Physics 10

General Physics 1 Lecture

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Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #
Lecture 2:
KINEMATICS
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $
Module 2
KINEMATICS

Displaceme%t a%d Dista%ce

&elocity a%d Speed

'cceleratio%

'verage a%d (%sta%ta%eo"s &al"es

!otio% with )o%sta%t 'cceleratio%

*reely *alli%g Bodies

Projectile !otio%
topgear.com
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido +
Distance vs. Displacement
,
Distance - the le%gth of the traveled path
,
Displacement - the differe%ce .etwee%
the i%itial a%d fi%al positio%s

x =

x
f


x
0
x
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido /
Which is larger
Displaceme%t 01 Dista%ce
2 Displaceme%t 1 Dista%ce
3(f o.ject moves i% o%e directio% o%ly4
S
T
A
!
T
"
I
N
I
S
#
S
T
A
!
T
"
I
N
I
S
#
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 5
E$% !ace Trac&
)oach 6io ra% o%e lap
aro"%d the trac7 of radi"s 6.
a. What is his istance tra!ele"
#. What is his is$lace%ent"
#6
0
S
T
A
R
T
F
I
N
I
S
H
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 8
E$% Ta$i !ide
&ree'i&i.%a$ua.eu.$h
htt$:((estuyantesa$ili$inas.&iles.')r$ress.c)%(2*1+(*+(luneta,$ar-..$/
par7
0is$lace%ent 1 1 0is$lace%ent 2 1 0is$lace%ent +
0istance 2 2 0istance 1 2 0istance +
school
Path 1
Path 2
Path +
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 9
E$% 'um(le(ee
B"m.le.ee traveled / 7m to
the :ast the% # 7m to the ;est.
;hat is his:
a4 Total displaceme%t
.4 Total dista%ce traveled
/e)cachin/.c)%
$ 7m< :ast
8 7m
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido =
No Negative Distance
Ex: Luke ran for 10 miles westward.
;hat was his dista%ce>
;hat was his displaceme%t>
10 miles
10 miles< 190?
or 10 miles< ;
or 10 miles 3@A4
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 10
)elocit*
- the rate of cha%ge of positio%
- the 1
st
derivative of positio% w/ respect to time

- the slope of the B@t graph
v =

x
t
=
displacement
time
m =
y
x
v =

x
t
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 11
)elocit* as slope o+ $,t graph
1 2 + 3 4 5 6 7 8 1*
*
4
1*
14
2*
24
&9:; 1 2:
Lucy's Displacement
Time (s)
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t

t
o

a
!
"
s

N
o
!
t
h

(
m
)
< =ecall: Strai/ht lines ha!e c)nstant sl)$es>
m =
y
x
v =

x
t
= 2
m
s

j
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 1#
Speed vs. )elocit*
, )elocit* - a vector C"a%tity
, Speed - the mag%it"de of velocity
3if o.ject moves i% o%e directio% o%ly4
v =
x
t
=
distance
time
v =

x
t
=
displacement
time
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 1$
Which is larger
&elocity 01 Speed
2 &elocity 1 Speed
3(f o.ject moves i% o%e directio% o%ly4
S
T
A
!
T
"
I
N
I
S
#
S
T
A
!
T
"
I
N
I
S
#
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 1+
E$% !un- "orrest- !un.
*orrest is r"%%i%g $./ m/s towards the ho"se to
the :ast. Dive his velocity a%d speed.
*orrest the% ra% aro"%d a #.0@7m .loc7 twice for
a total of o%e ho"r. Dive his velocity a%d speed.
&elocity 1 3$./ m/s43A4 1 $./ m/s< :ast
Speed 1 $./ m/s
&elocity 1 0.0 7m/hr
Speed 1 +.0 7m/hr
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 1/
E$% Dan* the Dragon /ad*
Da%y sails off i% a ship movi%g at #0 7%ots
3%a"tical miles4 S: per ho"r for #.0 ho"rs.
She a%d her crew were statio%ary for $0
mi%"tes while they fo"ght off some pirates
at sea. 'fterward< they traveled 10 7%ots per
ho"r E; for 1.0 ho"r. Dive Da%yFs:
a4 Total displaceme%t
.4 Total dista%ce
c4 'verage velocity
d4 'verage speed
+* -n)ts? SE
4* -n)ts
7.5 -n)ts $er h)ur? SE
13 -n)ts $er h)ur
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n3(s15**(0aenerys,Tar/aryen,aenerys,tar/aryen,2785418+,883,1387..$/
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 15
Acceleration
- the rate of cha%ge of velocity
- the 1
st
derivative of velocity w/ respect to time

- the slope of the v@t graph
- the #
%d
derivative of positio% w/ respect to time
a =

v
t
=
velocity
time
m =
y
x
a =

v
t
a =

2
x
t
2
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 18
Acceleration is derivative o+ v
Solve for acceleratio%
:B1:
:B#:
v(t ) =(4.5 m/ s
2
)t + 13
v(t ) =(2.0 m/ s
4
)t
3
+(1.3 m/ s
3
)t
2
+ (8.0 m/ s
2
)t + 5.5
a3t4 1 +./ m/s
#
a3t4 1 35.0 m/s
+
43t
#
4 G 3#.5 m/s
$
43t4 G 9.0 m/s
#
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 19
Acceleration as slope o+ v,t graph
< =ecall: Strai/ht lines ha!e c)nstant sl)$es>
m =
y
x
a =

v
t
= 3.6
m
s
2

i
*
1*
2*
+*
3*
&9:; 1 +.5: F *
#e!t's $elocity
Time (s)
$
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
%

&
a
s
t

a
!
"

(
m
'
s
)
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido 1=
Acceleration as 2
nd
derivative o+ $
1 2 + 3 4 5 6 7 8 1*
*
4
1*
14
2*
24
&9:; 1 2:
Lucy's Displacement
Time (s)
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t

t
o

a
!
"
s

N
o
!
t
h

(
m
)
1st "e!i(ati(e
)n" "e!i(ati(e
m =
y
x
v =

x
t
= 2
m
s

j
a =

2
x
t
2
=
d
dt
(
2
m
s

j
)
=0
m
s
2
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #0
0raphs% $,t- v,t- a,t
jeep.com

Here? ! t
1
Here? : t
2
Here? a t
*
oscie%ce.i%fo

x
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #1
Average vs. Instantaneous )alues
H
ave
1 mea% val"e over time
H
i%st
1 val"e for o%e i%sta%t 3time4
:B:
a
ave
1 +.9 m/s
#
a
i%st
3t11s4 1 #.0 m/s
#
a
i%st
3t1=s4 1 10 m/s
#
*
2
3
5
7
1*
12
Rocco's Accele!ation
Time (s)
A
c
c
e
l
e
!
a
t
i
o
n

(
m
'
s
*
)
)
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido ##
DEM1% Moving Man
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Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #$
Motion 2ith Constant Acceleration
a 3 4v
+
5 v
6
7 8 t
$
+
3 $
6
9 v
6
t 9 : at
2
4$
+
5 $
6
7 3 : 4v
+
9 v
6
7t
v
+
2
3 v
6
2
9 2a4$
+
5 $
6
7
1#$rf.com
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #+
E$% /ightning Mc;ueen
Iight%i%g< starti%g from rest< accelerates at / m/s
#
.
3a4 ;hat is his velocity after traveli%g 100 m>
3.4 Jow m"ch time has elapsed si%ce 3a4>
wallpowper.com
$1.5 m/s
5.$# s
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #/
"ree "all
,
'% o.ject which
o%ly eBperie%ces
o%e force: gravity
,
'cceleratio%:
a 1 - g 1 - =.9 m/s
#
mwit.ac.th
)'n'ar:
is$lace%ent? !el)city? accelerati)n
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #5
E$% Catching "ire
http://cjdarli%gto%..logspot.com
Kat%iss :verdee% shoots a%
arrow straight "p i% the air at a%
i%itial speed of 1/ m/s. 'fter
how m"ch time does the arrow
have...
3a4 a% "pward speed of 9.0 m/s>

3.4 a dow%ward speed of 9.0 m/s>
0.81 s
#.$ s
v 1 0 m/s
v 1 G9 m/s v 1 @9 m/s
v 1 G1/ m/s v 1 @1/ m/s
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #8
<ro=ectile Motion
http://a1$5.idata.over@.log.com/$/81/$+//9/Dossier@$/a%gryL.irdsLgame.jpg
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #9
<ro=ectile Motion
http://siBtyi%chesfromce%ter.org/archive/wp@co%te%t/"ploads/#011/08/)low%
LSoldierLBIMDjpg@10#+B5981.jpg
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido #=
DEM1% <ro=ectile Motion
phet.colorado.ed"
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $0
<ro=ectile Motion
, ' com.i%atio% of B@ a%d
y@motio%
, )o%sta%t aB 1 0
, )o%sta%t ay N @ =.9 m/s
#
, Trajectory 3path4 is
para.olic
O%iversity Physics .y Po"%g a%d *reedma%
http://mcdoteachi%g.files.wordpress.com/#011/10/a.L..jpg
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $1
<ro=ectile Motion
Displaceme%t:
,
B 1 v
0
cos t
,
y 1 v
0
si% t - Q gt
#
&elocity:
,
v
B
1 v
0
cos
,
v
y
1 v
0
si% - gt
'cceleratio%:
,
a
B
1 0 m/s
#
,
a
y
1 - g 1 - =.9 m/s
#
2 B
maB
1 6a%ge if y
0
1 y
f
2 )omp"te B@motio% a%d y@motio% i%depe%de%tly
O%iversity Physics .y Po"%g a%d *reedma%
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $#
E$% Angr* Cardinals
http://space.a%gry.irds.com/a%%o"%ceme%t/img/thefloc7.p%g
' very a%gry .ird is la"%ched from
the gro"%d with a% i%itial velocity of
1#/ m/s a%d a la"%ch a%gle of
50.0. 'fter #./0 s< give the ff.:
a4 JoriRo%tal displaceme%t< B
.4 &ertical displaceme%t< y
c4 JoriRo%tal velocity< v
B
d4 &ertical velocity< v
y
e4 JoriRo%tal acceleratio%< a
B
f4 &ertical acceleratio%< a
y
B 1 1/5 m
y 1 #+0 m
v
B
1 5#./ m/s
v
y
1 9$.9 m/s
a
B
1 0.00 m/s
#
a
y
1 - =.90 m/s
#
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $$
E$% /ong Cut- Short Cut
;he% goi%g to school< Ii%"s li7es to ta7e the
lo%g c"t while S"sy always ta7es the shortc"t.
;hich is T6O:>
Iet D 1 dista%ce< H 1 displaceme%t.
'. D
I
1 D
S
< H
I
1 H
S
B. D
I
1 D
S
< H
I
S H
S
). D
I
1 D
S
< H
I
0 H
S
D. D
I
S D
S
< H
I
1 H
S
:. D
I
0 D
S
< H
I
1 H
S
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $+
E$% Crash Course
Ii%dsay was drivi%g at /0 miles per seco%d
whe% she decided to apply the .ra7es
s"ch that she decelerates at a co%sta%t
rate of -/ mi/s
#
. ;hat time wo"ld elapse
.efore her car comes to a stop>
10 seco%ds
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $/
E$% 1ops.
' flower pot was accide%tally ."mped off
from the top of a 1/0@m ."ildi%g. ;ith
what velocity does it la%d>
- /+ m/s
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $5
E$% )elocities
*or the v@t graph .elow<
give:
3a4 the i%sta%ta%eo"s
velocity at t 1 10 s
3.4 the average velocity
from t11s to t110s
*
2
3
5
7
1*
Time (s)
$
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

(
m
'
s
)
v
i%st<t110
1 8.0 m/s
v
ave
1 5.8 m/s
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $8
E$% Slopp* Slopes
Determi%e the acceleratio% for each v@t graph.
a1 1 0.0 m/s
#
a# 1 -$./ m/s
#
*
1*
2*
+*
&9:; 1 2*
$1
Time (s)
$
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

(
m
'
s
)
&9:; 1 ,+.4: F 3+.4
$)
Time (s)
$
e
l
o
c
i
t
y

(
m
'
s
)
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $9
E$% Change o+ Change
Dive% this B@t graph< draw
the v@t a%d a@t graphs.
*
4*
1**
14*
2**
24*
&9:; 1 2 :I2
Time (s)
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t

(
m
)
f3B4 N # B
#
f3B4 N + B
1
f3B4 N +
Physics 10 !s. Teci P"lido $=
E$% Circus
' clow% was shot o"t of a ca%%o% with i%itial
velocity v0 1 1+ m/s< a%d la"%ch a%gle 1 $/.
a4 ;hat is its highest poi%t from the gro"%d>
.4 Jow lo%g wo"ld it .e air.or%e>
c4 ;hat horiRo%tal dista%ce wo"ld it travel>
$.$ m
1.5 s
19 m