
6.262
6.299
6.326
6.345
6.374
6.387
6.392
6.395
6.397
6.397

50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000

Po

to

Po

5.814
5.905
5.982
6.048
6.105
6.156
6.239
6.305
6.357
6.398
6.430
6.484
6.514
6.530
6.540
6.545
6.548
6.550
6.551
6.551

70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
160,000
180,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
550,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
1,000,000

5.983
6.049
6.108
6.160
6.249
6.322
6.382
6.432
6.474
6.551
6.599
6.630
6.650
6.663
6.671
6.676
6.679
6.682
6.684
6.684

VAN EVERDINGEN ANO HURST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EQUATIONS

111

TABLE C.3- CONTINUED

feo= 900.0
fo
8.0(10 4 )
9.0(10 4 )
1.0(10 5 )
1.2(10 5 )
1.4(10 5 )
1.6(10 5 )
1.8(10 5 )
2.0(10 5 )
2.5(10 5 )
3.0(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
4.5(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
5.5(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8 0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(1 0 6)

Po
6.049
6.108
6.161
6.251
6.327
6.392
6.447
6.494
6.587
6.652
6.729
6.751
6.766
6.777
6.7856.794
6.798
6.800
6.801

reo = 2,000.0
lo
4.0(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6 )
1.2(10 6 )
1.4(106 )
1.6(10 6 )
1.8(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.5(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6 )
4.0(10 6)
5.0(10 6 )
6.0(10 6 )
6.4(1 0 6 )

_E__
6.854
6.966
7.056
7.132
7.196
7.251
7.298
7.374
7.431
7.474
7.506
7.530
7.566
7.584
7.593
7.597
7.600
7.601
7.601

feo= 1,000.0 _
to
1.0(10 5 )
1.2(105 )
1.4(105 )
1.6(10 5 )
1.8(105 )
2.0(10 5 )
2.5(10 5 )
3.0(10 5 )
3.5(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
4.5(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
5.5(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6 )
1.2(10 6 )

_E__
6.161
6.252
6.329
6.395
6.452
6.503
6.605
6.681
6.738
6.781
6.813
6.837
6.854
6.868
6.885
6.895
6.901
6.904
6.907

feo= 1,200.0
fo
2.0(10 5 )
3.0(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(106 )
1.2(106 )
1.4(106 )
1.6(10 6 )
1.8(10 6 )
1.9(1 0 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.1(10 6 )
2.2(10 6 )
2.3(10 6 )
2.4(10 6 )

__EQ_
6.966
7.013
7.057
7.097
7.133
7.167
7.199
7.229
7.256
7.307
7.390
7.507
7.579
7.631
7.661
7.677
7.686
7.693
7.695
7.696
7.696

6.507
6.704
6.833
6.918
6.975
7.013
7.038
7.056
7.067
7.080
7.085
7.088
7.089
7.089
7.090
7.090
7.090
7.090
7.090

feo = 2,400.0

feo= 2,200.0
lo
5.0(10 5 )
5.5(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
6.5(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
7.5(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
8.5(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(106 )
1.2(10 6 )
1.6(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.5(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6 )
4.0(10 6 )
5.0(10 6 )
6.0(10 6)
7.0(10 6)
8.0(106 )

_E__

lo
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(106 )
1.2(10 6 )
1.6(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.4(10 6 )
2.8(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6)
4.0(10 6)
5.0(10 6 )
6.0(10 6 )
7.0(10 6 )
8.0(10 6 )
9.0(10 6 )
9.5(10 6 )

7.057
7.134
7.200
7.259
7.310
7.398
7.526
7.611
7.668
7.706
7.720
7.745
7.760
7.775
7.780
7.782
7.783
7.783
7.783

7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6)
1.2(1 0 6 )
1.4(106 )
1.6(10 6 )
1.8(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.4(10 6 )
2.8(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6)
4.0(10 6 )
5.0(10 6)
6.0(10 6)
7.0(10 6 )
8.0(10 6 )
9.0(10 6 )
1.0(1 7 )

........................ (C.6)

Problem. An oil well is producing 300 STB/D from a

water-drive reservoir that maintains pressure at the
original oil/water contact at a constant 3,000 psia.
Distance from the well to the oil/water contact is 900
ft. Well and reservo ir properties in elude the
following.
= 0.21,
k= 80 md,

Po
6.507
6.619
6.709
6.785
6.849
6.950
7.026
7.082
7.123
7.154
7.177
7.229
7.241
7.243
7.244
7.244
7.244
7.244

feo = 2,600.0
lo

Example C.2- Use ofPv Solutions

for Constant-Pressure Boundary

<1>

lo
2.0(10 5 )
2.5(10 5 )
3.0(10 5 )
3.5(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6 )
1.5(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.5(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.1(10 6 )
3.2(10 6 )
3.3(10 6 )

__E_Q_

Sorne important properties of these tabulated

solutions include the following:
l. For values of tn smaller than the smallest value
listed for a given reD the reservoir is infinite acting,
and Table C.1 should be used to determine p D.
2. For val ues of t D larger than the largest value
listed for a given reD (or for t D >r~n),

Pn ::::In reD

fe o = 1 ,400.0

Po
7.134
7.201
7.259
7.312
7.401
7.475
7.536
7.588
7.631
7.699
7.746
7.765
7.799
7.821
7.845
7.856
7.860
7.862
7.863
7.863

_feo= 1,600.0
lo
2.5(10 5 )
3.0(10 5 )
3.5(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(106 )
1.5(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.5(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6 )
4.0(10 6 )
4.2(10 6 )
4.4(10 6 )

_E__
6.619
6.710
6.787
6.853
6.962
7.046
7.114
7.167
7.210
7.244
7.334
7.364
7.373
7.376
7.377
7.378
7.378
7.378

reo = 2,800.0
lo
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6 )
1.2(10 6 )
1.6(1 0 6)
2.0(10 6 )
2.4(10 6 )
2.8(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
3.5(10 6 )
4.0(10 6 )
5.0(10 6 )
6.0(10 6 )
7.0(10 6 )
8.0(10 6)
9.0(10 6)
1.0(10 7 )
1.2(10 7 )
1.3(1 7 )

_E__
7.201
7.260
7.312
7.403
7.542
7.644
7.719
7.775
7.797
7.840
7.870
7.905
7.922
7.930
7.934
7.936
7.937
7.937
7.937

fe o = 1 ,800.0
lo
3.0(10 5 )
4.0(10 5 )
5.0(10 5 )
6.0(10 5 )
7.0(10 5 )
8.0(10 5 )
9.0(10 5 )
1.0(10 6 )
1.5(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
3.0(10 6 )
4.0(10 6 )
5.0(10 6 )
5.1(10 6 )
5.2(10 6)
5.3(10 6 )
5.4(10 6 )
5.6(10 6 )

_E__
6.710
6.854
6.965
7.054
7.120
7.183
7.238
7.280
7.407
7.459
7.489
7.495
7.495
7.495
7.495
7.495
7.495
7.495

feo = 3,000.0
to
1.0(10 6 )
1.2(10 6 )
1.4(106)
1.6(10 6)
1.8(10 6 )
2.0(10 6 )
2.4(1 0 6 )
2.8(10 6 )
3.0(10 6)
3.5(10 6 )
4.0(10 6 )
4.5(106 )
5.0(10 6 )
6.0(10 6 )
7.0(106 )
8.0(10 6 )
9.0(10 6 )
1.0(10 7 )
1.2(10 7 )
1.5(10 7 )

_E__
7.312
7.403
7.480
7.545
7.602
7.651
7.732
7.794
7.820
7.871
7.908
7.935
7.955
7.979
7.992
7.999
8.002
8.004
8.006
8.006

e 1 = 20 x 10 - 6 psi - 1 ,
rw = 0.45 ft,
;. = 0.8 cp,
h = 12ft, and
B = 1.25 RB/STB.

Calculate pressure in the wellbore for production

after 0.1, 1.0, and 100.0 days.
Solution. Sin ce tn =0.000264 kt/<P;.c1r ~
hours), then
(0.000264)(80)(24) t days
t D- (0.21)(0.8)(20 X 10 - 6 )(0.45) 2

=7.45 X 10 5 t.
Also,

re
900
rev=- =--=2,000.
r w 0.45
Thus, we obtain the following.

(t in

WELL TESTING

112

TABLE C.4- Opo vs. t 0 -INFINITE RADIAL SYSTEM, CONSTANT PRESSURE AT INNER BOUNDARY
Dimensionless
Time

Dimension
less
Cumulative
Production

Dimensionless
Time

to

__ C}po -

to

0.00
0.01
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62

0.000
0.112
0.278
0.404
0.520
0.606
0.689
0.758
0898
1.020
1.140
1.251
1.359
1 469
1.569
2.447
3.202
3.893
4.539
5.153
5.743
6.314
6.869
7.411
7.940
8.457
8.964
9.461
9.949
10.434
10913
11.386
11.855
12319
12.778
13.233
13.684
14.131
14.573
15 013
15.450
15.883
16.313
16.742
17.167
17.590
18.011
18.429
18.845
19.259
19.671
20.080
20.488
20.894
21.298
21.701
22.101
22.500
22.897
23.291
23.684
24.076
24.466
24.855
25.244
25.633
26.020
26.406
26.791
27.174
27.555
27.935
28.314
28.691
29.068
29.443

98
99
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
400
405
410
415
420
425
430
435
440
445
450
455
460
465

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

__ Opo_

Notes: For 1D < 0.0 1, Q pO = 2, i O;. .

For 10 ~ 200, QpD

4~29881_=

2 02566t 0

In t 0

42.433
42.781
43.129
44.858
46.574
48.277
49.968
51.648
53.317
54.976
56.625
58.265
59.895
61.517
63.131
64.737
66.336
67.928
69.512
71.090
72.661
74.226
75.785
77.338
78.886
80.428
81.965
83.497
85.023
86.545
88.062
89.575
91.084
92.589
94 090
95.588
97.081
98.571
100.057
101.540
103.019
104.495
105.968
107.437
108.904
110.367
111.827
113.284
114.738
116.189
117.638
119.083
120.526
121.966
123.403
124.838
126.270
127.699
129.126
130.550
131.972
133.391
134.808
136.223
137.635
139.045
140.453
141.859
143.262
144.664
146.064
147.461
148.856
150.249
151.460
153.029

Dimensionless
Time

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

Dimensionless
Time

to

-- 9.E_ --

__ _t_Q_

740
750
760
770
775
780
790
800
810
820
825
830
840
850
860
870
875
880
890
900
910
920
925
930
940
950
960
970
975
980
990
1,000
1,010
1,020
1,025
1,030
1,040
1,050
1,060
1,070
1,075
1,080
1,090
1,100
1,110
1,120
1,125
1,130
1,140
1,150
1,160
1,170
1,175
1,180
1,190
1,200
1,210
1,220
1,225
1,230
1,240
1.250
1,260
1,270
1,275
1,280
1,290
1,300
1,310
1,320
1,325
1,330
1,340
1,350
1,360
1,370

226.904
229.514
232.120
234.721
236.020
237.318
239 912
242.501
245.086
247.668
248.957
250.245
252.819
255.388
257.953
260.515
261.795
263.073
265.629
268.181
270.729
273.274
274.545
275.815
278.353
280.888
283.420
285.948
287.211
288.473
290 995
293.514
296.030
298.543
299.799
301.053
303.560
306.065
308.567
311.066
312.314
313.562
316.055
318.545
321.032
323.517
324.760
326.000
328.480
330.958
333.433
335.906
337.142
338.376
340.843
343.308
345.770
348.230
349.460
350.688
353.144
355.597
358.048
360.496
361.720
362.942
365.386
367.828
370.267
372.704
373.922
375.139
377.572
380.003
382.432
384.859

1,975
2,000
2,025
2,050
2,075
2,100
2,125
2,150
2,175
2,200
2,225
2,250
2,275
2,300
2,325
2,350
2,375
2,400
2,425
2,450
2,475
2,500
2,550
2,600
2,650
2,700
2,750
2.800
2,850
2,900
2,950
3,000
3,050
3,100
3,150
3,200
3,250
3,300
3,350
3,400
3,450
3,500
3,550
3,600
3,650
3,700
3,750
3,800
3,850
3,900
3,950
4,000
4,050
4,100
4,150
4,200
4,250
4,300
4,350
4,400
4,450
4,500
4,550
4,600
4,650
4,700
4,750
4,800
4,850
4,900
4,950
5,000
5,100
5,200
5,300
5,400

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

Dimensionless
Time

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

--. 9_p_Q__

-----

to

_OE.Q___

528.337
534.145
539.945
545.737
551.522
557.299
563.068
568.830
574.585
580.332
586.072
591.086
597.532
603.252
608.965
614.672
620.372
626066
631.755
637.437
643.113
648.781
660.093
671.379
682.640
693.877
705.090
716.280
727.449
738.598
749.725
760.833
771.922
782.992
794.042
805.075
816.090
827.088
838.067
849.028
859.974
870.903
881.816
892.712
903.594
914.459
926.309
936.144
946.966
957.773
968.566
979.344
990.108
1,000.858
1,011.595
1,022.318
1,033.028
1,043.724
1,054.409
1,065.082
1,075.743
1,086.390
1,097.024
1,107.646
1 '118.257
1 '128.854
1,139.439
1,150.012
1 '160.574
1,171.125
1,181.666
1,192.198
1,213.222
1,234.203
1,255.141
1,276.037

8,900
9,000
9,100
9,200
9,300
9,400
9,500
9,600
9,700
9,800
9,900
10,000
12,500
15,000
17,500
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
75,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
125,000
1.5(10 5)
2.0(10 5)
2 5(10 5)
3.0(10 5)
4 0(10 5)
5.0(10 5)
6 0(10 5)
7.0(10 5)
8.0(10 5)
9 0(10 5)
1.0(10 6)
1.5(10 6 )
2 0(10 6 )
25(10 6)
3.0(10 6)
4 0(10 6)
5.0(10 6 )
6 0(10 6 )
7.0(10 6)
8.0(10 6)
9.0(10 6)
1.0(10 7 )
1.5(10 7 )
2.0(10 7 \
2.5(10 7 )
3.0(10 7 )
4 0(10 7 )
5.0(10 7 )
6.0(10 7 )
7.0(10 7 )
8 0(10 7 )
9 0(10 7 )
1.0(10 8)
1.5(10 8)
2 0(10 8)
2.5(10 8)
3.0(10 8)
4.0(10 8)
5 0(10 8)
6.0(10 8 )
7.0(10 8 )
8.0(10 8 )
9.0(10 8)
1.0(10 9 )
1 5(10 9 )
2 0(10 9 )
2.5(10 9)
3.0(10 9)

1,986.796
2,006.628
2,026.438
2,046.227
2,065.996
2,085.744
2,105.473
2,125.184
2,144.878
2,164.555
2,184.216
2,203.861
2,688.967
3,164.780
3,633.368
4,095.800
5,005.726
5,899.508
6,780.247
7,650.096
9,363.099
11,047.299
12,708.358
13,531.457
14,350.121
15,975.389
17,586.284
21,560.732
2.538(10 4 )
3.308(10 4 )
4.066(10 4 )
4.817(10 4 )
6.267(10 4 )
7 699(10 4 )
9.113(10 4 )
1.051(105)
1.189(10 5)
1.326(10 5)
1.462(10 5)
2.126(10 5)
2.781(10 5)
3.427(10 5)
4.064(10 5)
5.313(10 5)
6.544(10 5)
7.761(10 5)
8.965(10 5)
1 016(10 6)
1.134(10 6)
1.252(10 6)
1.828(10 6)
2.398(10 6)
2 961(10 6 )
3.517(106)
4.610(106)
5.689(10 6)
6.758(10 6)
7.816(10 6)
8.866(10 6)
9.911(10 6)
1.095(10 7 )
1.604(10 7 )
2.108(10 7 )
2.607(10 7 )
3.100(10 7 )
4.071(10 7 )
5.03 (10 7 )
5.98 (10 7 )
6.928(10 7 )
7.865(10 7 )
8.797(10 7 )
9.725(10 7 )
1.429(10 8 )
1.880(10 8)
2.328(10 8 )
2.771(10 8 )

VAN EVEADINGEN AND HUAST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EQUATIONS

113

TABLE C.4- CONTINUED

Dimensionless
DimensionCumulative
less
Productton
Time
OE.Q___

Dimensionless
Time

to

29 818
30.192
30 565
30.937
31.308
31.679
32.048
32.417
32.785
33.151
33.517
33.883
34.247
34.611
34.974
35.336
35.697
36.058
36.418
36.777
37.136
37.494
37.851
38.207
38.563
38.919
39.272
39.626
39.979
40.331
40.684
41.034
41.385
41.735
42 084

63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97

t
(days)
0.1
l. O

100.0

470
475
480
485
490
495
500
510
520
525
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
625
630
640
650
660
670
675
680
690
700
710
720
725
730

7.45x10 4

__!!_[_
6.015

7.45 X 10 5
7.45 X 10 7

7.161
7.601

Dimenstonless
Cumulative
Production

Dimensionless
Time

Dtmensionless
Cumulative
Production

Dimensionless
Time

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

Dtmensionless
Time

Dimensionless
Cumulative
Production

Oro

lo

Opo

to

Opo

lo

Opo

154.416
155.801
157.184
158.565
159.945
161.322
162.698
165.444
168.183
169.549
170.914
173.639
176.357
179.069
181.774
184.473
187.166
189.852
192.533
195.208
196.544
197.878
200.542
203.201
205.854
208.502
209.825
211.145
213.784
216.417
219 046
221.670
222.980
224.289

1,375
1.380
1,390
1,400
1,410
1,420
1,425
1,430
1,440
1,450
1,460
1,470
1,475
1,480
1,490
1,500
1,525
1,550
1,575
1,600
1,625
1,650
1,675
1.700
1.725
1,750
1,775
1,800
1,825
1,850
1,875
1,900
1,925
1,950

386.070
387.283
389.705
392.125
394 543
396.959
398.167
399.373
401.786
404.197
406.606
409 013
410.214
411.418
413.820
416.220
422.214
428.196
434.168
440.128
446.077
452.016
457.945
463.863
469 771
475.669
481.558
487.437
493.307
499.167
505.019
510.861
516.695
522.520

5,500
5,600
5,700
5,800
5,900
6,000
6,100
6,200
6,300
6,400
6,500
6,600
6,700
6.800
6,900
7,000
7,100
7.200
7.300
7,400
7,500
7,600
7,700
7,800
7,900
8,000
8,100
8,200
8,300
8,400
8,500
8,600
8,700
8,800

1,296.893
1,317.709
1,338.486
1,359.225
1,379.927
1,400.593
1,421.224
1,441.820
1,462.383
1,482.912
1,503.408
1,523.872
1,544.305
1,564.706
1,585.077
1,605.418
1.625 729
1,646.011
1,666.265
1,686.490
1,706.688
1.726 859
1,747.002
1,767.120
1,787.212
1.807.278
1,827.319
1,847.336
1,867.329
1,887.298
1,907.243
1,927.166
1,947.065
1,966.942

4.0(10 9)
5.0(10 9 )
60(10 9 )
7.0(10 9 )
8.0(10 9 )
9 0(10 91
10(10 1 d)
1.5(10 10 )
2.0(10 10 )
2.5(10 10 )
3.0(10 10 )
4.0(10 10 )
5.0(10 10 )
60(10 10 )
7 0(10 10 )
8.0(10 10 )
9.0(10 10 )
1.0(10 11 )
1.5(10 11 )
2 0(10 11 )
2.5(10 11 )
3.0(10 11 )
4.0(10 11 )
5.0(10 11 )
60(10 11 )
7.0(10 11 )
8.0(10 11 )
9 0(10 11 )
1.0(10 12 )
1.5(10 12 )
2.0(10 12 )

3.645(10 8 )
4.510(10 8 )
5.368(10 8 )
6.220(10 8 )
7.066(10 8 )
7.909(10 8 )
8.747(10 8 )
1.288(10 9 )
1.697(10 9 )
2.103(10 9 )
2 505(10 9 )
3.299(10 9 )
4.087(10 9 )
4.868(10 9 )
5.643(10 9 )
6.414(10 9 )
7.183(10 9 )
7.948(10 9 )
1.17(10 10 )
1 55(10 10 )
192(10 10 )
2 29(10 10 )
3.02(10 10 )
3.75(10 10 )
4.47(10 10 )
5.19(10 10 )
5.89(10 10 )
6.58(10 10 )
7.28(10 10 )
1.08(10 11 )
1.42(10 11 )

So urce
0.5 (In tD
+0.80907)
Table C.3
In reD

Pwj
(psi a)

2,735
2,684
2,665

Note that for reD = 2,000, the reservoir is infinite

acting at t D = 7.45 x 10 4 This means that Table C.l
rather than Table C.3 is to be u sed to determine p D;
however, for this tD, Eq. C.3, which "extends"
Table C.1, is appropriate. For t D = 7.45 x 10 5 , p D is
found in Table C.3; for tD =7.45 x 107 , PD is
calculated from Eq. C.6. Note also that
qBp.

no flow across the outer boundary (at r=re); and

constant BHP Pw at the single producing well
(centered in the reservoir) with wellbore radius r w
The solution- pressure as a function of time and
radius for fixed val u es of re r w and roe k and fluid
properties- is expressed most conveniently in terms
of dimensionless variables and parameters:
PD =f(tD,rD,reD)

where
PD

tD

0.000264 kt
2

</>p.ctr w

rD =r/r w

(300)(1.25)(0.8)
= ,000- (0.00708)(80)(12/D
3

=3,000-44.14PD

Constant Pressure at Inner Boundary,

No Flow Across Outer Boundary
This solution of the diffusivity equation models
radial flow of a slightly compressible liquid in a
homogeneous reservoir of uniform thickness;
reservoir at uniform pressure p before production;

For this problem, instantaneous rate q and

cumulative production QP are of more practica!
importance than p D and these quantities can be
derived from the fundamental solutions, p D. In
Appendix B, we showed that a dimensionless
production rate, q D, and dimensionless cumula ti ve
production, QpD can be defined as
qD

qBp.

= ---------

0.00708 kh (p- Pwj) '

114

WELL TESTING

For reD = oo and t D 2:200, q D can be approximated

as 3
(- 4.29881 + 2.02566 t D)

and

QpD=

lntD

Since both q D and QpD are based on solutions

(pD) that, for rD 1 (r=rw), depend only on tD
Dimensionless cumulative production, QpD is
presented in Tables C.4 and C.5. Table C.4 is for
infinite-acting reservoirs, and Table C.5 is for finite
reservoirs with 1.5 ~reD~ 1 X 10 6 . For reD 2:20,
values for both qD and Q D are given. In Table C.5,
for val ues of t D smaller than the smallest val u e for a
given reD, the reservoir is infinite-acting and Table
C.4 should be used. For values of tD larger than
those in the table for a given value of reD, the
reservoir has reached steady state, and
QpD

= (r~D -1)/2.

and reD, q D and QJJ.D also should depend only on t D

and reD. Table C.5 confirms this expectation. For
given reD and tD, QpD is determined uniquely.
Although the QpD solutions can be used to model
individual well problems, they more often are used to
model water influx from an aquifer of radius re into
a petroleum reservoir of radius r w for a fixed
reservoir pressure, Pwf Superposition is used to
model a variable pressure history, as illustrated in
Example C.4.

Example C.3- Use oj QpD Solutions

Problem. An oil well is produced with a constant

TABLE C.S- Opo vs. t 0

FINITE RADIAL SYSTEM WITH CLOSED EXTERIOR BOUNDARY,

CONSTANTPRESSUREATINNERBOUNDARY

feo=1.5
to

0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80

feo= 2.0

~ _!_Q__ ~
0.276
0.304
0.330
0.354
0.375
0.395
0.414
0.431
0.446
0.461
0.474
0.486
0.497
0.507
0.517
0.525
0.533
0.541
0.548
0.554
0.559
0.565
0.574
0.582
0.588
0.594
0.599
0.603
0.606
0.613
0.617
0.621
0.623
0.624

0.05
0.278
0.075 0.345
0.10
0.404
0.125 0.458
0.150 0.507
0.175 0.553
0.200 0.597
0.225 0.638
0.250 0.678
0.275 0.715
0.300 0.751
0.325 0.785
0.350 0.817
0.375 0.848
0.400 0.877
0.425 0.905
0.450 0.932
0.475 0.958
0.500 0.983
0.550 1.028
0.600 1.070
0.650 1.108
0.700 1.143
0.750 1.174
0.800 1.203
0.900 1.253
1.000 1.295
1.1
1.330
1.2
1.358
1.3
1.382
1.4
1.402
1.6
1.432
1.7
1.444
1.8
1.453
2.0
1.468
2.5
1.487
3.0
1.495
4.0
1.499
5.0
1.500

feo= 2.5
to

0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.8
4.2
4.6
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0

0.408
0.509
0.599
0.681
0.758
0.829
0.897
0.962
1.024
1.083
1.140
1.195
1.248
1.299
1.348
1.395
1.440
1.484
1.526
1.605
1.679
1.747
1.811
1.870
1.924
1.975
2.022
2.106
2.178
2.241
2.294
2.340
2.380
2.444
2.491
2.525
2.551
2.570
2.599
2.613
2.619
2.622
2.624

-feo=
- - 3.0
-to
~
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
8.00
9.00
10.00
11.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00

0.755
0.895
1.023
1.143
1.256
1.363
1.465
1.563
1.791
1.997
2.184
2.353
2.507
2.646
2.772
2.886
2.990
3.084
3.170
3.247
3.317
3.381
3.439
3.491
3.581
3.656
3.717
3.767
3.809
3.843
3.894
3.928
3.951
3.967
3.985
3.993
3.997
3.999
3.999
4.000

feo
to

1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.20
2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
8.00
8.50
9.00
9.50
10.00
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
25
30
35
40

=3.5

feo= 4.0

to

1.571
1.761
1.940
2.111
2.273
2.427
2.574
2.715
2.849
2.976
3.098
3.242
3.379
3.507
3.628
3.742
3.850
3.951
4.047
4.222
4.378
4.516
4.639
4.749
4.846
4.932
5.009
5.078
5.138
5.241
5.321
5.385
5.435
5.476
5.506
5.531
5.551
5.579
5.611
5.621
5.624
5.625

2.00
2.20
2.40
2.60
2.80
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
8.00
8.50
9.00
9.50
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
22
24
26
30
34
38
42
46
50

2.442
2.598
2.748
2.893
3.034
3.170
3.334
3.493
3.645
3.792
3.932
4.068
4.198
4.323
4.560
4.779
4.982
5.169
5.343
5.504
5.653
5.790
5.917
6.035
6.246
6.425
6.580
6.712
6.825
6.922
7.004
7.076
7.189
7.272
7.332
7.377
7.434
7.464
7.481
7.490
7.494
7.497

VAN EVERDINGEN ANO HURST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EQUATIONS

BHP of 2,000 psia for 1.0 hour from a reservoir

initially at 2,500 psia. The reservoir is finite; there is
no flow across the outer boundary. Other rock, fluid,
and well properties include the following.
B =
J-L =
k=
rw =
h =
</> =
el =
re=

1.2 RB/STB,
1 cp,
0.294md,
0.5 ft,
15ft,
0.15,
20x w- 6 psi
l,OOOft.

115

1,000
r D=-- =2,000.
e
0.5
There is no entry in Table C.5 at this t D. Thus, the
reservoir is infinite acting, and from Table C.4,
QpD =44.3. Then,
Qp=l.l19</>c 1hr; (p-Pw) QpDIB

=(1.119)(0.15)(20x 10
1,

and

(2,500

Calculate the cumulative production, QP' in barreis.

2,000)(44.3)/1.2

=0.233 STB.

Solution. We will calculate tD and 'eD and read QpD

from either Table C.4 or Table C.5.
0.000264 kt
tD=
<f>J-Lc1r;

(0.000264)(0.294)(1)
(0.15)(1)(20 X JO - 6 )(0.5) 2

6 )( 15)(0. 5) 2

103,

Example C. 4- Analysis oj Variable

Pressure History With QpD Solution
Problem. A well is completed in a reservoir with an
initial pressure of 6,000 psi. The well can be considered centered in the cylindrical reservoir; there is
no flow across the outer boundary. Reservoir, fluid,
and well properties include the following.

TABLE C.5- CONTINUED

=4.5

~
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
55
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
34
38
42
46
50
60
70
80
90
100

r80 =5.0

reo=6.0

.9..e!L

2.835
3.196
3.537
3.859
4.165
4.454
4.727
4.986
5.231
5.464
5.684
5.892
6.089
6.276
6.453
6.621
6.930
7.208
7.457
7.680
7.880
8.060
8.365
8.611
8.809
8.968
9.097
9.200
9.283
9.404
9.481
9.532
9.565
9.586
9.612
9.621
9.623
9.624
9.625

3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
34
38
42
46
50
60
70
80
90
100
120

3.195
3.542
3.875
4.193
4.499
4.792
5.074
5.345
5.605
5.854
6.094
6.325
6.547
6.760
6.965
7.350
7.706
8.035
8.339
8.620
8.879
9.338
9.731
10.07
10.35
10.59
10.80
10.98
11.26
11.46
11.61
11.71
11.79
11.91
11.96
11.98
11.99
12.00
12.00

6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
24
25
31
35
39
51
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
180
200
220

5.148
5.440
5.724
6.002
6.273
6.537
6.795
7.047
7.293
7.533
7.767
8.220
8.651
9.063
9.456
9.829
10.19
10.53
10.85
11.16
11.74
12.26
12.50
13.74
14.40
14.93
16.05
16.56
16.91
17.41
17.27
17.36
17.41
17.45
17.46
17.48
17.49
17.49
17.50
17.50
17.50

reo= 7.0
to
9.00
9.50
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
500

6.861
7.127
7.389
7.902
8.397
8.876
9.341
9.791
10.23
10.65
11.06
11.46
11.85
12.58
13.27
13.92
14.53
15.11
16.39
17.49
18.43
19.24
20.51
21.45
22.13
22.63
23.00
23.47
23.71
23.85
23.92
23.96
24.00

=8.0

to

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
24
26
28
30
34
38
40
45
50
55
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
240
280
320
360
400
500

6.861
7.398
7.920
8.431
8.930
9.418
9.895
10.361
10.82
11.26
11.70
12.13
12.95
13.74
14.50
15.23
15.92
17.22
18.41
18.97
20.26
21.42
22.46
23.40
24.98
26.26
27.28
28.11
29.31
30.08
30.58
30.91
31.12
31.34
31.43
31.47
31.49
31.50
31.50

reo=9.0
fo ~
7.417
10
15
9.945
20 12.26
22 13.13
24 13.98
26 14.79
28 15.59
30 16.35
32 17.10
34 17.82
36 18.52
38 19.19
40 19.85
42 20.48
44 21.09
46 21.69
48 22.26
50 22.82
52 23.36
54 23.89
56 24.39
58 24.88
60 25.36
65 26.48
70 27.52
75 28.48
80 29.36
85 30.18
90 30.93
95 31.63
100 32.27
120 34.39
140 35.92
160 37.04
180 37.85
200 38.44
240 39.17
280 39.56
320 39.77
360 39.88
400 39.94
440 39.97
480 39.98

reo 10.0
to ~

----

15
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
120
140
160
180
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
480

9.965
12.32
13.22
14.09
14.95
15.78
16.59
17.38
18.16
18.91
19.65
20.37
21.07
21.76
22.42
23.07
23.71
24.33
24.94
25.53
26.11
26.67
28.02
29.29
30.49
31.61
32.67
33.66
34.60
35.48
38.51
40.89
42.75
44.21
45.36
46.95
47.94
48.54
48.91
49.14
49.28
49.36

116

WELL TESTING

k = 31.6 md,

from three wells, each beginning to produce when

= 0.21,
0.33 ft,
3,300 ft,
B0
1.25 RB/STB,
h
20ft,
!lo = 0.8 cp, and
cr = 20xlo- 6 psi- 1 .
cjJ
rw
re

Pwf is changed and each producing with pressure

drawdown equal to the difference in pressures before

and after the change:
Well 1 produces for ( 18 -O) 18 months
with (p-Pw!) 6,000-5,500=500psi.
Well2 produces for (18-6) = 12 months
with (Pwf - Pwf2) = 5,500-4,500 = 1,000 psi.

The well produced for 6 months with flowing BHP

Pwj of 5,500 psi, for 6 more months withPw=4,500
psi, and for 6 more months with Pw= 5,000 psi.
Calculate cumulative production after 18 months of
production from this well.

Well 3 produces for (18- 12) = 6 months

with (Pwf2 -Pwn)=4,500-5,000= -500psi.
For this well, reD= 3,300/0.33 = 10,000.
0.000264 kt

Solution. Superposition is required to solve this

problem. We can calculate the cumulative
production by adding the cumulative production

q 0 and Opo vs. t 0

feo=

~
100
130
160
200
240
300
400
500
600
700
800
1,000
1,300
1,600
2,000
3,000

1 X 10 4
1.3 X 10 4
1.6x10 4
2 X 10 4
2.4 X 10 4
3 X 10 4
4 X 10 4
5 X 10 4
6 X 104
8 X 10 4
1 X 10 5
1.3 X 10 5
1.6x 105
2 X 10 5
2.4x10 5
3 X 10 5
4 X 105
5 X 10 5

_C/_Q_
0.1943
0.1860
0.1820
0.1742
0.1668
0.1562
0.1401
0.1236
0.1126
0.0905
0.0728
0.0524
0.0378
0.0244
0.0138
0.0082
0.0028
0.0009

2
c/J.tCrw

=50

.~
42.91
52.76
61.98
73.38
83.83
97.91
117.7
133.6
146.4
156.7
165.1
177.1
187.8
193.4
196.9
199.2

600
800
1,000
1,300
1,600
2,000
2,400
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
8,000
1 X 104
1.3x10 4
1.6x104
2 X 104
2.4 X 10 4
3 X 10 4

=200
lo

TABLE C5- (CONTINUED)

FINITE RADIAL SYSTEM WITH CLOSED EXTERIOR BOUNDARYCONSTANTPRESSUREATINNERBOUNDARY

20

____3_Q__
0.3394
0.3174
0.2975
0.2728
0.2502
0.2197
0.1770
0.1426
0.1148
0.0925
0.0745
0.0483
0.0483
0.0132
0.0056
0.0006

1D

____3_Q__
0.2652
0.2915
0.2393
0.2220
0.2060
0.1865
0.1682
0.1543
0.1133
0.0833
0.0682
0.0418
0.0254
0.0120
0.0056
0.0021
0.0006
0.0002

reo=

to

189.0
241
290
359
473
502
573
667
795
895
974
1,082
1,148
1,201
1,227
1,241
1,246
1,249

2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
8,000
1 X 10 4
1.3 X 10 4
1.6 X 10 4
2 X 10 4
2.4 X 104
3 X 104
4 X 104
5 X 10 4
6x 104
8 X 104
1 X 10 5
1.1 X 10 5

100

___!j_Q__
0.2304
0.2179
0.2070
0.1967
0.1869
0.1686
0.1536
0.1304
0.1118
0.0910
0.0741
0.0645
0.0326
0.0195
0.0117
0.0042
0.0015
0.0009

0 8o
532
757
969
1 '171
1,363
1,718
2,000
2.46 X 10 3
2.82 X 10 3
3.23 X 10 3
3.56 X 10 3
3.94 X 10 3
4.37 X 10 3
4.62 X 10 3
4.77 X 103
4.92 X 103
4.97 X 10 3
4.98 X 10 3

=500

Oeo

lo

2.19x10 3
2.77 X 10 3
3.33 X 10 3
4.04 X 10 3
4.72 X 103
5.69 X 10 3
7.17x10 3
8.50 X 10 3
9.68 X 103
1.17 X 10 4
1.33x10 4
1.52 X 10 4
1.65 X 104
1.78 X 10 4
1.86 X 10 4
1.92 X 10 4
1.97x104
1.99x10 4

1 X 10 5
1.3x 10 5
1.6x10 5
2 X 10 5
2.4 X 105
3 X 10 5
4 X 10 5
5 X 10 5
6 X 105
8 X 10 5
1 X 106
1.3x10 6
1.6x106
2 X 10 6
2.4x 10 6
3 X 10 6
4 X 106
5 X 10 6

____3_Q__
0.1566
0.1498
0.1435
0.1354
0.1277
0.1170
0.1012
0.0875
0.0756
0.0565
0.0422
0.0273
0.0176
0.0098
0.0055
0.0023
0.0005
0.0001

Oeo

to

1.75x 10 4
2.21 X 10 4
2.65 X 10 4
3.21 X 10 4
3.73x 104
4.47 X 10 4
5.56 X 10 4
6.50 X 10 4
7.31 X 104
8.62 X 10 4
9.60 X 104
1.06x 10 5
1.13x105
1.18 X 10 5
1.21 X 10 5
1.23 X 10 5
1.25 X 10 5
1.25x 10 5

3 X 10 4
4 X 104
5 X 10 4
1 X 10 5
2x 10 5
3 X 10 5
4x 10 5
5 X 10 5
6x 10 5
7 X 10 5
8 X 10 5
9 X 10 5
1 X 106
1.4x10 6
2x 10 6
2.4 X 106
3x 106
4 X 10 6
5x 10 6
7 X 106
8.4x 106
1 X 10 7
1.4x10 7
2 X 10 7
3 X 10 7

Notes: 1. For to smaller than values listed in this table for a given reD reservoir is infinite acting. F1nd Opo m Tab!e CA.
2. For t 0 larger than values 11sted in ths table. OpD (reol2 -1/2.
3. For to larger than values listed in this table. qD 0.0.

____3_Q__
0.1773
0.1729
0.1697
0.1604
0.1518
0.1464
0.1416
0.1371
0.1327
0.1285
0.1244
0.1204
0.1166
0.1024
0.0844
0.0741
0.0610
0.0442
0.0320
0.0167
0.0106
0.0063
0.0017
0.0004
0.0000

Oeo
5.89 X 103
7.64 X 103
9.35 X 10 3
1.76x 10 4
3.32 X 10 4
4.80 X 10 4
6.24 X 10 4
7.64 X 10 4
8.98 X 104
1.03 X 10 5
1.16x 10 5
1.23 X 10 5
1.40 X 105
1.83 X 10 5
2.39 X 10 5
2.71 X 10 5
3.11x105
3.63 X 10 5
4.01 X 10 5
4.48 X 10 5
4.67 X 10 5
4.80 X 10 5
4.95 X 10 5
4.99 X 10 5
5.00 X 10 5

117

VAN EVERDINGEN ANO HURST SOLUTIONS TO DIFFUSIVITY EOUATIONS

QpD = 1.06 X 10 7 ,

(0.000264)(31.6)(730 hr /month){t months)

(0.21)(0.8)(2x 10- 5 )(0.33)2

Qp =(8.19 X 10 - 6 )(

1.664x 10 7 (tmonths).

= -0.434 X 10 5 .
Then

ForWell1, tD=(l.664x 10 7 )(18)=3.0x 10 8 .

Qp =Qp!

From Table C.5,

QpD =2.54 X 107 ,

C.1 An oil well is producing from a reservoir

900 ft) with no fluid crossing the o u ter boundary of the reservo ir. Initial reservo ir pressure is
3,000 psia. Pressure in the wellbore is maintained at
2,000 psia. Well and reservoir properties include the
following:
cp = 0.21,
k= 80md,
e1 = 20 x 10 - 6 psi - 1 ,
r w = 0.45 ft,
;, = 0.8 cp,
h = 12ft, and
B = 1.2 RB/STB.
(re

. (p- Pwf) QpDI 1.25

=8.19x 10- 6 (p-PwJ)QpD

= (8.19 X 10- 6 )(500)(2.54 X 10 7 )
1.04 x 10 5 STB.

For Well2, t D = (1.664 X 10 7 )(12) = 2.0 X 108.

QpD = 1.89 X 10 7 ,
QP =(8.19x 10- 6 )(1,000)(1.89x 10 7 )

1.55 X 10 5 STB.

Calculate instantaneous rate and cumulative production after 1.0 day of production.

For Well3, t D = (1.664 X 10 7 )(6) = 1.0 X 108.

TABLE C.S -(CONTINUED)

feo= 2,000
fo

1 X 10 5
2 X 10 5
3x 10 5
4 X 10 5
5 X 10 5
6x 105
7x 105
8x 10 5
9x 10 5
1 X 10 6
1.3 X 106
1.6x 106
2 X 106
2.4 X 106
3 X 10 6
4x 106
5x 106
7 X 106
1 X 10 7
1.3x10 7
1.7x10 7
2x 10 7
2.4 X 10 7
3 X 10 7
4 X 10 7
5 X 10 7
7x 10 7
1 X 10 8
1.3x108

Notes:

t. For
2. For

_!lQ_
0.1604
0.1520
0.1475
0.1445
0.1422
0.1404
0.1389
0.1375
0.1363
0.1352
0.1320
0.1291
0.1254
0.1216
0.1166
0.1084
0.1008
0.0872
0.0701
0.0563
0.0421
0.0339
0.0253
0.0164
0.0079
0.0038
0.0009
0.0001
0.0000

105

Exercises

= (1.119)(0.21)(2 X 10- 5 )(20)(0.33) 2

+ Qp2 + Qp3

1.04 X 10 5 + 1.55 X 10 5 -0.434 X

= 2.16 X 10 5 STB.

QP = 1.119 cpc 1 hr~ (p- Pw) QpDI B

500)(1.06 X 10 7 )

feo= 4,000

0 8o

6.27 X 10 4
7.70 X 10 4
9.11x10 4
1.05x 10 5
1.19 X 10 5
1.33x10 5
1.46 X 10 5
1.86 X 10 5
2.25 X 10 5
2.76 X 10 5
3.26 X 10 5
3.97 X 10 5
5.10 X 10 5
6.14x10 5
8.02 X 10 5
1.04 X 10 6
1.23 X 106
1.42 X 106
1.53 X 106
1.65 X 10 6
1.78 X 10 6
1.89 X 10 6
1.95x106
1.99x10 6
2.00 X 106
2.00 X 10 6

fo

qo

9x 105
1 X 106
1.3 X 10 6
1.6x10 6
2 X 10 6
2.4x 106
3x 106
4 X 10 6
5 X 106
6 X 106
8x 10 6
1 X 10 7
1.2x10 7
1.4x10 7
1.6x 10 7
18x107
2x 107
2.3 X 10 7
3 X 10 7
4 X 10 7
5 X 10 7
7x 10 7
8 X 10 7
9 X 10 7
1 X 10 8
1.2 X 10 8
1.4x 108
1.7x108
2 X 10 8
2.3 X 10 8
2.6 X 10 8
3x 108
4x 108
5 X 10 8

0.1366
0.1356
0.1333
0.1315
0.1296
0.1280
0.1262
0.1237
0.1215
0.1194
0.1155
0.1118
0.1081
0.1046
0.1012
0.0979
0.0948
0.0902
0.0803
0.0681
0.0577
0.0415
0.0352
0.0298
0.0252
0.0181
0.0130
0.0079
0.0048
0.0029
0.0018
0.0009
0.0002
0.0000

feo

0 8o

2.26 X 10 5
2.78 X 10 5
3.30 X 105
4.06 X 10 5
5.31 X 10 5
6.54 X 10 5
7.74x 105
1.01 X 10 6
1.24x10 6
1.46 X 106
1.67 X 106
1.87 X 10 6
2.07 X 106
2.27 X 106
2.54 X 106
3.14 X 10 6
3.88 X 106
4.51 X 106
5.49 X 106
5.87 X 106
6.20 X 106
6.47 X 106
6.90 X 10 6
7.21 X 106
7.52 X 106
7.71 X 10 6
7.82 X 10 6
7.89 X 10 6
7.94 X 106
7.99 X 106
8.00 X 10 6

fo

qo

Oeo

3x 106
4 X 106
5 X 10 6
6x 10 6
8 X 10 6
1 X 107
1.2 X 10 7
1.4x10 7
1.6 X 10 7
1.8x10 7
2 X 10 7
2.4 X 10 7
3 X 10 7
4 X 10 7
5 X 10 7
7 X 10 7
8x 107
9 X 10 7
1 X 10 8
1.2 X 10 8
1.4 X 108
1.7x108
2x 10 8
2.4 X 108
3x 10 8
4 X 10 8
5x 108
6x 108
7 X 108
8x 10 8
1 X 10 9
1.4 X 109
2 X 109
3 X 10 9

0.1263
0.1240
0.1222
0.1210
0.1188
0.1174
0.1162
0.1152
0.1143
0.1135
0.1128
0.1115
0.1098
0.1071
0.1050
0.0998
0.0975
0.0952
0.0930
0.0887
0.0846
0.0788
0.0734
0.0668
0.0580
0.0458
0.0362
0.0286
0.0226
0.0178
0.0111
0.0043
0.0011
0.0001

4.06x 10 5
5.31 X 10 5
6.76 X 10 5
7.76 X 10 5
1.02 X 10 6
1.25 X 106
1.49 X 106
1.72 X 10 6
1.95 X 10 6
2.17 X 106
2.40 X 10 6
2.85 X 106
3.51 X 106
4.60 X 106
5.66 X 10 6
7.70 X 106
8.69x 106
9.65x 106
1.06x10 7
1.24x107
1.41x107
1.66x10 7
1.89x10 7
2.17x10 7
2.54 X 10 7
3.06 X 10 7
3.47x 10 7
3.79 X 107
4.04 X 10 7
4.24 X 10 7
4.53 X 10 7
4.82 X 107
4.96 X 10 7
5.00 X 10 7

lo smaller !han values listed in this table for a given r 80 , reservo iris inftnite acting. Find Opo tn Table C.4.
lo larger than values listed in this table, Opo ~ (r80 2 -112.

3. For 10 larger than values listed in this table, q 0 "'0.0.

1.0 (10 4 )

118

WELL TESTING

C.2 A single oil well is producing in the center of a

circular, full water-drive reservo ir. The pressure at
the oil/water contact is constant at 3,340 psia and the
radial distance to the oil/water contact is 1,500 ft.
The well produced for the first 15 days at a rate of
500 STB/0, the next 14 days at 300 STB/0, and the
last day at 200 STB/0. Calculate the cumulative
production and wellbore pressure at the end of 30
days.
cjJ
0.20,
75md,
k
17. 5 x 10 - 6 psi - 1 ,
0.5 ft,
0.75 cp,
15ft,and
1.2 RB/STB.
C.3 An oil reservoir is initially ata pressure, p, of
2,734 psia. If the boundary pressure is suddenly
lowered to 2,724 psia and held there, calculate the
cumulative water influx into the reservoir after 100,
200, 400, and 800 days. Reservoir and aquifer
properties include the following.

0.2,
k= 83 md,
C
8 X 10- 6 psi-!,
rw
3000 ft (reservoir radius),
re
30,000 ft (aquifer radius),
J1- = 0.62 cp, and
h = 40ft.
cjJ =

C.4 If, in Exercise C.3, the reservoir boundary

pressure suddenly dropped to 2,704 psia at the end of
100 days, calculate the total water influx at 400 days
total elapsed time.

References
l. van Everdingen, A. F. and Hurst, W.: "The Application of the
Laplace Transformation to Flow Problems in Reservoirs,"
Trans., AIME (1949) 186, 305-324.
2. Chatas, A.T.: "A Practica! Treatment of Nonsteady-State
Flow Problems in Reservoir Systems," Pet. Eng. (Aug. 1953)
B-44 through B-56.
3. Edwardson, M.J. et al.: "Calculation of Formation Temperature Disturbances Caused by Mud Circulation," J. Pet.
Tech. (Aprill962) 416-426; Trans., AIME, 225.

TABLE C.S- (CONTINUED)

feo =2.5(10
to

qo

3 X 10 7
4 X 10 7
6 X 10 7
7x 10 7
8 X 10 7
9 X 10 7
1 X 10 8
1.4 X 10 8
2 X 10 8
2.6x 108
3x 10 8
3.3 X 108
3.6 X 108
4 X 10 8
4.4 X 10 8
5x 10 8
5.4 X 10 8
6 X 10 8
6.4 X 10 8
7x 10 8
7.4 X 10 8
8 X 10 8
8.4 X 108
9 X 10 8
1 X 10 9
1.3 X 109
1.6 X 10 9
2 X 10 9
2.4 X 10 9
3 X 10 9
4 X 10 9
5x 109
6 X 10 9
8 X 10 9
1 X 10 10
1.4 X 10 10
2 X 10 10
3x10 10

0.1103
0.1086
0.1064
0.1054
0.1047
0.1041
0.1035
0.1016
0.0993
0.0973
0.0960
0.0950
0.0940
0.0927
0.0915
0.0896
0.0804
0.0866
0.0855
0.0837
0.0826
0.0809
0.0798
0.0782
0.0756
0.0683
0.0616
0.0538
0.0469
0.0382
0.0272
0.0193
0.0138
0.0070
0.0035
0.0009
0.0001
0.0000

feo= 1.0(105)

Op.o

feo= 2.5(10 5 )

feo=1.0(10 6 )

qo
fo
qo
fo
to
QE.O
___!}_Q__
OE. o
OE. o
1.4x10 8 0.1017
2 X 10 9 0.0897
2 X 1010 0.0813
2 X 10 8 0.1000
3 X 10 9 0.0881
3 X 10 10 0.0800
4 X 10 10 0.0791
6.77x10 6 2.4 X 10 8 0.0990
4 X 10 9 0.0870
7.83 X 106
5x 109 0.0861 4.51 X 108
6 X 10 10 0.0778
3 X 108 0.0980 3.10x107
8.86x10 6 3.5x10 8 0.0971 3.59 X 10 7
6 X 109 0.0854 5.37 X 10 8
8 X 10 10 0.0770
9.93 X 10 7
4 X 10 8 0.0966 4.07 X 10 7
7 X 10 9 0.0849 6.22 X 10 8
1 X 10 11 0.0763 7.95 X 10 10
1.10x 10 7 5x 10 8 0.0956 5.03 X 10 7 8x 10 9 0.0844 7.07 X 108 1.3 X 10 11 0.0756 1.02 X 10 10
1.51x10 7
6x 10 8 0.0948 5.98 X 10 7 1 X 10 10 0.0836 8.75 X 108 1.6x10 11 0.0750 1.25x10 10
2 X 10 11 0.0743 1.55x10 10
2.11 X 10 7
7 X 10 8 0.0941 6.93 X 10 7 1.4 X 10 10 0.0824 1.21x10 9
2.70x 10 7 8x 108 0.0935 7.87 X 10 7 2 X 10 10 0.0809 1.70 X 10 9 2.4 X 10 11 0.0737 1.84x10 10
3 X 10 11 0.0730 2.28 X 10 10
3.09x 10 7 8.4 X 10 8 0.0933 8.24 X 10 7 3 X 10 10 0.0787 2.49 X 10 9
3.37x10 7
9 X 108 0.0930 8.80 X 10 7 4 X 10 10 0.0766 3.27 X 10 9
4 X 10 11 0.0719 3.21 X 10 10
3.66x 10 7
1 X 10 9 0.0925 9.73 X 10 7 4.4 X 10 10 0.0757 3.58 X 10 9
5x 10 11 0.0709 3.72 X 10 10
4.03x10 7 1.4x10 9 0.0911 1.34 X 10 8 4.7 X 10 10 0.0751 3.80 X 10 9
6 X 10 11 0.0697 4.42 X 10 10
7 X 10 11 0.0686 5.11x10 10
4.40x10 7
2 X 10 9 0.0896 1.80x 10 8 5 X 10 10 0.0745 4.03 X 109
4.94x10 7
3 X 10 9 0.0877 2.77 X 10 8 5.4 X 10 10 0.0737 4.32 X 10 9
8x 10 11 0.0676 6.32 X 10 10
1 X 10 12 0.0656 7.13x10 10
4 X 10 9 0.0861 3.64 X 10 8 6 X 10 10 0.0725 4.76 X 10 9
5.30 X 10 7
7
10
9
9
8
5.82 X 10
5 X 10
0.0845 4.49 X 10
7x10
0.0705 5.48 X 10
1.2 X 10 12 0.0636 8.42 X 10 10
6.17x10 7
6 X 10 9 0.0829 5.33 X 108 7.4x 10 10 0.0698 5.76 X 10 9 1.4 X 10 12 0.0617 9.67 X 10 10
6.67x10 7
7 X 10 9 0.0814 6.15x10 8 8 X 10 10 0.0686 6.17x10 9 1.5x10 12 0.0607 1.03x10 12
8 X 10 9 0.0799 6.95 X 10 8 8.4 X 10 10 0.0679 6.42 X 10 9
7.01 X 10 7
7.50x10 7
9 X 10 9 0.0784 7.75 X 10 8 9 X 10 10 0.0668 6.85 X 10 9 >1.5x10 12 notdetermined.
7.82x 10 7 1 X 10 10 0.0770 8.52 X 108 1 X 10 11 0.0658 7.51 X 109
8.29x10 7 1.3x10 10 0.0728 1.08x109 1.1 X 10 11 0.0632 8.15 X 10 9
9.06x10 7 1.6x10 10 0.0689 1.29x10 9 1.3x10 11 0.0593 9.38 X 10 9
1.12x108 2 X 10 10 0.0639 1.56x109 1.6x 10 11 0.0551 1.11 X 10 10
1.32 X 10 8 2.4 X 10 10 0.0594 1.80 X 10 9 2 X 10 11 0.0494 1.32x10 10
1.55 X 10 8 3 X 10 10 0.0531 2.14x10 9 2.4x10 11 0.0443 1.51x10 10
1.75x 108 4 X 10 10 0.0441 2.62 X 10 9 3x 10 11 0.0376 1.75x10 10
2.00 X 10 8 5 X 10 10 0.0366 3.03 X 10 9 4 X 10 11 0.0286 2.08x 10 10
2.33 X 108 6 X 10 10 0.0304 3.36 X 109 5 X 10 11 0.0217 2.33 X 10 10
2.56x 108 7 X 10 10 0.0253 3.64 X 109 7 X 10 11 0.0126 2.67 X 10 10
2.72 X 10 8 8 X 10 10 0.0210 3.87 X 10 9 1 X 10 12 0.0055 2.92 X 10 10
2.92 X 10 8 9 X 10 10 0.0174 4.06 X 10 9 1.3x10 12 0.0024 3.04 X 10 10
3.02x 108 1 X 10 11 0.0145 4.22 X 109 1.6x10 12 0.0011 3.09 X 10 10
3.10x10 8 1.3x10 11 0.0083 4.55 X 10 9 2 X 10 12 0.0004 3.11x10 10
3.12 X 10 8 1.6x10 11 0.0048 4.74 X 10 9
3.12x 108 2 X 10 11 0.0023 4.88 X 109
2.4 X 10 11 0.0011 4.94 X 109
3x 10 11 0.0004 4.98 X 10 9
3.4 X 10 11 0.0002 4.99 X 109
4 X 10 11 0.0001 5.00x 109
Notes: 1. For t 0 smalter than values listed in this table for a given 'e O reservo iris infinite acling. Find Opo in Table C.4.
2 Forro larger !han val ues listed in this table, Opo" (reol2 -1112.
3. For t 0 larger than values listed in this table, q 0 : 0.0.