2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 1



Project 6.1.1: Student Response Sheet

Introduction
Anna Garcia was only 38 when she died, meaning that at least one of her body
systems was no longer able to support life. The failure of one or more of her body
systems may be the result of injury due to an accident or could be the result of an
illness or a combination of illnesses. Before we can determine which system or
systems failed or what caused the failure which led to her death, we have to learn
more about the human body.

The human body is an amazing machine composed of many interrelated systems
which are in turn composed of cells, tissues, and organs that act independently and
interdependently within the body. No individual component of a human body works
alone. Components of each system in the body affect or interact with every other
system. The body is dependent upon the many interactions between all systems and
structures to maintain homeostasis and health. In this activity you will investigate the
different body systems that make up the human body and explore all of the ways
Annas various illnesses affected each body system, potentially resulting in her
premature death.

Procedure:

1. Look back in your course file and list all of the ways each body system was
impacted by the illness or disease Anna Garcia experienced in her life.
2. Reference Autopsy Reports, Medical Histories and past lab activities to help you
organize this information.
3. Record any evidence that shows how the illness or disease may have been
involved with her untimely death.
4. Be specific about relationships between body systems and illness. You will use
this chart to help construct your final timeline that explains how Anna died.
5. You will need to eventually upload this document to your e-portfolio under Annas
Cause of Death.










2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 2


Part II: Annas Illnesses

Illnesses Effect on System (if applicable)

Diabetes Sickle Cell
Anemia
Heart Disease Urinary Tract
Infection
Cardiovascular









High blood
sugar for an
extended
period of time
can hurt the
blood vessels.
When the
blood vessels
are damaged,
the
cardiovascular
system cannot
work properly



The
cardiovascular
system works
harder with
SCA because
the body
needs more
blood pumped
to get
sufficient
oxygen
It can hurt the
heart-heart
attacks.
Blood flow
may not be
as good
since the
heart is not at
its full
potential
Sepsis-
causes the
body to shut
down, and it
stops
running as it
should







Digestive









Gastroparesis-
vagus nerve
which controls
the
functioning of
the stomach
Bilirubin
gallstones -
sickle cells die
in 20 days; liver
breaks down
the bilirubin;
extra bilirubin
can become a
gallstone in the
gallbladder


(bilirubin forms
bile)





Intestinal
Ischema-
blood flow
not sufficient
to the
digestive
tract. It can
not work
properly
then. It can
not absorb
food or
nutrients
Sepsis
Immune






The
deterioration
of the blood
cells can
cause less
immunity
because the
The risk for
contracting an
infection rises
when
someone has
SCA
The
decreased
number of
immune cells
make you
more
susceptible
Increased
production of
lymphocytes
(B & T cells)
and antibodies
against the
bacteria;
2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 3




cells are not
nourished
to disease
since blood
flow is
decreased
Inflammatory
response (may
increase
additional UTI
and/or
damage to
urinary tract
structures.
Nervous









Diabetic
Neuropathies-
nerve damage
can occur,
causing pain
Stokes are
more common
in the CNS
because of the
blockages
from the
shaped
hemoglobin
Heart disease
can affect the
sympa and
para
sympathetic
nervous
systems
Sepsis
Respiratory









diabetic
ketoacidosis-
occurs when
there is no/not
enough insulin
and the body
burns fats
producing
ketones. This can
cause shortness
of breath
Acute chest
syndrome can
occur-bouts of
pain. Harder to
breath while
doing activites
Shortness of
breath-blood
can not flow
as well not
taking
oxygen as
much as
possible
Sepsis
Urinary









High blood
glucose levels
can promote
bacterial
growth,
increasing the
risk for UTI.
Kidney
damage can
also occur
from the nerve
damage
UTIs are more
common.
Haematuria-
blood in the
urine
Damaged can
be caused to
kidneys by
lack of blood
flow
sepsis

Sources Used:
http://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-complications/diabetic-ketoacidosis.html
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/sickle_cell_crisis/page3_em.htm