Experimental Study of Effect of Viscosity of Various Oil in Roller Bearing

International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 8- August 2013
ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 3606

Experimental study of effect of viscosity of various oil in roller bearing
Praveen Sharma
*1
, Prof. A.K. Jain
2

*1
ME IVth sem student, Jabalpur Engg. College Jabalpur (M P)
2
Associate professor, Jabalpur Engg. College Jabalpur (M P)

Abstract:
This work aims to characterize
vibration behavior of roller bearings as a
function of lubricant viscosity. Experimental
tests were performed in N205 roller
bearings, lubricated with mineral oil of
three different viscosity grades (ISO 10, 32
and 68). The mechanical vibration was
determined through the processing and
analysis of bearing radial vibration data,
obtained from each of the lubrication
conditions, during 2 h of test run for
temperature stabilization and under several
bearing shaft speeds. The applied radial
load was 12% of the bearing nominal load.
Through root mean square (RMS) analysis
of the vibration signals, it was possible to
identify specific frequency bands modulated
by the change in lubricant viscosity, which
was related to change in oil film thickness.

Key Word- Roller bearing, Vibration,
Viscosity, Applied load
1 -Introduction- A bearing is a machine
element that constrains relative motion
between moving parts to only the desired
motion. The design of the bearing may, for
example, provide for free linear movement
of the moving part or for free rotation
around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent a
motion by controlling the vectors of normal
forces that bear on the moving parts.
Bearings are classified broadly according to
the type of operation, the motions allowed,
or to the directions of the loads (forces)
applied to the parts.
The term "bearing" is derived from
the verb "to bear"; a bearing being a
machine element that allows one part to bear
(i.e., to support) another. The simplest
bearings are bearing surfaces, cut or formed
into a part, with varying degrees of control
over the form, size, roughness and location
of the surface. Other bearings are separate
devices installed into a machine or machine
part.
2. Methodology
The tested rolling bearings were of N205
type, presenting the geometry shown in Fig.
.

Figure 2.1-Roller bearing
Mineral oil without additive was used as
lubricant. Three different viscosity grades
were tested, ISO 10 (V1), ISO 32 (V2) and
ISO 68 (V3), with the purpose of obtaining
the vibration response related to different
lubrication regimes in the bearing element
contacts.

Figure 2.2-Roller bearing with rotating
shaft

A system with pulleys transmits the power
from an electric motor to the bearing shaft.
Two ball bearings are used to support the
shaft. A frequency inverter controls the shaft
speed. Actually, machines have an inherent
vibration that characterizes the baseline of
their dynamical behavior. The baseline
dynamics certainly affects the vibration of
any monitored component.

Figure 2.3- RPM is obtain from rpm
measurement device

3. Results and discussion
3.1.-Oil temperature
Oil bath temperature as a function of test
time, for the three tested viscosities. A
gradual increase in temperature can be
observed during the first hour of test and a
trend of stabilization in the second hour.
This behavior is repetitive for the three
tested viscosity grades.
According to technical publications of
rolling bearings manufacturers , both
increase and stabilization of temperature
occur with any type of rolling bearing, and
the stabilization is due to equilibrium
between production and dissipation of heat
in the system. Also, it can be observed that,
for the studied viscosity grades, oil
temperature is proportional to the viscosity
degree.

This phenomenon is correlated with the
friction force that originated from viscous
action among the layers in the lubricant film
that separates the surfaces in contact. High
friction force (high viscosity) is related to
high loss of energy in the contact, resulting
in high heat generation .
V1=ISO10,V1=ISO32,V1=ISO68
Temperature is obtain by digital temperature
meter
Table 3.1-Oil temperatures

Sr.NO. Test
time in
minute
Oil
Temp.
of V1
Oil
Temp.
of V2
Oil
Temp.
of V3
1 0 22.2 24.2 28.2
2 15 24.2 28.2 32.2
3 30 29.2 33.4 36.2
4 45 33.8 36.5 38.2
5 60 37.8 39.2 42.4
6 75 40.2 43.4 45.3
7 90 44.2 46.2 48.2
8 105 44.2 46.2 48.3
9 120 44.2 46.2 48.3


Figure 3.1-Graph between two parameters
using V1

using V2

using V3

using V1, V2 and V3

3.2-Bearing vibration
Fig. shows the RMS vibration values of the
rolling bearing as a function of test time.
Comparing the results in this figure with
those in Fig., two main observations can be
done. First, it is observed that both
temperature and RMS values tend to
increase and stabilize with test time.
Secondly, vibration level is smaller as oil
viscosity degree becomes higher, in contrast
to the effect of temperature on oil viscosity.
An explanation for this fact is discussed in
the next sections, in terms of the tribological
condition of the contacts.

3.2.1- Using of V
1

W=700N in mid way
Diameter of shaft d=25.4mm
Eccentricity of C.G.outer surface of
bearing ,e=0.02mm
Power consumption=One HP
Length of shaft L=400mm
E=1.9610
11
N/m
2

Deflection,
=WL
3
/48EI=7000.4
3
64/48(1.9
610
11
)(0.0254)
4

=7.3210
-4

Stiffness of shaft,

k= =956031 N/m
Natural frequency of transvers
vibration

n

=
115.76 radian/s
3.2.1.1-RPM of shaft N=870 , Obtain from
rpm measurement device
Test time in minute= 15 minutes
= =
=91.06 radian/s
r=
r= =0.78662
= = =
Amplitude of vibration ,
s=0.0324mm
= =
=94.2 radian/s
r=
r= =0.813752
= = =
s=0.03920mm
= =
=97.34 radian/s
r=
r= =0.84087
= = =
Amplitude of vibration , s=0.0482
mm
= =
=101.003 radian/s
r=
r= =0.87252
= = =
s=0.06378mm
3.2.1.5-RPM of shaft N=988, Obtain from
= =
=103.410 radian/s
r=
r= =0.8933
= = =
Amplitude of vibration,
s=0.07900mm
3.2.1.6-RPM of shaft N=1002 , Obtain
from rpm measurement device
= =
=104.876 radian/s
r=
r= =0.9059
= = =
s=0.0914mm
3.2.1.7-RPM of shaft N=1005, Obtain
= =
=105.19 radian/s
r=
r= =0.9086
= = =
s=0.0946mm
3.2.1.8-RPM of shaft N=1005 , Obtain
= =
=105.19 radian/s
r=
r= =0.9086
= = =
s=0.0946mm

3.2.2- Using of V
2

W=700N in mid way
bearing ,e=0.02mm
E=1.9610
11
N/m
2

Deflection,
=WL
3
/48EI=7000.4
3
64/48(1.9
610
11
)(0.0254)
4

=7.3210
-4

Stiffness of shaft,

k= =956031 N/m
vibration

n

=
115.76 radian/s
= =
=72.74 radian/s
r=
r= =0.6283
= = =
s=0.0130mm
Test time in minute= 30minutes

= =
=75.46 radian/s
r=
r= =0.6519
= = =
s=0.0147mm
= =
=78.70 radian/s
r=
r= =0.6799
= = =
mm
= =
=81.74 radian/s
r=
r= =0.7061
= = =
s=0.0198mm
= =
=84.78radian/s
r=
r= =0.732
= = =
mm
= =
=87.50 radian/s
r=
r= =0.7558
= = =
s=0.0266mm
= =
=88.966 radian/s
r=
r= =0.7685
= = =
s=0.00288mm

= =
=88.966 radian/s
r=
r= =0.7685
= = =
s=0.00288mm
3.2.3- Using of V
3

W=700N in mid way
bearing ,e=0.02mm
E=1.9610
11
N/m
2

Deflection,
=WL
3
/48EI=7000.4
3
64/48(1.9
610
11
)(0.0254)
4

=7.3210
-4

Stiffness of shaft,

k= =956031 N/m
vibration

n

=
115.76 radian/s

= =
=53.90 radian/s
r=
r= =0.465
= = =
s=0.005524mm
= =
=57.04 radian/s
r=
r= =0.492
= = =
s=0.00640mm
= =
=60.916 radian/s
r=
r= =0.5262
= = =
mm
= =
=63.84 radian/s
r=
r= =0.551
= = =
s=0.00872mm
= =
=66.77radian/s
r=
r= =0.576
= = =
mm
= =
=68.03 radian/s
r=
r= =0.5877
= = =
s=0.01055mm
= =
=70.12radian/s
r=
r= =0.605
= = =
s=0.0115mm

= =
=70.12radian/s
r=
r= =0.605
= = =
s=0.0115mm

Table 3.2 Amplitude of vibration,
(in mm)

Sr.N
O.
Test
time
in
min
ute
Amplit
ude of
vibrati
on ,
(in
mm)
when
use in
V
1

Amplitu
de of
vibratio
n,(in
mm)
when
use in
V
2

Amplit
ude of
vibrati
on ,(in
mm)
when
use in
V
3

1 15 0.0324 0.0130 0.0055
2 30 0.0392 0.0147 0.0064
3 45 0.0482 0.0171 0.0076
4 60 0.0637 0.0198 0.0087
5 75 0.0790 0.0230 0.0099
6 90 0.0914 0.0266 0.0105
7 105 0.0946 0.0288 0.0115
8 120 0.0946 0.0288 0.0115


using V1

using V2

using V3

using V1,V2 and V3
4-Conclusions:
Roller bearings were tested in order to verify
differences in vibration response when
lubricated with different viscosity oils. The
vibration behavior was studied in two main
frequency bands and by using a tribological
parameter (l factor). The main conclusions
are: Changes in lubrication regime of roller
bearings due to change in oil viscosity grade
could be detected by vibration monitoring.
In the tests with ISO 32 and ISO 68
viscosity grades, lubrication regime was of
full film type. With the ISO 10 grade,
lubrication regime was supposed to be very
near to that of mixed type. Two main
observations can be done. First, it is
observed that both temperature and RMS
values tend to increase and stabilize with
test time. Secondly, vibration level is
smaller as oil viscosity degree becomes
higher, in contrast to the effect of
temperature on oil viscosity.

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Experimental Study of Effect of Viscosity of Various Oil in Roller Bearing

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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 8- August 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 3606

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