SWISSGERMAN UN

IVERSITY

ENGINEERING STATISTICS

ASSIGNMENT

Group Member:
(NIM) (STUDENT NAME)
(NIM) (STUDENT NAME)
(NIM) (STUDENT NAME)
(NIM) (STUDENT NAME)

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

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SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY

EduTown BSDCity
Tangerang 15339
INDONESIA
Telp. +62 21 3045 0045
Fax. +62 21 3045 0001
E-mail: info@sgu.ac.id
www.sgu.ac.id
2014

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CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
4
2. RESEARCH PROBLEMS
4
3. OBJECTIVES
4
4. RESEARCH SCOPE AND LIMITATION (if any)
4
5. HYPOTHESIS
5
6. METHODOLOGY
5
7. DATA COLLECTION (Including questionnaire design and data tabulation)
5
8. DATA PROCESS
7
8.1. DATA VALIDATION................................................................................................................7
..........................................................................................................................................................8
From the tables above, we can conclude that all the cases are valid. There are no invalid cases
input to the table, in both average hour of sleep and GPA data.........................................................9
HYPOTHESIS TESTING.................................................................................................................9
9. RESULT AND ANALYSIS
9
10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
13
11. REFERENCES (these are the examples)
13

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1. INTRODUCTION

2. RESEARCH PROBLEMS
(What problems to be addressed)
Research problems are identified and formulated from the scope of the research. They
are selected as the ones the research is going to address. Here is only example of
research problems from a research entitled Breast Cancer Among Black Women.
1. The higher incidence of breast cancer among black Women.
2. The increased risk of diagnosis with advance-stage breast cancer among black
women.
3. The higher mortality rate among black women who are diagnosed with breast
cancer.
3. OBJECTIVES
(What targets should be achieved)
Research objectives consist of general objective and specific objectives. Based on the
research problems the research tries to solve, the objectives are formulated. For
example, in relation to the topic discussed, research objectives are as follows.
1.To observe the participation patterns of black women in relation to breast cancer
screening.
2.To determine the extent to which black women receive follow-up treatment if breast
cancer is detected, and to ascertain the nature of the intervention.
4. RESEARCH SCOPE AND LIMITATION (if any)

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5. HYPOTHESIS
Example from the related research topic.
Hypothesis # 1: Subjects with a higher educational level will demonstrate higher rates
of breast
cancer screening than those with lower levels of education.
Hypothesis #2: Subjects from higher income levels will demonstrate higher rates of
breast cancer
screening than those from lower income level.
Hypothesis #3: Subjects with a family history of breast cancer will demonstrate higher
rates of breast cancer screening.
6. METHODOLOGY
(How research will be carried out)
There are various kinds of research. This guideline outlines five of them, i.e.,
evaluation research, experimental research, hardware and software design, simulation
and modeling, and unique research such as in the information technology. Other type
of research will be rather inclusive, and should be discussed with the advisors.

7. DATA COLLECTION (Including questionnaire design and data tabulation)

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From the questionnaire, the data which is collected is the SGU students
faculty, gender, GPA, and how long they sleep. The data which is processed
are only their average hours of sleep and the GPA. The rest are just for cases
label.
Here are the data which have been collected from SGU students :

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The data is input to SPSS and processed. From the data,a few classifications
based on range of hours of sleep and students GPA are made to simplify the
collection of data. Hence, data tabulation in a form of table is created below :

2.51
4 hours
5 hours
6 hours
7 hours
8 hours
Total

2.75
0
1
0
1
0
5

Students Cumulative GPA

2.76
3.01
3.26
3.51
3.00
1
1
3
0
0
2

3.25
0
0
3
2
1
6

3.50
0
0
2
9
0
11

3.75
0
1
0
1
3
5

3.76
4.00
0
0
0
0
1
1

Total
1
3
8
13
5
30

8. DATA PROCESS
8.1. DATA VALIDATION
Data validation helps identify suspicious and invalid cases, variables, and data
values in the active data set.
Statistics
Average Hours
of Sleep
N

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Valid
Missing

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0

Cumulative GPA
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Frequency Table
Average Hours of Sleep
Cumulative
Valid

4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
Total

Frequency
1
3
8
13
5

Percent
3.3
10.0
26.7
43.3
16.7

Valid Percent
3.3
10.0
26.7
43.3
16.7

30

100.0

100.0

Percent
3.3
13.3
40.0
83.3
100.0

Cumulative GPA
Cumulative
Valid

File:

2.65
2.72
2.79
2.90
2.95
2.98
3.05
3.10
3.21
3.25
3.30
3.39
3.40
3.42
3.45
3.50
3.52
3.55
3.60
3.62
3.72
3.91
Total

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Frequency
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Percent
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
6.7
6.7
3.3
3.3
3.3
13.3
6.7
10.0
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3

Valid Percent
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
6.7
6.7
3.3
3.3
3.3
13.3
6.7
10.0
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3

30

100.0

100.0

Percent
3.3
6.7
10.0
13.3
16.7
23.3
30.0
33.3
36.7
40.0
53.3
60.0
70.0
73.3
76.7
80.0
83.3
86.7
90.0
93.3
96.7
100.0

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From the tables above, we can conclude that all the cases are valid. There are
no invalid cases input to the table, in both average hour of sleep and GPA
data.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
The hypothesos which has been made earlier is that average hours of sleep
correlates to the GPA attained by students. The longer the students sleep, the
greater their GPA they obtain cumulatively. This hypothesis is tested by using
regression analysis.

By using the regression analysis, normal P-P plot which represents the
distribution of the data has been made. From the plot above, it can be seen
that average hours of sleep and students GPA are positively correlated. In
other words, the more the amount of hours of sleep, the greater the students
GPA. Thus, the hypothesis is approved.

9. RESULT AND ANALYSIS

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Correlations
Average Hours
Cumulative GPA
Pearson Correlation

Cumulative GPA

1.000

.641

.641

1.000

.000

.000

Cumulative GPA

30

30

Average Hours of Sleep

30

30

Average Hours of Sleep

Sig. (1-tailed)

Cumulative GPA
Average Hours of Sleep

of Sleep

Using regression analysis, the value of pearson correlation is found. It can be

seen above that the pearson correlation between cumulative GPA and average
hours of equals 0.641. It means that the students GPA is 64.1% affected by
hw long they sleep during the night. Since pearson correlation must have value
between 0.3 and 0.7, it is approved that the data (pearson correlation = 0.641)
have some relationship between the idependent and dependent variable.

Model Summaryb

Model

R Square

.641a

.411

Adjusted R

Std. Error of the

Square

Estimate
.390

.23514

Regression analysis also shows how much of variance in the dependent

variable explained by the model. From the table above it can be seen that there
is 41.1% of the variable of students GPA explained by the model. The value
of R should be less than 0.9. Adjusted value of R is considered when small
samples are taken. Since we are taking only limited sample from ne
environment, adjusted R square can not be omitted. It is used to provide a
better estimate of true population. The value of R is corrected to be 0.39,
instead of 0.411. It means that in order to have a better estimate of the true
population, there should be 9% of variance of students GPA variable
explained by the model.
Residuals Statisticsa
Std.
Minimum Maximum
Predicted Value
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2.7696

3.5395

Mean
3.2700

Deviation
.19313

N
30
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Std. Predicted Value

-2.591

1.395

.000

1.000

30

.046

.121

.058

.018

30

2.7622

3.5941

3.2685

.19583

30

-.62699

.58795

.00000

.23105

30

Std. Residual

-2.666

2.500

.000

.983

30

Stud. Residual

-2.720

2.667

.003

1.025

30

-.65230

.66888

.00154

.25171

30

-3.113

3.032

-.004

1.112

30

Mahal. Distance

.159

6.714

.967

1.399

30

Cook's Distance

.000

.490

.046

.105

30

.005

.232

.033

.048

30

Standard Error of
Predicted Value
Adjusted Predicted
Value
Residual

Deleted Residual
Stud. Deleted Residual

Centered Leverage
Value

Every set of data has residuals. The sattistics are stated above. It should be
clarified if there is problem within he set of data which may destruct the whole
result. By looking at the value of cooks distance, this can be known. From the
ttable above, it is know that the maximum cooks distance equals 0.49. Cooks
distance should be less than 1.0. If greater, there must be a problem within the
set of data, and therefore should be further analyzed. Since the value of cooks
distance above is less than 1.0, there is no problem in the data.

From the plot above, it can be seen that the data is normally distributed. In the
normal P-P plot, the cases are distributed along the center line without any
specific outliers. In the scatterplot, the cases are located within range of -3 to
3. Outliers lay within range more than and less than -3.
Reliability Statistics
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Cronbach's
Alpha Based on
Cronbach's

Standardized

Alpha

Items
.522

N of Items
.781

The realibility of data is defined by alpha. Alpha is symbolized by chronbachs

alpha value. If chronbachs alpha is less than 0.7, the data is not reliable. In the
table above, it can be seen that the overall value of Chronbach alpha equals
0.781. Thus, it can be stated that the data used is reliable.
KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy.
Bartlett's Test of Sphericity

Approx. Chi-Square
df
Sig.

.500
14.571
1
.000

Factor analysis for this data is tested whether it is appropriate or not by looking
at Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Meeasure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartletts Test of
Sphericity. If the value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Meeasure of Sampling
Adequacy is greater than 0.6 and the value of Bartletts Test of Sphericity Sig.
is less than 0.05, then the factor analysis is appropriate for this data. From the
table above, it can be seen that the value Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Meeasure of
Sampling Adequacy equals 0.5 which is less than 0.6. And bartletts test of
sphericity sig. equals 0.00. It means that the factor analysis for this data is not
appropriate.

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10. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The average hours of sleep correlates positively to students GPA. SGU students
should have longer time to sleep to get a greater GPA.

11. REFERENCES (these are the examples)

[1] S. M. Metev and V. P. Veiko, Laser Assisted Microtechnology, 2nd ed., R.
M. Osgood, Jr., Ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1998.
[2] J. Breckling, Ed., The Analysis of Directional Time Series: Applications to
Wind Speed and Direction, ser. Lecture Notes in Statistics. Berlin, Germany:
Springer, 1989, vol. 61.
[3] S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, A novel ultrathin elevated
channel low-temperature poly-Si TFT, IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 20,
pp. 569571, Nov. 1999.
[4] M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin, High
resolution fiber distributed measurements with coherent OFDR, in Proc.
ECOC00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p. 109.
[5] R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, High-speed digital-to-RF
converter, U.S. Patent 5 668 842, Sept. 16, 1997.
[6] (2002) The IEEE website. [Online]. Available: http://www.ieee.org/
[7] M. Shell. (2002) IEEEtran homepage on CTAN. [Online]. Available:
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/supported/IEEEtran/
[8] FLEXChip Signal Processor (MC68175/D), Motorola, 1996.
[9] PDCA12-70 data sheet, Opto Speed SA, Mezzovico, Switzerland.
[10] Karnik, Performance of TCP congestion control with rate feedback:
TCP/ABR and rate adaptive TCP/IP, M. Eng. thesis, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore, India, Jan. 1999.
[11] J. Padhye, V. Firoiu, and D. Towsley, A stochastic model of TCP Reno
congestion avoidance and control, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA,
CMPSCI Tech. Rep. 99-02, 1999.
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[12] Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY)
Specification, IEEE Std. 802.11, 1997.

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