Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
49
Institute of Wheat and Sunower 9520, General Toshevo, Bulgaria; 2 Station DAmelioration des Plantes, 5030
Gembloux, Belgium; 3 Institute of Genetic Engineering 2232, Kostinbrod-2, Bulgaria
Key words: Triticum aestivum, Aegilops variabilis, powdery mildew resistance, addition and substitution lines
Summary
Winter hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was crossed with Aegilops variabilis to transfer resistance to
powdery mildew into wheat. Following two backcrosses to wheat and from 5 to 9 generations of selng, several
disomic addition and substitution lines of hexaploid wheat resistant to the mildew pathogen were isolated.
A pair of short satellited chromosomes was always observed in the resistant lines. Further evidence utilizing
as markers for homoeologous group 1 HMW glutenin subunits and DNA hybridization with probe pGBX 3076
showed that an alien substitution involved this homoeologous group.
Introduction
Groups
Generation of
selection
Selected lines
Line 3
Lines 2; 8, 28-7
Lines 4; 5; 6; 7;
10; 6-9
Lines 9; 11; 12; 11-8;
11-9; 5-2; 18-1; 121
37-3; 52-1; 104-5
BC1 F6
BC1 F6 ; BC2 F8
BC1 F6 -F7
BC1 F5 -F9 ; BC2 F7 -F9
DNA hybridization
DNA was extracted from leaves of the different lines,
including common wheat cv. Chinese Spring and
its nullisomic 1A tetrasomic 1B line (= N1AT1B).
Genomic DNA (10 g per line) was digested with
Hind III and DraI and run overnight on a 0.8% agarose
F1 genotype
2
2
3
Univalents/cell
(Mean SE)
238
271
239
3
8
8
Cells
scored
6
47
10
0
0
7
1.92
0.65
1.76
24.4
42.4
24
63
9.6
52
6.5
0
7
0.051
0.042
0.063
Table 3. Somatic chromosome number and number of observable satellited chromosomes (%) in
common wheat cv. Rusalka, Ae. variabilis and substitution lines derived from them
Parents
Lines
2n
Rusalka
Ae. variabilis
5-2
11-8
11-9
28-7
37-3
52-1
42
28
42
42
42
42
42
42, 43,
42 + t, 42 + 2t
Cells
scored
100
160
80
240
125
180
165
110
8.2
17.2
10
9.3
23.1
15.2
30.4
20
0
3.2
4.8
0
0
2.6
0
0
0.02
0.04
0
0
0.01
0.03
0
0
0.9
6.6
1.5
0
2.8
0
0
0
38.8
22.3
21.6
28.2
51
18.8
26.1
31.4
37.8
17.2
20.6
26.3
7.7
34.1
8.7
25.2
14.3
33.4
41.5
36.2
15.4
29.3
34.8
23.4
Cells
scored
Number of univalents
1
2
3
Mean
Line 11-8
F1 (11-8 Rusalka)
F1 (11-8 Chinese Spring)
F1 (6-9 11-8)
86
183
50
278
8
66
26
73
0.19
1.60
1.63
1.40
4
101
15
133
0
8
8
11
SE
0.054
0.048
0.109
0.054
Figure 1. SDS PAGE patterns of the HMW glutenin subunits of the following wheat lines: 1-line 11-8; 2-line 6-9; 3-line 8; 4-line 3; 5-line 2;
6-Rusalka; and 7-Ae. variabilis. Plants of lanes 1 to 5 are wheat Ae. variabilis selections (see text).
References
Bang, R. & H. Hulsbergen, 1992. Triticum aestivum-Aegilops
kotschyi introgression lines with eyespot resistance. EWAC
Newsletter 1992: 50.
Cermeno, M.C., J. Orellana, J.L. Santos & J.R. Lacadena, 1984.
Nucleolar activity and competition (amphiplasty) in the genus
Aegilops. Heredity 53: 603611.
Driscoll, C.J., 1975. First compendium of wheat-alien chromosome
lines. Wheat Newsletter 21: 1632.
Friebe, B. & M. Heun, 1989. C-banding pattern and powdery mildew
resistance of Triticum ovatum and four T. aestivum-T. ovatum
chromosome addition lines. Theor. Appl. Genet. 78: 417424.
Lacadena, J.R. & M.C. Cermeno, 1985. Nucleolus organizer competition in Triticum aestivum-Aegilops umbellulata chromosome
addition lines. Theor. Appl. Genet. 71: 278283.