Digital Electronics-II Experiment No.

Experiment No. 4
1. Title:
Design and verify the logic circuit for full substractor using logic gates.

2. Prior Concepts:
Rules for binary subtraction, K-map, knowledge of half subtractor.

3. New Concept :
Proposition 1 : A half subtractor is a combinational circuit that subtracts two bits and produces
their differences. The second output designed Cn for borrow.
Proposition 2 : The full subtractor circuit performs subtraction of two one bit numbers with borrow
from the previous stage.

An (Minuend) B (subtrahend)

Full
subtractor
Cn (Borrow) Cn-1 (Borrow from previous
stage)

Dn (Difference)

4. Learning Objectives :
4.1 Intellectual Skill :-
4.1.1 The truth table preparation for half subtractor.
4.1.2 The truth table preparation for full subtractor.
4.2 Motor Skills :-
4.2.1 To build the full subtractor circuit on breadboard.
4.2.2 To verify the practical results (truth table entries) with the help of LEDs, Multimeter, or
on CRO.

5. Apparatus :
D.C. power supply (5V), connecting wires , breadboard , LED's, current limiting
resistors ( e.g.270W ), write IC's required -……………., …………… , …………..,
………………, ………………, multimeter, CRO, etc

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Experiment No. 4 Digital Electronics-II

6. Diagram :
6.1 Draw required IC configuration.

6.2 Draw circuit diagram of half subtractor.

6.3 Draw block diagram of full subtractor using half subtractor.

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Digital Electronics-II Experiment No. 4

7. Procedure :
7.1 Prepare the truth- table for half subtractor.

A full subtractor circuit for performing multi bit subtraction where in a borrow from previous bit
position may also be there. A full subtractor will have three inputs, An(minuend), B (subtrahend),
and Cn-1 (borrow from previous stage) and two outputs Dn (Difference) and Cn (borrow).
7.2 Prepare truth table for full subtractor.

Inputs Outputs
Borrow from
Minuend Subtrahends previous Borrow
Difference Borrow
Difference
stage
An Bn Cn-1 Dn
Cn Cn
Dn
0 0 0

1 1 1

7.4 Prepare a K-map for Difference (Dn)

Expression for Difference Dn =

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Experiment No. 4 Digital Electronics-II

7.5 Prepare K-map for Borrow ( Cn )

Expression for Borrow Cn =

7.6 Draw the desired circuit diagram.

7.7 Build the designed full subtractor circuit on bread board.

7.8 Connect LEDs, multimeter or CRO at output terminals of full subtractor.
7.9 Switch ON power supply.
7.10 Verify truth table by observing status of LED or on Multimeter or on CRO for different inputs.

8. Conclusion :
Comment on the output state for different combinations of inputs for LED to glow.

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Digital Electronics-II Experiment No. 4

9. Questions :
Attempt three questions as directed by teacher.
1) State the expressions for difference and borrow of full subtractor and implement full subtractor
using NAND gate.
2) Show how a full adder can be converted to a full subtractor with the addition of one inverter
circuit.
3) Draw the circuit diagram to implement full subtractor with two half subtractors.
4) Refer the circuit diagram given in fig .1 and answer the following questions.

Cn

is in dark

Fig. 1
a) State the status of Red and green LEDs when both photo transistors Q1 and Q2 are
under radiation.
b) State the status of Red and green LEDs when both photo transistors Q1 and Q2 are
in dark.
c) State the status of Red and green LEDs when photo transistors Q1 is in dark and Q2
is under radiation.
d) State the status of Red and green LEDs when both photo transistors Q1 is under
radiation and Q2 is in dark.
5) Redraw the circuit as given in fig. 1 with transistor Q3 is under illumination. Also write the
answer of a), b), c), and d) as in question no.4.

(Space for answer)

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Experiment No. 4 Digital Electronics-II

(Space for answer)

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Digital Electronics-II Experiment No. 4

(Space for answer)

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