EXNO.

5 ANALYSIS OF CAPACITY OF A CELLULAR SYSTEM WITH OUTAGE

Date:29-11-13
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the capacity with outage of a cellular system with respect to the received
SNR.
THEORY
Capacity with outage is applicable to slow varying channels where the received SNR is
constant over a large number of transmissions and then changes to a new value based
on the fading distribution. If the channel has received SNR during a burst then data can
be sent over the channel with less probability of error. Since the transmitter is not aware
of the SNR value it must fix a transmission rate independent of the instantaneous
received SNR. If the channel is with capacity with outage then there is a probability of
decoding the transmitted bits incorrectly. The transmitter fixes up a minimum SNR value
for which a transmitted data is correctly transmitted if its instantaneous SNR is greater
than this value .In case the SNR does not satisfy the requirement then the bits received
in the transmission burst cannot be decoded correctly with probability approaching one
and the receiver declares an outage. The average rate at which data is correctly
received depends on 1-P
out
. Hence the value of minimum SNR is decided based on the
acceptable outage probability
MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS
Outage probability ,P
0
=1-exp(-/
avg
)
=received SNR

avg
=average SNR
Capacity with outage, C=log
2
(1+ )bps/Hz

ALGORITHM
1. Set the input parameters as varying from .001 to 100 and
avg
as 20, 50, 100, 800
2. Calculate the outage probability with these values
3. Plot outage probability as a function of
4. Calculate the channel capacity per bandwidth
5.Plot Channel capacity/Hz versus the outage probability
SIMULATION TOOL OPTIONS
1. Matlab 7.0.1.
2. Agilent System Vue 2011.
MATLAB code
clear all;
close all;
clc;
ga_avg=[20 50 100 800];
gam=.001:.001:100;
for j=1:length(ga_avg)
for i=1:length(gam)
x=exp(-gam(i)/ga_avg(j));
pout(j,i)=1-x;
end
end
semilogx(gam,pout(:,[1:length(gam)]));
xlabel('SNR');
ylabel('outage');
for i=1:length(gam)
c(i)=log2(1+gam(i));
end
figure;
semilogx(pout(:,[1:length(gam)]),c);
xlabel('outage');
ylabel('capacity/Bandwidth');

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The outage probability plotted as a function of the received SNR is shown in figure 1. It
can be seen from the figure that when the instantaneous SNR value is lesser than the
average SNR value the probability of outage is less. While the SNR value exceeds the
average SNR the outage probability also increases. This means that the probability of
receiving power less than the minimum power requirement increases with increase in
SNR value. This is because we have considered outage probability for an exponential
distribution of SNR. Whenever the SNR value is greater than the Average SNR the
exponential function decreases and when we subtract this function from one we get an
increasing Outage probability.

Figure 1 Outage probability Versus the received SNR
It can also be seen from figure 1 that for increase in average SNR the outage probability
drops down. This is because when the average SNR increases the exponential function
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
0
10
1
10
2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
SNR
o
u
t
a
g
e

p
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
t
y


average SNR =13dB
average SNR =17dB
average SNR =20dB
average SNR =29dB
of the ratio of received SNR to the average SNR increases thereby leading to a drop in
outage probability.
In figure 2 we have plotted the normalized capacity C/B with respect to the outage
probability P
out.
We

can observe that the capacity increases with increase in outage
probability. For smaller values of P
out
capacity approaches zero in order to account for
the fact that bits transmitted under severe fading must be decoded correctly.

Figure 2 Capacity Versus outage probability
These High values of capacity for larger outage probabilities have high probability of
incorrect data reception. The average rate for proper reception can be maximized by
finding the minimum SNR or P
out
that will maximize the capacity value. Hence the
capacity is adjusted according to the SNR values and P
out
for proper decoding of the
received data.
CONCLUSION
Thus the analysis of the capacity with has been done using MATLAB. The variation of
the channel capacity with respect to the outage probability has been obtained.


10
-6
10
-5
10
-4
10
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Outage Probability
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
/
B
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h


average SNR=13dB
average SNR=17dB
average SNR=20dB
average SNR=29dB
REFERENCES
1. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press,
2007.
2. Castaeda-Camacho, J. ; Lara-Rodriguez, D., Tele traffic Analysis of an Overlaid
System Using CDMA and TDMA With Cell Coverage Area Restriction, IEEE
Transactions on Vehicular Technology , Volume: 57, Issue: 2 , pp. 828 846,
2008.
3. A.F. Toledo, A.M.D. Turkmani, and J.D. Parsons, Estimating coverage of radio
transmission into and within buildings at 900, 1800, and 2300 MHz, IEEE
Personal Communications Magazine, pp. 4047, April 1998.
4. G.K. Chan, Propagation and coverage prediction for cellular radio systems,
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol VT-40, No. 4, pp. 665670,
Nov. 1991.